482 
THE BUBAL NEW-YOBKEB. 
JULY 26 
jacent counties are equally fortunate. Tbe 
change during the past three weeks has been 
really wonderful. It seems a long and some¬ 
what cool season is beneficial. From what we 
can learn, fields will yield 25 to 85 hushels per 
acre. Rains and heat have just made the 
corn jump, and it- is now about equal to tbe 
average year. Gt& 88 anil vegetables are fine. 
Castor Beans in small acreage, farmers being 
afraid of the crushing combinations. J. B. 
Louisiana 
Colli nsburg, July 8 —The Rubai, Gar¬ 
den Treasures have done well, some being 
very beautiful. Wheat and oats did not do 
well: had they been planted in the Fall, they 
would have been better. [They were Fall 
varieties.—E ds.] Corn did remarkably well, 
maturing very early with ears of good size. 
Will save it all to plant next year. d. a. d. 
Maryland. 
Wkstovkr, Somerset Co., July 10.—After 
having an abundance of rain, we are now 
having cool weather, clear and bright, de¬ 
lightful for all out-door work The whistle 
aud hum of the steam thrasher* are heard in 
every direction, getting out the wheat harvest, 
which promises a very fair yield. Oats have 
been improved wonderfully by the recent 
rains Corn is looking well; some fields are 
commencing to tassel. Large quantities of 
potatoes are being shipped; also small fruits, 
of which i here is an unusually large supply. 
To give an idea of the production of our 
section, on Tuesday last th morning freight 
train left our station with 88 loaded cars of 
produce, consisting chiefly of potatoes, grain, 
berries, apple* and tomatoes These were all 
gathered within a distance of 14 miles, that 
being the distance of the terminus of the road 
below t his point, there being no brunches or 
feeders to the road below. An average of 
two car loads of produce por mile we think 
very good for a comparatively new country. 
s. o. ». 
1>Ihn«ucIi ii setts, 
Holland, Hampden Co., July 7.—Crops 
are looking nice now. We have had large 
showers recently, and shall get a fair crop of 
hay, if the farmers will wait aud let it grow. 
w. s. W. 
Mltsourl. 
Carthage, Jasper Co., July 7.—Everything 
is on the boom. Crops of all kinds are doing 
well. Wheat all in the shock. Crop fully up 
to the average; yield promises to be verj large 
and the quality of the very best kind. But 
little stacking has been done, owing to the 
heavy rain* of last week. Oats are now ready 
for the sickle, and the crop is good. Corn i« 
doing its level best. Vegetables of all kinds 
are good. Apples, 50 per cent, of a crop. 
Peaches, none. The R. N.-Y. Pea did well, 
and was tit to use in C6 days from planting; 
bight of vlue, three feet. The Hereford's Market 
Garden Pen was very productive, and about 
the same in season with us as McLean’s Little 
Gem. The Black Champion Oats have not 
done very well for me. I gave t hem garden 
soil, hut they have made rather a poor growth 
aud seem to be late. The Rural Union Corn 
was planted April lfi, and is no* in silk. The 
tomato plants are doing well. The Garden 
Treasure seeds I gave to my daughter and she 
planted them, aud now most of them are in 
full bloom and are very pretty. \v. c. D. 
Nebraska. 
Washington, Harlan Co., July 1—I sowed 
the R. N.-Y. Peas on April 10, and harvested 
them the first ot last week. The Horsford’s 
are just right to cook. The Champion O tts 
are not headed yet; they are rank in growth 
and promise well. My wife has a fine bed of 
flowers from the Rural seeds. The Uniou 
Corn is just ready to tassel out aud is about 
three feet high; it looks well; planted May 
15th. My Blush and White Elephant Potatoes 
blossomed at the same time with the 
Early Rose, planted April 7th. Blush was 
plat!tod April Pith The wheat and rye I shall 
plant t his Fall. People have begun to cut rye; 
wheat will be ready to cut next week. All 
crops are heavy in this county and promise a 
bountiful harvest. Wheat is the principal 
crop, though there are some barley and oats. 
Cora is looking well, aud if the hot winds of 
July and August do not scorch it, it will be a 
good crop. G. m p. 
New Jersey. 
Elmer, Salem Co., July 9. — The receut 
sti>i in of wind and raiu did considerable dam 
age to wheat. My peach trees came through 
without having a limb broken, thanks to 
close pruning w hile young, and a vigorous 
shortening iu the Spring. My neighbor was 
not so fortunate; he let all tin? wood tnat. his 
trees had made, remain, and, like miue, they 
were heavily laden with fruit, but it was on 
long limbs, which rendered them an easy 
prey to the w ind, ami his trees are ruined 
while 1 tearing their first crop. r w, 8. 
New York. 
