464 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
very early, of Strigosus blood, yet as large as 
the Marlboro. a. b. C. 
[As regards the Murlboro, it may be Faid 
that we were the first to test it outside of the 
originator’s grounds, and that it has proven 
with us of sturdy growth, productive, and ex¬ 
ceedingly promising in the same soil and plot 
with Superb, Bansell, Gregg, Soubegan, etc. 
Eds.] __ 
COAL-ASHES FOR INSECT PESTS. 
I have found hard coal-ashes to be a sure 
preventive of the destruction of squash vines 
by the striped bug, and also of radishes, cab¬ 
bage and turnips by the turnip beetle. I ap¬ 
ply them with a flower sieve as soon as the 
plants commence to come through the ground, 
and every few days thereafter early in the 
morning while the dew is on. They should 
also be applied after every rain. 
Wheaton, Ill. w. h. w. 
farm Cjconoimj. 
A CHEAP SILO. 
I think this plan will nearly explain itself. 
For the convenience of tilling, the root should 
be made in sections of about five feet, so as 
to lie tulccu off when the silo is being tilled, 
and it should be made as light as regard for 
safety will permit. The form ol the rafters 
at the bottom will prevent it from blowing 
off, and after Oiling there should be a three-cor- 
nercd cleat fastened to the barn, to hold the top 
down and help to keep out the rain. Over the 
front of each section, there must, be a batten 
about four inches wide, fastened only on one 
side of the joint. There should be a half inch 
iron rod across the center, to prevent spread¬ 
ing when weighted; this should be arranged 
so that it can be taken out while the silo is 
being filled, and a brace should be put on out¬ 
side during the operation. If the silo is filled 
I Ground Plan. 
10x28 feet Inside, 
End Wall of Barn. 
Labor and nails on rough lumber, at *10 per m.. 11 00 
Labor and nailB on matched lumber, at $7.50.... 23.2o 
Total. .* 9f>28 
Onandaga Co., N. Y. e. t. hayden. 
. •» ♦ »- 
A CORN CRIB. 
Fig. 222 is the plan of a corn-crib which, is 
large enough to hold 100 bushels for each foot 
in bight. Narrow cril>s are preferable to 
wide ones. The general complaint against 
wide cribF. is that, if the corn is cribbed while 
it is wet, it will mold in the center of the 
crib. The dotted lines adjoining one of the 
cribs, represent a box with a lid, projecting 
from the bottom of tbe crib. A section of 
the box is shown at Fig. 1. If the corn in 
both cribs is to be fed, it would be better to 
put a box on each crib; blit if the corn is to be 
taken to market, it would be more convenient 
to have at the bottom of the crib, several 
doors, binged at the top and fastened down 
with pins in the floor, as shown in Fig. 8. 
When the corn is to be taken to market, open 
one of the doors by drawing the pin from the 
floor; raise the door up and fasten it. The 
corn will fall out on the floor, and may then 
be scooped into the wagon. 
We are indebted to Mr. Samuel Shull, of 
Montgomery Co., Ohio, for the above plan 
and description. 
mm?: , m 
Manshury Barley.— Prof. W. A. Henry, 
of the Wisconsin Ag. Ex. Station, kindly 
sends us the following history of this variety 
of barley, about the origin of which we have 
made Inquiries: 
In the private records of the Experimental 
Farm for 1872, is the following entry: “Man- 
bor’s broke through the fence and destroyed the crop- 
The next year I found not a few of the plants that 
had been trampled, growing vigorously among grass 
and weeds a* a proof of Its hardlne«j,and concluded 
tosend for seed again, to compare It with other kinds 
recommended for soil similar to ours, the two rowed 
and six rowed varieties from Peru, the Berberry, 
from Nopaul, Australia, Spain, Denmark, England ; 
the Chevalier, etc..more than a dozen sort*, of which 
only the Mandschurcy and Victoria proved worthy 
of cultivation. From one pound ot seed of each I 
raised K* buahel ot Mandschurey. one bushel of 
Victoria'both six-rowedi and a peck or less of the 
rest. The victoria was more white with a silvery 
shine, the Mandschurey darker, with olive or walnut 
green pigment. Two years later I sent a sample to 
your University,! advertised the merit* in one or 
two papers, and farmers from neighboring town) 
and counties commenced to sow It exclusively. Hol¬ 
sters declared It superior for malt, but merchants 
and brewers found It In their Interest, at the expense 
of the farmers to depreciate It for stained color, 
which Induced farmers to cut It before the nnturul 
color Is developed, and cause* loss In weight and 
price, and may be degeneration. Tills Is the history 
of Mandschurey barley so far a* my experience goes. 
