VPi/RAV. 
THE RURAL NEW-¥OMEB 
less mending Is needed, and the less risk there 
will he of loss from such impairment. 
None but a fool thinks that he cannot learn 
from others. 
Rut farmiug may be deep enough, but it is 
exceedingly narrow. 
Brains an? the cheapest fertilizer that can 
be employed on the farm. 
Underdraining and irrigation make the 
fanner largely independent of the weather. 
Farm machinery is often injured as much 
by exposure to the weather when not in use, 
as by wear when it is in use. 
One hour’s wear, when in need of greasing, 
will injure a wagon or machine, more than a 
week when properly oiled. 
Weeds are most easily and cheaply killed 
when just appearing above ground. 
All flocks and herds should be carefully 
culled at stated periods, and the culls sold. 
the little pigs will show an increased desire 
for feeding upon anything they can reach, 
and a quart of oats and wheat may be thrown 
to each lot of ten pigs to work over, increas¬ 
ing this amount to six quarts when they are 
a month old, and persuading them all the time 
to eat bountifully of milk with a little bran 
aud corn meal in it. When about two months 
old the pigs should be weaned, one at a time, 
the strongest first; the weakest may be left 
another week with the sow. It is a serious 
matter, even cruel to the sow, to have all her 
pigs removed at once, leaving her no way of 
getting relief from her milk. 
After weaning the pigs, feed them oat meal 
and corn meal gruels and milk, the latter in 
greater proportion at first. Have the food 
just blood-warm. Give them an abundant 
supply of pure, cool—not cold-water. It is 
necessary that food shall bo dissolved before 
it can be taken into the system. Spring pigs 
should bo fed liberally all Summer with rich 
food, suflicient green food being allowed to 
keep their bowels in good order. The flesh 
will lie much improved if boiled peas aud 
wheat are giveu as a portion of the feed used 
in fattening. For the best results with spring 
pigs, they should be three-quarter blood small 
breed. Fall pigs should have boiled roots 
with a little meal aud boiled barley after they 
are three mouths old, until the weather is 
warm enough to turn them upon grass and 
clover. This, however, should be supplemented 
with half rations of corn meal, for the pig, as 
now bred, is not a grazing animal, if it ever 
was. Warmth, Cleanliness, fresh air and mmu 
proof cover, which protects the animal that 
operates the machine from the biasing sun and 
also from the rain. We commend this house 
to all wanting machines in this line, and ad¬ 
vise them to send for this handsome catalogue. 
PRIZE ESS AY. -Class II. 
BY LANCY. 
THOUGHTS FOR THIXKIXG FARMERS. 
He who would have his children love their 
home, must make it a lovely home. 
He who would have his soil feed him boun¬ 
tifully, must, not forget or neglect to feed his 
soil liberally. 
Sheep in Summer want plenty of fresh 
grass, good shade and pure water; in Winter, 
protection from storms, good ventilation, and 
regularity in feeding, in both time and quan¬ 
tity. 
A portion of green feed, in Winter, is better 
for live stock, than medicine. 
Gentle firmness should bo the rule in hand¬ 
ling all live stock. 
The balky driver, makes the balky horse. 
There is more profit in keeping one good 
animal than two poor ones. 
Keep the best, and sell the rest. 
The manure bank is of more importance to 
the fanner than the money bank. 
Weeds exhaust the laud as badly as useful 
crops. 
Think carefully, plow deeply, manure liber¬ 
ally, and cultivate thoroughly; and you will 
gather largely. 
The light of science and experience, focal¬ 
ized by the agricultural press, is the best guide 
to success in farming. 
Employ the hired hand whose clothes are 
patched in front, rather than behind. 
A good cultivation is equal to a shower, in 
a dry time. 
It is better to sell when you can get a good 
average price, than to hold for a higher one. 
Underdraining increases the fertility, fria 
bility, warmth, dryness and moisture of 
heavy soils. 
Books and papers are essential, to a com¬ 
plete home, and in the farmer’s home, some of 
these should be devoted to agricultural sub¬ 
jects. 
It is bad economy, as well as unfair, to pur¬ 
chase all the labor-suvlng machinery for the 
farm, and neglect to supply the wife with 
such as will lighten her labors. 
The signs are right for planting when the 
proper season has come, the soil is in good 
condition, the weather propitious, good seed 
at hand, and help ready to put it in the ground. 
A sharp, bright hoe is poisonous to weeds, 
besides being much easier to use than a dull, 
rusty one. 
Horse muscle is cheaper than human mus¬ 
cle, and should lie used in preference wherever 
it oan be. 
Those crops of grain and grass that are 
driveu to market on foot, generally bring the 
best prices. 
Intensive fanning will generally prove more 
satisfactory and profitable than eoctensiv* 
farming. 