Bortvjlle, Cattaraugus Co., July 5.—I 
planted the Cleveland Rural New-Yorker Pea 
May 2fltta; to day there are pods large enough 
to pick for table use—just 40 days from plant¬ 
ing. They were in blossom in 20 days from 
planting. On April 27th. 1 planted D. M 
Ferry’s Extra Early Kent Peas, and on June 
27t,h, 1 bod peas for dinner, picked from the 
vine*. These were frozen twice before blos¬ 
soming. which must have put them lock 
somewhat. They beat anything I ever plant¬ 
ed before. 1 notice t hat to decide on the ear¬ 
liness of peas, they should be planted after 
the ground is thoroughly warmed; say in the 
latter part of May, in this locality, in order to 
ripen in the shortest time from planting. 
Tbe same varieties planted in t he latter part, 
of May, will ripen from five to teu days soon¬ 
er from planting than if planted the latter 
part of April, a* they will come up three to 
eight days sooner than the early planted. 
G. w .P. 
South Carolina? 
Aiken, Aiken Co., July 7.—With three ex¬ 
ceptions. it has rained daily for three weeks. 
The rain is now pouring down, and grass is 
over-running everything. Although we had 
a heavy crop of peaches, they proved a loss on 
account of rot. s c s. 
Virginia. 
Hampdkn Sydney Colle jk, Prince Ed¬ 
ward Co., July «.—The grass crop was good; 
wheat an average crop; winter oats a very 
good crop; spring oats also good; a large crop 
of tobacco has been planted, and it is growing 
finely. The corn crop on low grounds will 
probably lie light on account of too much 
rain Vegetables of all kinds are growing 
finely. We had our first meas of Rural Toma¬ 
toes to day. Some of t hem are very fine, and 
1 have saved some seed. The Surprise Wheat 
has done well this season, some heads having 
as many as 80 grains. The Shumaker and 
Fultzo Clawson have done quite well. The 
Black bearded Centennial is not of much ac¬ 
count, except as a curiosity. The Black 
Champion Oats are too late for this climate. 
H. c. 
Wisconsin, 
Plover, Portage Co., July 8.—Small grains 
and corn are unusually promising all over this 
sectiou. A good deal of the corn is from 
waist to shoulder-high. Grass generally very 
light. Potatoes good; bugs innumerable; not 
the usual amouut of land in potatoes. Small 
fruits are almost a total failure. Long, cold 
east aud nort h east w inds early iu Spring, and 
frost last of May, have destroyed 19 SOths of 
berries, and those vines that were the most 
carefully kept clean aud free from runners 
have suffered most. When the snow went off 
the beds could not have looked better. Rasp¬ 
berries that were nicely trimmed and tied up, 
all died down mid have sprouted from the 
roots. My Blush Potat oes are doing splendid¬ 
ly. The Shumaker Wheat, is changing color 
—it is admired by all who see it. 1 sowed the 
Black bearded Centennial September 10— 
what little 1 had—the same day as the Shu¬ 
maker. 1 had no faith in it. One plant lived 
through the Winter; it has four heads. The 
length must be enormous—must be 5J£ or six 
inches. Have sowed one pound of Saskatche¬ 
wan Wheat and two pounds of Scotch Fife. 
Both are beautiful, and give promise of a fine 
yield. My Welcome Oats are a wonder to all 
beholders I sowed 10 ounces which I raised 
last season. ) am more and more delighted 
with the Rural Go right ou, my brother, 
with your grand work. Like many other 
poor, superannuated preachers, it is very sDUg 
work for me to live. Old ago aud disease , 
make it very hard for me to work; but while 
my life is spared I want the Rural aud shall i 
have it, if 1 possibly can get it c s. 
FRUIT QUERIES, ETC. 
liber, Falls Church, Fa,—1. 1 am establish¬ 
ing an experimental vineyard on a plot of 
laud with an eastern ex|>osuro. What is the 
best fertilizer to use? 2. 1 purchase sulphate 
of |K)tail), dissolved S. C. Rock (acid phos 
pliate), dissolved bone aud plaster, and 
mix my own fertilizer. What do 1 need in 
addition to the above! Would muriate of 
potash be better than sulphate because of the 
suit which it contains? 8 What implement is 
used in applying kerosene emulsion, aud whut 
is its price? 4 Will one or two buudfuls of 
wood ashes around the base of squash vines 
prevent the attacks of the borer? 5 Would 
not ‘ Lawford’s Cold Water Dip” he good for 
spraying trees! It is a good insecticide. fi. 
What is the best chemical fertilizer for grow¬ 
ing German Millet 7 Should a scythe be 
grouud all ou one side, like a chisel, or ou 
both, like a knife, aud should it be held so 
that the stone marks will run toward or from 
the heel? 