Mr. Grunow’s farm was the first center for 
the dissemination of this seed; the University 
Experimental Farm proved the second; the 
third was the Agricultural Department at 
Washington. 
In regard to tbe spelling of the name of this 
barley, the reader will notice that there are 
several ways already given in this report. 
Prof. Daniells in his original entry, spells it 
Manshury; the Agricultural Department at 
Washington has it Mensury, while Dr. Gru- 
now writes it Mandschurey. 
A letter to Dr. Grunow upon this matter 
brought the following reply: 
Mipruv, May 1C, IHR4. 
W. A. Henry. Prof, of Agriculture. Madison. Wls. 
Dr au Sra:-ln answer to yours, I can sny that the 
barley was first Introduced into Germany, and re 
commended under the name Mandschurcl or Maud- 
schurcy, from the country where It was found (the 
north western part Of the Chinese Empire.) In Gor 
man geographies and maps It l> spelled Mamlsehurcd 
(or ey i, or called Amurland orTungu«Ion. In German 
It would not be Incorrect to use Mandshury or el, 
and omit the <f. If I erroneously used Mandshury or 
Manshury, I thought It was the English expression 
for Manschoor. Yours, h. grunow. 
Studs 2x10. 
£. 2 Feet Between Centres. 
o 
Barn Siding- 
Barn Sidi 
Silo. Fig. 221. 
to the top of the plate, the weight will settle 
it about to A, if the contents are thoroughly 
trodden down while filling, and therefore the 
liniug on the inside of the barn and tbe saw¬ 
dust filling need not go any higher. All the 
covering, except the roof and the lining up to 
A, may be good, sound, square-edged hemlock 
boards, neither planed nor matched, I have 
put the labor at present carpenters’ wages, 
which are very high. 
If the barn should stand on a basement wall, 
it would be only necessary to plaster the wall 
on the outside if it is true, and muke out the 
hight above the wall in this way on the barn 
side. If it were not for this form of roof, it 
would be necessary to go at least five feet 
higher to give room to tread down the silage. 
I have said nothing about the foundations: 
a trench dug below the frost one foot wide, 
filled with concrete, is best. It should be a lit¬ 
tle widest at the bottom, so that the frost can¬ 
not heave the walls; or the building may be 
put on posts, and the air excluded by banking 
on the outside. 
Drainage, so that no water can get into it 
more than the little that may leak through 
the roof, is absolutely necessary; this, the ex¬ 
clusion of air, cutting the silage fine (one-third 
of an inch), and sufficient weight will secure 
good silage. I have found 1,000 pounds to 
the square yard sufficient weight. 
Most of this labor can be done by any good 
farm hand of ordinary ingenuity, if he has a 
carpenter with him. 
BILL OF TIMBER. 
Hemlock. Ft- 
14 studH for barn, 12 foet, 2x3. 224 
24 studs for silo, (3 feet, 2x10... 620 
1 sill for «11o, 8.1 root :lxiu . 75 
2 sills for silo, 17 feet, :ixl(i. 80 
1 plain for silo, SOfeet 8x10...... 75 
2 plates for silo, 12 fivt, 2x10. 40 
4 scantling, 12 foot, 8x4. 48 
Total..., . 1,042 
BILL FOR ROOF. 
Spruce. Ft. 
12 rafters, 12 feet Iona, l(*x?. 1U5 
24 roof joists, 5 feet long, 1 ( 4 x 6 . 90 
Total . 195 
8.100 feet of matched spruce boards. 