Good luck—industry, care, promptness. Bad 
luck—tardiness, carelessness, neglect. 
The killing of one insect in the Spring is 
equal to the killing of 100 in the Summer, and 
of 10,000 in the Fall. 
Winter is the time to do the chores for 
Spring. 
Better kiudle the fire with dry wood, than a 
heated temper. 
Good seed or stock is cheaper at any price, 
than poor for nothing. 
Nearly all diseases arise from impure air or 
water, or from intemperance. 
Make friends with the birds; protect them 
from their enemies, and they will rid you of 
your enemies. 
The greedy man shall not live out half his 
days. 
Use other men’s brains, concentrated in im¬ 
proved machinery, and save your own mus¬ 
cles. 
The time was when it was thought that the 
poorest education was “good enough for a 
farmer;” now it is believed that a good one is 
none too good; and, soon, it will be known 
that none but the best is good enough. 
Pruning is a necessary evil, therefore it 
should never be done when not needed, nor ne¬ 
glected when it is needed. 
Lumber, brick and stone are cheaper warm¬ 
ing materials for live stock than hay and 
grain. 
An exhausted soil, like an exhausted bank 
account, w ill refuse to honor the drafts made 
upon it. 
The far mer who does not read the agricul¬ 
tural literature of the day, is apt to be narrow 
in his v iews, and shallow in his practices. 
The sooner a rent or break is mended, the 1 
This week we continue the “black list" of 
humbugs and frauds, compiled by the Post- 
ofiice authorities None of these can use the 
United States mails in their swindling busi¬ 
ness, so many of them employ the express 
companies instead. We shall make room to 
finish the catalogue next week. 
Grafton, W. Va. J. M. Boyce. 
Gloucester, N. J. B. C. Bartel!© & Co. 
Holston, W. Va. E. Gustavus & Co. alias 
F. E. G. Lindsey. 
Haddoufield, N. J. Itev. .las. Murray, D. D. 
alius Tho Livingston University of America. 
Hopkinton, Moss. A, Joues Son. 
Indianapolis, Ind. Dime Distribution of 
ludianica, Marion Trust Co. 
LaCrosse, Wis, Jace Marks. 
Lansing, Iowa. A. B. Benuiugton & Co. 
alias Jace Marks. 
Laramie City, Wyo. I). V. Benton, John 
W. Magee. 
Lincoln, Ill. The Agoute’ Guide; Guide 
Publishing Co. 
Louisville, Ky. France & Co., R. M. Board- 
man, Commonwealth Distribution Co., Frank¬ 
fort School Fund Lottery, W. Soott Glare, 
Kentucky State Lottery. 
Ladonia, Tex , Austin, Tex. J. O'. Wilson 
alias A. J. C. Wilson, J. W. Winslow. 
Mount Winaus, Md. H. H. Hull alias 
United States Agency. 
Marshall, Mich. Shertnau & Co. 
Mechanics’ Falls, Mo. T. B. Swan alias 
Eastern Manufacturing Co. 
Madison, Wis. Geo. S. Stickles & Co, alias 
Agents' Supply Co., Copper Patch Plate Oo., 
Nonsuch Washing Compound, U. S. Too Co., 
Western Manuf’g Co. 
Mount. Pulaski, III, Union Novelty Co. 
Niles, Mich. (’lias. A. Collins. 
New Haven, Conn. Star Publishing Co. 
New Orleans, La. Boruio & Bro., S. Gar¬ 
cia. Jorda & Puig. 
Normal, 111. Western Card Co. 
Nuwtou, Muss. Magnetic Watch Co. 
New York. N. Y. H. D. P. Allen. H. A. 
Burtnetfc, Clark & Co., alias Silver Minina- 
PRIZE ESSAY.— Class V, 
so tar as pork - producing is concerned, 
than there is between the breeds 
themselves. Inherited tendencies and habits 
are very strong. In the hands of 
one farmer a breed of swine may become so 
accustomed to scanty living, that it will be 
impossible for another rnau, a generous feeder, 
to take their offspring and make them fat. If 
pigs are bred with the inteutlon of getting 
them to mature early, and fatten easily ou 
good, rich food, it will be folly to expect them 
to do well without such food. It is plain, 
therefore, that there is something beside the 
mere name of the breed to be considered. At 
the same time, there is a marked difference in 
the possibilities and adaptations of tho various 
breeds. 
It has been thoroughly demonstrated by 
practical men, that the small breeds mature 
earlier, require less food to maintain the sys¬ 
tem, and therefore produce more pork for the 
food consumed than the larger breeds. 
It is a question, however, principally of tho 
appetite of the individual pigs; the ouo hav¬ 
ing the largest appetite gains tho most. Ex¬ 
perience has shown that pure-blooded pig*are 
not the most profitable pork producers. Be¬ 
side the greater first cost, they lack the more 
vigorous constitution of the common hog. 