Ans.— 1. Ashes and bone dust are specific 
manures for grapes. 2. l he mixture named 
would induce strong growth, and, we think, 
would be better for fruiting vines without the 
plaster, and we should greatly prefer the sill 
pbate to muriate of potm-h. 8, Tbe Wooda- 
son Bellows; it is sold by all the leading 
seedsmen Two kinds are made, one for dry 
powder, the other for applying liqnid. There 
is a reservoir to hold the fluid, so placed that, 
by working the bellows the wind, in its rapid 
passage, causes a partial vacuum and the 
liquid arises and is caught by tbe current of 
air and forced out in a cloud of spray. Brice 
$2 00. 4. We think uot; but it would cause a 
strong, rapid growth, aud thus aid tbe plants 
to overcome the Injury. Rome experiments 
are beingmade a! the New York Experimental 
Station to ascertain if there is any liquid or 
anything that will by being offensive or for 
any other cause, keep the borers away; but so 
far, we think, no sure preventive has been 
found. 5 We hope you will try the experi¬ 
ment and report results. 0. The one you pre¬ 
pare for corn, with a few pounds of nitrate of 
soda added. 7, Scythes arc made in two ways, 
what arc called “half set’’ aud “full set'’. 
Tbe “full set” has the part from the crease 
towards the edge turned so that if a straight 
edge was placed on the back and edge it would 
rest on the face of the scythe as far back us 
the crease; in the “half set” the straight, edge 
would only touch the back aud edge, and if 
placed on either side it would be found that 
the “web” was carried back so that, if con¬ 
tinued, it would strike in the middle of the 
back. The “full set” should all be ground 
ou the under side. The “half sot” should bo 
ground equally on both, and, of course, the 
thinner it is grouud. provided the steel is good, 
the easier it will cut. 
A SORELY AFFLICTED MARE. 
A. /?., Oshilovsa, Iowa, One of my mare* 
had nearly got over an attack of “distemper” 
when she began to run at the nose very freely 
aud broke out under the jaws, whore the sores 
ran for three days, and then dried up. On the 
day this happened 1 had worked her a little, 
and then turned her into the pasture, where 
she remained all night, and in the morning 
her nigh hind leg and one of her front legs 
began to swell, and soon all her legs aud un¬ 
der her chest were swollen. Two days later 
one of her eyes looked red, aud a few hours 
afterwards “it was gone.” Then her nose be¬ 
gan to swell, and she could hardly breathe. 
About a week afterwards sores appeared all 
over her legs, exuding horrible matter aud 
smelling terribly. As it wus warm weather, 
the blow 1 flies got ou her, aud soon maggots 
teemed in the sores. Turpentine, carbolic 
acid, and every other thing we could think of 
were used iu vain. When the swelliug in the 
nose had gone down, a couple of “hunches” 
appeared there, and ou opening them a lot of 
blood and other matter flowed out Fiually 
she died. What ailed her, and how should 
she have been treated? 
ANSWERED BY PROF K. 1,. Kit,BORN, CORNELL 
UNIVERSITY. 
The fust stage of the disease was due form 
of “horse distemper," more specifically knowu 
as strangles. From this attack the mare 
ought to have recovered with such simple 
treatment as keeping in u light, well-ventil¬ 
ated stable, aud feeding ou soft, nutritious 
foods, with occasional hot brau mashes aud 
poultices, or warm fomentations to the throat 
to favor the formation of matter. Inasmuch 
as the throat broke aud rati freely aud the 
animal was recovering, it is more than likely 
that the second attack was due either to over¬ 
work or to faults iu care aud feeding. The 
horse was at this time very susceptible to any 
cause which tended to deplete the already 
weakened system. The second attack was 
what is known to veterinarians as Burpura 
linemotrhagiea, an erruptive, non contagious, 
intermittent lever, w hich not uncommonly fol¬ 
lows strangles or other forms ot "horse distem¬ 
per,” especially where there has been exposure, 
overwork, close, ill ventilated stables, or lack 
of proper care and good, nutritious food, 
Judging from the severity of the symptoms 
at the outset, there was little or no hope fur 
i the case iu question. The projicr treatment 
would have been a course of diuretics, espe¬ 
cially such as would remove water from the 
blood,together with hitter tonicsuud anodynes, 
according to the condition and needs of the 
patient. Tbe swellings should have been 
buthed freely with astringent and antiseptic 
solutions. To successfully treat the severe 
forms of Burpura litemorrbagica requires a 
skilled practitioner. Had *uch beeu at hand, 
the life of the horse might possibly have beeu 
saved. 
DAIRYING OR SHEEP HUSBANDRY—WHICHf 
,/. L. O., Wilmington, Del .—1 have charge 
of two farms, aud think ot changing one or 
both from dairying to sheep. It seems to be 
the opinion of our Delaware farmers that 
sheep are hard on land, eating too close or 
even pulling up the grass. 1 have 112 acres 
in excellent condition; would 200 sheep be 
too many for that? 