1.100 feet of hemlock, at $18.50.$14.85 
105 feet of rough sprucejat $15.80... . 1.58 
8.100 feet of spruce, planed and matched, at $1S. 45.80 
sbury Barley: Seed from H. Grunow, Esq., f 
Mifflin, Iowa Co., Wisconsin. A six-rowed 
variety; 14 pounds sown,” etc. This reeord 
was made by Prcf. W. W. Daniells, then in 
charge of tbe Experimental Farm, who re¬ 
ceived the seed from Mr. Grunow. Prof. Dan- 
iclls continued to grow and disseminate this 
variety along with the other seeds until he 
gave up charge of the farm in 1880. Upon as¬ 
suming charge of tbe farm, since the record 
showed excellent fields for the Manshury 
barley, it was decided to tabulate the yield for 
the several years during which it had been 
grown, in order that a comparison might be 
drawn with other varieties. The yields of tbe 
five best varieties of barley that have been 
grown on the farm since 1870, are shown in the 
following table: 
It would seem best to hold to the name used 
by Prof. Daniells, and under which most of 
the barley has been distributed, viz., Man¬ 
shury. 
As to the yield of the Manshury barley in 
comparison with other varieties, reports have, 
as a rule, been very favorable, the only other 
variety that approaches it being the Scotch. 
The reports received have been very numer¬ 
ous, but only a few will be here quoted, to 
show how it is regarded in various parts of 
Comcnb 4-K X 2. 8 
/ FiTu \\ 
. Floor, //X 28 / 
Variety. 
Manshury . 
chevalier.. 
Common 
Scotch .. 
Saxoninn.. 
Probsiler . 
Yields In bushels of 43 pounds each ~ 
In the year. ®» 
r) -N K 'f Irt « CC PS 
1 •» (- i — r— r- 1- l- It ffl 
ODOOOOOCCOOOa^GO co 00 
Corncrib 
R.N-Y. 
.. 82.7!18.K20.^fl0.W9.8 65.066.3 57.2 88.8 '2.9 
4 S. 5 ft 6 . 4 L?. • 10.2| ..., 9.244.858.1 SM.... 30.7 
. .,'20 0 34.113.4 14.»'29.fi':04.7••i.8'44.5 66.9 39.9 
45.922.226.5t2C.545.0-19.4 12- ’Ui.fi 3. 8 ... 3ft.4 
Fig. 2, 
45.9 22.226.5 26 
ril.4i23.2j. ...I.. 
57.841.4j#i.4 59.0113.0 
Finding that parties were advertising this 
barley as originating in Canada, without giv¬ 
ing the University or Mr. Grunow any credit 
for the work, it was thought best to look up 
the history a little more carefully. The fol¬ 
lowing letter from Mr. Grunow shows where 
tbe seed came from to him: 
Mifflin, Iowa Co., Wls., Jan. IB, 1884. 
Dear Sir:-I n answer to year request of January 
8, about Mandschurey Burley. I can state that while 
,u Germany, In the Spring ofl.861, Ferdinand Due-hike, 
of Erfurt, at present director of the Agricultural 
School at Potsdam, aud gardener to the Emperor at 
Sans Som'l, advised me to try a variety of barley 
which a scK-utlflc traveler had found in the moun¬ 
tainous parts of Eastern Ada i Mandschurey). about 
1359. and which had proved on trial to exceed the 
crop of any other variety and to be No. 1 for brew¬ 
ing purposes. In the first year of my experiment 
with about two pounds of the seed. It excelled all 
varieties I had before seen, in formation of roots, 
stems, leaves and ears, but the cattle from a neigh 
Corn Crib. Fig. 222. 
Wisconsin:—Isaac Clark, Galesville, states 
that when sowed side by Bide on the same day, 
the Manshury yielded one-half more than the 
common barley that he had usually sowed. J. 
F. Wegner, of Horicon. Dodge County, raised 
60 bushels per acre on eight acres. Wm. Van 
Waters, of West Salem, LaCrosse County, 
harvested 680 bushels from 15 acres. J. K. P. 
Porter, of Cooksville, Rock County, harvested 
2,350 bushels from 100 bushels of seed sown. 
Herbert Bliss, of Sheboygan, Sheboygan 
County, raised 150 bushels on acres. 
Such is the history of this barley, so far as 
we can write it. The credit of introduction 
and dissemination should be duly given to 
those to whom the honor is due, rather than 
to our Canadian friends, who raise good bar¬ 
ley, but did not originate the Manshury. 
Prof. Henry, of the Wisconsin Ag. Ex. 
