Vol. XLII1. No. 1801 
NEW YORK, AUGUST 2, J884 
PRICK FIVE CENTS. 
M.00 PER YEAR. 
[Entered aecordinR to Act of Congress, In the year 1884, by the Rural New-Yorker In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.! 
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Fuller, of Oaklauds, Ontario, Canada, and.is 
one of his most successful prize winners wher¬ 
ever shown. 
they also cause the production of potatoes of 
the very best quality. The prosperity of these 
farmers is shown by their commodious and 
handsome homes and their intelligence, as well 
as by theschool houses and churches which dot 
the valleys and crown the hills. 
other qualities in a herd of cows will always 
add to their value. 
What is the use of spending time to improve 
our native stock and make it thoroughbred, 
when we have such valuable breeds already 
perfected # Every one has not the means to 
purchase such stock. It is a commendable 
ambition to attempt to improve what one has, 
and the trying is very likely to be the founda¬ 
tion for Increased proiit. This is certainly the 
lesson taught in England, where many im¬ 
proved breeds havebeeu produced, it doesn’t 
take a fanner many years to show the in¬ 
creased value of his herds, and such improve¬ 
ment, by hotter prices fills his purse. One of 
my neighbors is now realizing the bonelit of 
this kind of forethought and care. Ho adopt¬ 
ed the line of breeding to improve his herd by 
using the best Jersey bulls, and has more than 
doubled the butter yield of his herd, and can 
sell all of his heifer calves when a few weeks 
old for $25 each. This is better than “dea¬ 
cons” or veals. 
JERSEY BULL, THALMA, 4288. 
T Fig. £18, this page, we present 
a lino likeness of the very valu- 
rfyjg L. able Jersey bull, Thalma, 4288. 
He is a solid silver gray, and is 
nafflfcU individually one of the most per- 
AKSkJ feet bulls living, and almost 
i Ova ought to be called pure St. 
Hellier 45, and is, one of his 
; best descendants, being so in- 
bred as to trace to him eight 
times. 
JOTTINGS AT KIRBY HOMESTEAD 
COL. F. D. CURTIS 
DUDE BREEDERS. 
It doesn't grieve roe that importers of Jer¬ 
seys lost money in the last combination sale 
in New York. It is time the furore about 
imported stock was dying out, aud the at¬ 
tention of Amorican farmers turned to the 
stock we have at borne. We have so many ex¬ 
cellent Jersey herds Mutt, it seems foolish not 
to patronize them. Some people—the dudes in 
stock breed lug—go crazy over imported stock. 
breeders’ skill; NATIVE THOROUGHBREDS. 
When a Jersey cow is in heat I always keep 
her from the others, thus avoiding accidents 
and securing more solid colors in the offspring. 
If she sees no animal but the male during and 
after service, the offspring will be more likely 
SUCCESSFUL SHEEP BREEDING. 
A short time ago I was in Washington 
County, N. Y., t.he great sheep county border¬ 
ing on Vermont, where Merino sheep are the 
leading industry. The sheep men feel rather 
gloomy over the prospects for wool, but, nev¬ 
ertheless, they are going to keep their flocks. 
They have kept sheep so long they feel as 
though they could not do without them, and, 
besides, they are just suited to the high hills 
with which the farms abound. The wool buy¬ 
ers offer 28 to29 cents; but the farmers Insist 
on 30, and those who have the delaine wool 
get it. This is Merino wool not less than two 
inches long, and the longer it is, the more de¬ 
sirable. Sheep enter into the routine of the 
He was bred by Dr. O. 
t 8. Hubbell, of Strutford, Conn., 
and was dropped August, 1879, 
so that ho is not yet five years 
old, yet cows of his get are 
showing remarkable udders, aud 
are milking from 18 to 16 quarts 
of milk per day. and promise to sustain tberep- 
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JERSEY BULL, THALMA, 4288. Fig. 238. 
t 
utation of this line of blood as butter produ¬ 
cers. His dam Nepheta, 9188, gave 18quarts of 
milkperday with her iirstcalf.aud hasmade Ifl 
pounds of butter per week. Her dam, lantbe, 
45ti2, gave 24 quarts of milk per day, and at 
12 years of age made 18 pounds of butter per 
week. Nepheta's g’dam, Pyola, made 14% 
pounds of butter per week. Every female 
ancestor of Thalma for four generations has a 
record of from 14% to 18 pounds of butter. 
In addition to his claim for celebrity by 
reasons of his blood, he is also one of the 
finest formed specimens of this breed. 
Thalma is now owned by Mr. Valancey E. 
crops grown there as an important factor. 
These are potatoes, oats, rye and corn. Many 
flock9 shear, on an average, seven pounds of 
of wool, and some go higher. More potatoes 
are grown in this county than in any other in 
the State. Rye isoften sown after the pota¬ 
toes are dug, and in some cases so late that it 
does not grow until Spring. In this way a 
quick return to grass can be made, the rye 
ground being seeded The coustaut cropping 
of the land with potatoes does not seem to ex¬ 
haust it, as there seems to be an abundance 
of potash latent in the soil and in the rock. 
While these conditions prevent exhaustion, 
to be marked after him. No wonder our native 
cattle are ringed, streaked, and speckled; there 
is no care or attention paid to the manner of 
breeding them; goodness is luck, and Improve¬ 
ment is exceptional. It would not take many 
years fora painstaking breeder of native cat¬ 
tle to create for himself a choice herd, if he 
should follow the rules and practices of suc¬ 
cessful breeders of thoroughbred stock. VVe 
might have choice families of line-backs, brin- 
dles, reds, etc., with distinctive characteris¬ 
tics. Here is a work for enterprising young 
farmers, without any extra outlay, to show 
what they can do. Uniformity in color and 
faxm Uf onomi]. 
CONSTRUCTION OF UNDER-DRAINS. 
PROF. R. C. CARPENTER. 
TnE LANSING LEVEL. 
I have designed a level which is inexpen¬ 
sive, simple to use, aud quite accurate. It is 
not as accurate as the Y-level; but still I think 
it is as accurate as needed for most drainage 
purposes. It is shown in Fig. 247. The one con- 