Ans. —We know so little about the land aud 
the surroundings that we can hardly advise. 
As a rule, milk dairying will pay better than 
permanently keeping sheep, as commonly 
followed. Sheep do bite tbe grass quite close, 
and if the laud is overstocked, they are quite 
apt to kiil out some of the best grasses; but 
kept as they should be, for instance, fed n 
grain ration every day, so as to be kept grow¬ 
ing, and sold as soon as n ature and fat, and 
their places supplied by others, sheep keeping 
near a large city can be made profitable and 
at the same time enrich the soil. But we 
think the most money could be made by our 
friend, were he to feed, each Winter, lambs 
coming one year old, buying them in the 
Fall, and putting them into good winter- 
quarters, aud feeding high on the hay grown, 
aud on plenty of grain, so as to make them 
fat by February or March. This will give 
abundance of manure, and insure large crops 
of grass aud grain. Money can also be made 
by feeding wethers, buying them as “stores” 
in the Fall and feeding during Winter. For 
thl* purpose a cross of one of the Down breeds, 
preferably the Shropshire, on common Merino 
ewes, would be a good sort With the present 
tariff, sheep husbandry in which wool grow¬ 
ing is t he chief object m view, will hardly pay 
ou high priced Eastern lands, except,perhaps, 
where small flocks are kept as "scavengers” 
ou a farm. On the cheap lands of the South¬ 
west and on tbe Plains it will still, doubtless, 
pay a good margin of profit. 
TANKAGE, ETC. 
II. M., Paris, Canada. —1. Is not packing 
house refuse, such as is made at the large 
packeries at Chicago, the basis of the artifi¬ 
cial fertilizers advertised iu the “States?” 2. 
What special element does the turnip crop 
take from the soil, aud how far does this fer 
tllizer meet tbe demand for it ? 3. A re Osgood 
& Co , Jones of Biughampton.nud the Chicago 
Scale Co, all of whom advertise in the 
Rural, reliable? 4. Are Ruta bagas used in 
tbe cities for any other purpose thau the table 
—for making jams and preserves, for ex¬ 
ample? 
Anh.— 1 This is what is sold as tankage, and 
is largely used by fertilizer manufacturers. 
It should be harrowed or cultivated into the 
surface soil. 2. Ruta bagas take from the 
soil, in every 100 pouud of their ashes, 51 
pounds of potash, 7 pounds of soda, 15 pounds 
of phosphoric acid, 10 pounds of lime, 8 
pounds of sulphuric acid and 5 pounds of 
Chlorine. Ill addition to the fertilizer you are 
using, we should recommend applying hard 
wood ashes liberally and salt at the rate of 800 
pouuds per acre. 3. Wo thiuk they are reli¬ 
able, ami will give you just what they agree. 
4. We thiuk there is very little, if any, use 
made of them except for the table. You must 
remember that if each person here were to eal 
but a single turnip iu a whole year, many 
thousand bushels would be needed to supply 
the demand. 
A PLUM ORCHARD. 
H. G., Hamburg, Conn.—I think of inclos¬ 
ing a half acre of ground through which runs 
a creek, and planting the place with plum 
trees aud using it as a heu yard, to keep the 
curculio in check. How far apart should the 
trees be planted; how many years will it be 
until they are likely to bear, and how many 
hens can J keep ou the ground, and should 
the trees be planted in Spring, or Fall ? 
Ans —Blum trees should be planted iu the 
Spring and not less than 14 feet, apart, so that 
the halt acre would aecoaimodate about 1U0 
trees. With good care, if fair-sized trees are 
planted, they will begin to have paying crops 
about six or seven year* alter planting. The 
half acre of laud would accommodate about 
300 heus, if carefully looked after and proper¬ 
ly fed. Whether they would effectually de¬ 
stroy the curculio or uot: they would be very 
efficient/ in keeping down the weeds aud iu 
helping to enrich the soil. There is great 
difference of opinion us to just how effectual 
poultry are as curculio destroyers, aud fur¬ 
ther careful tests are necessary. Should they 
fail, jarring is effectual and costs but a trifle. 
TOBACCO. 
G. F. H , Somers, Mich .—Which is the best 
tobacco for Michigan, and how is it cured for 
smoking? 
Ans —We thiuk the “Connecticut Seedleaf” 
is the most reliable for you. Tobacco is “top¬ 
ped” at from eight to 12 leaves high, aud after¬ 
wards carefully “suokered.” When “mature,” 
it is cut close to the ground, and after lying 
for a short time in the sun to wilt, is drawn to 
the house anil hung ou poles, tops downward. 
Here it dries slowly for several months. It is 
then in damp weather takou down, and put in 
large piles, uud as rapidly as possible it is 
“stripped"—the leaves are takeu off. Tne«e 
are placed iu “hands,” and closely tied with a 