This is remedied by crossing a pure bred boar 
upon a common sow of good points, particu¬ 
larly a small breed boar upon a 
CATALOGUES. ETC., RECEIVED, 
**. w. Boss & Co., Fulton, N. Y., u 48-page 
catalogue, uicely printed and illustrated, 
showiug all the styles and sizes of ensilage und 
fodder cutters, made by this old firm, from the 
baby No. O., cutting just enough for two 
horses or cows, to tho Mammoth Giant, No. 26, 
having four knives each 26 inches long, and 
capable of easily cutting 15 tons per hour. 
All these cutters have an upward cut which, 
tho manufacturers claim, makes them much 
less liable to take in and cut stones, and other 
injurious things; tho larger sizes also have 
loose fly-wheels, which contribute greatly to 
safety in case of accident. The construction 
of the machiuos and manner of attaching the 
carrier for cut-feed, are also shown. The cata¬ 
logue also states several points as claims of 
superiority; but as wo have no space to repeat 
them, we advise those interested to send for 
the circular. 
New Jersey, though geographically classed 
among the small States, is proving to be among 
the foremost in all things likely to benefit 
her inhabitants, and as the most important 
class in any Btuto is the worker class, 
the bone aud sinew of the commonwealth, 
New Jersey is devoting careful attention to 
the condition and wants of this class, and seek¬ 
ing how she can best advance their position. 
We are in receipt, through tho kindness of 
Mr. James Bishop (Trenton, N. J j, of tho 
Sixth Annual Report of the Bureau of Sta¬ 
tistics of Labor and Industries, for the year 
ending Oct. 81, 1888. This is a compendium 
of statistics of labor, manufactures, wages 
paid, expenses of living, and savings or losses 
of the laborers. A chapter is devoted to 
strikes, their cause aud prevention. There is 
a chapter on thesilk industry; another on clay 
and its products; uuother on glass making, 
and a short one on the sorghum industry. 
Minard Harder, Cobleskill, N. Y. Cata¬ 
logue aud circulars of the Empire Agricultu¬ 
ral Works, showing the various horse-powers, 
thrashers, clover-hullers. wood saws, fanning 
mills, etc., made by this old and reliable house, 
which, by many years of fair dealings, has 
made for itself au enviable record 
large sow. 
The resulting pigs, while retaining the vigor of 
Hie mother, have the tendoncy to early matu¬ 
rity aud eusy fattening of the father, and, 
thus constituted, are the pigs for the farmer. 
The sow ought to he large, healthy, broad 
across the back, aud not really coarse, quiet 
and gentle, and possessing the biggest kind 
of au appettite. She ought to have all she can 
eat from the hour she is born, and should never 
be used to breed from unless she knows how to 
eat as a pig should. The boar must have all 
the good qualities of the sow (excepting siao), 
especially tho appetite, and, besides, possess 
the full thoroughbred blood which will enable 
him to transmit the valuable characteristics 
of his breed to his offspring. The best breed 
for this purpose is the Small Yorkshire. If 
practicable, breed your own boars from thor¬ 
oughbred stock; then you cau control qual¬ 
ities which are not directly connected with 
the blood. If you cannot do so, know the 
boar you buy, and what he will do. Breed¬ 
ing hogs should always have ample room for 
exercise. They must be well fed, and will get 
too fat without plenty of opportunity to use 
up some in exercise. Fattening pigs, on the 
contrary, should have as little as will keep 
them healthy. 
Take good care of the sow when about to 
pig. Remember the value of warmth to both 
her and the little ones, and make her quarters 
proof against cold and draughts. Let her food 
be mild and laxative for some days before 
her litter is expected. Do not disturb her dur¬ 
ing parturition, but be at hand where you can 
render assistance if needed. 
For the first week after farrowing feed the 
sow ail the lukewarm milk she will drink. 
When the litter is a week old they should be 
persuaded to drink a little milk from a suit¬ 
able trough, placed where the sow cannot 
reach it. The drain upon a sow bv a litter of 
strong pigs with the right kind of appetites is 
prodigious, and by the second week richer 
food, in the shape of a quart of corn meal to 
one quart of oat meal or wheat middlings, and 
all scalded until cooked, in plenty of water, 
should be added to each mess. Coax her to 
eat all she oan hold. With each day's growth 
These 
machines are of all sizes, and the two-horse 
size is well fitted for farmers in dairy districts 
who rake a moderate amount of grain; for, 
by its use, they can thrash theirown grain du¬ 
ring the Winter, and thus have the straw fresh 
aud bright, iu the finest condition for feeding 
to stock, and bright, well-kept straw, is worth, 
as a feed, half as much as good hay. An im¬ 
provement in these machines, dictated both 
by common sense and humanity, is a water- 