Station, made a careful series of experiments 
to ascertain how seed potatoes had better be 
cut, if cut at all. The best, yields were obtain¬ 
ed from whole potatoes of “good size;” the 
next from tbe stem end; the next from the 
seed end; the next from the “ ordiuary cut;” 
the next from what he calls Dr, Sturtevant’s 
cut; the uext from thick parings of the skin, 
and tbe least yield from thin parings. By 
“ordinary” cut is meant that the potatoes, 
are cut to one eye without regard to the di¬ 
rection of the cut. The “ thick parings ” left 
only one third of the flesh of the tuber. Tbe 
parings were cut to one eye, and this was 
thought to be directly the opposite of Dr. 
Sturtevant’s method, which has been fully 
described in these colutnus, and experimented 
upon at the Rural Grouuds. One-third of 
the potato was taken for the seed-end, and two- 
thirds for the stem-end. It will be seen that 
from this test, as from our own, there is more 
of ingenuity than of value in Dr. Sturtevaut’s 
method, which consbt?, in short, in having the 
flesh of each eye cut through the center of 
the potato. _ 
Adulteration of French Wines.— Eng¬ 
lish tourists in Paris are generally delighted 
with tbe cheapness of the wine, but their sat¬ 
isfaction would be a good deal tempered if 
they always know its ingredients. The fol¬ 
lowing is the recipe for wine for the Parisian 
market: “ Pour into a cask a quantity of 
water, to which add potato juice, barley 
juice, sugar, yeast, vinegar, cream of tartar, 
violet roots, elder blossoms, bleaching liquid, 
and glycerine. Vary the names of the wines 
according to the different proportions in which 
the ingredients are used.” We certain]}' do 
not wonder that the Government is consider 
ing what further steps it can take to check 
the growing habit of making wine without 
the interference of the grape. 
-»»« 
Inequality of Prices. —The disparity of 
the price of grain and that of beef, hog pro¬ 
ducts, poultry and dairy products, is remarka¬ 
ble. The price of wheat is not greater than 
it was a half a century ago, while that of live 
stock is double what it was even 30 years ago, 
says the St. Louis Republican. Even greater 
has been the increase of the price of butter, 
cheese, poultry and eggs. This inequality is 
owing no doubt, in part, tb changed methods 
of cultivation, but it is still abnormal, and 
cannot continue as a fixed condition of things. 
Dried Corn fodder and Ensilage —At 
the New Jersey Experiment Station dried 
corn-fodder was tested with ensilage, and the 
following conclusions were reached: 1. Green 
fodder corn dried in shocks was preserved as 
well as that in a silo. 2. Dried fodder-corn 
cut and crushed was eaten with as little waste 
as silage. 8. In three cases out of four the 
quantity of milk was not increased by silage. 
The quantity of food given was in each case 
the same, as shown by analyses; 18 percent, of 
dry matter was lost in preserving green fod¬ 
der-corn; the loss was the same whether the 
corn was packed in a silo or shocked for 
drying. 
-»«« 
SHORT AND FRESH. 
Milk and Cream. —We are gleaniug very 
many bright ideas from the late report of the 
New Jersey State Board of Agriculture. Prof. 
Newton said that he did not wish to do any¬ 
thing, to add anything to the annual talk 
about milk; but be felt it to be his duty to 
read a few statistics in connection with the 
matter. This he did. and the figures showed 
that iu 1879 a can of milk per day for the year 
was worth $340.60; iu 1880, $410, and In 1883 
$474.80, and at the same time the quality of 
tbe milk had improved..... 
Carp-raising is a success at the Kansas 
State Ag. College, aud that it may be made a 
success elsewhere, with a small expenditure of 
time, labor and money, seems clearly proved 
by its experiment; and that, with ponds ar 
ranged as are those at the College, other kinds 
of fish than carp may be profitably raised, 
seems equally patent... 
Charles Downing says, in the N. Y. Tri¬ 
bune, that a great deal of canned fruit is pre¬ 
pared when quite hard and unripe, which 
makes it look inviting, but it does not com¬ 
pare iu quality with that which is put up ripe. 
Sugar when cooked with fruit renders it hard 
and indigestible; but the practice, now bap. 
pily coming into use, of usiDg no sugar when 
canning, but adding it when put upon the 
table, is a great improvement. 
Whatever explanation is to be given of 
the fact, it remains a fact that the Short-horn 
