544 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
AUG §3 
like Lost Rubies or Shaffer, it is rich, and 
has much of the wild raspberry flavor. It is 
not so early as the Hansell with me. 
Crimson Beauty (Scurlet Queen) is fully as 
early as Hansell with me, and gets hardier 
with age. It is vigorous, and promises better 
than I supposed it might. [Mr. E. J. Holman 
says that it is Imperial, which is said to be a 
French variety resembling the old Hornet.— 
Eds.]. _ 
Superb is an improvement on its class with 
me. It is of the Philadelphia type. 
Among black rasplierries, Hoosier Mam¬ 
moth has not received the attention it de¬ 
serves. It is much like the Gregg, but appears 
larger and hardier. When a large party of 
us were visiting Ellwanger& Barry’s gardens, 
and were shown a monstrous bush of Gregg, 
then a novelty, 1 remarked that it lacked 
constitution. The company smiled, asthough 
they could not accept such an opinion. Never 
theless, it is a fact. It will succumb before 
severe cold or poor culture sooner than the 
other standard varieties. One reason for this 
is its growing so late in the Fall, when others 
have shod their leaves, and prepared for Win¬ 
ter. [We beg to say that the R. N.-Y. has 
always said this of the Gregg, not as an opin 
ion, however, but from experience.— Eds,] 
Ohio comes to the front as a berry posses 
sing a remarkable constitution. It is hardy, 
vigorous, and very productive, ripening be¬ 
tween Son begun und Gregg. It. is not quite so 
large as Gregg. It has less bloom on the fruit 
than Gregg and more than Souhcguu. 1 can 
not see why it should produce more evaporat¬ 
ed fruit than any other variety, as it is juicy 
and good, but they say it will. 
Nemaha has given us larger specimens than 
any other Black cap. It is late, firm, and 
vigorous. 
Beet mj’s Golden disappoints me. It is hardy, 
productive, and tirrn, but the color and quali¬ 
ty are not so good as Caroline. 
Caroline is a jewel. On the table it looks 
like pure gold, and you can easily imagine 
you are eating Brinekle’s Orange, But it is 
softer than Beebe’s Golden, and will not carry 
to market. It suckers quite freely with me, 
and I propagate it from suckers, though it 
will take root readily from tips. It is hardy. 
The late Spring frost Injured my raspberry 
crop even more than I expected. All in all, 
it has not been a good season for fruit in the 
Genesee Valley. No pears or peaches, and 
not a full crop of apples. I advise all to plant 
fruits on up land, and near bodies of water, 
if possible. Lake Ontario kept the frost, away 
four miles distant from its shores. 
Rochester, N. Y. chas. a. green. 
[As to the Ohio and Caroline, the Rural is 
glad to have Mr. Green’s indorsement of what 
we have stated to our readers many times dur¬ 
ing the past few years.— Eds.] 
GARDEN NOTES. 
Lettuces —Of 18 kinds of lettuce that I am 
growing. I find Royal Summer Cabbage and 
Salamander the best for summer use. They 
head and bear up through our warm, dry 
weather better than any of the other kinds. 
The reputation given to some lettuces as not 
running to seed in Summer, is all nonsense so 
far as 1 have ever tried or seen. I’erpignon is 
the worst lettuce I have. Green-fringed is 
pretty, but of little use. The Cos lettuces are 
of excellent quality; but no matter how you 
treat them, in hot summer weather they 
‘•bolt” right off. Breen’s Prize-Taker is an 
exceedingly large, deep glossy-green lettuce 
that in Spring or early Summer formed heads, 
witli me, almost as large and solid as a Drum¬ 
head Cabbage; the heart loaves were of a rich 
cream-white color, but the mid ribs, or veins, 
were very prominent, and the quality not so 
tender as that of leaser and quicker-maturing 
kinds. In Spring it took so long to attain its 
full dimensions, grew to be so large aud solid, 
and was so slow to run to seed, that I had 
great hopes of it for summer use, but no soon¬ 
er did hot weather set in thau it '‘bolted’’ as 
badly as a Tenuis Ball. For growing in 
frames in Winter, I prefer Tennis Ball and 
Boston Market, and for out-door winter use, 
Brown Dutch and Hardy Green. 
Peas. —Telegraph and Telephone are very 
strong-growing, tall kinds that bear immense 
pods and proportionately large peas, but they 
are not as heavy croppers, nor are their pods 
always as well filled as are those of some of 
the older kinds, and, in fact, I fail to find 
much, if any, difference between these two 
sorts. [Telephone is merely a selection from 
Telegraph.—E ds.] Stratagem and Pride of 
the Market are two other new peas; vines 
middle-sized, very stocky and prolific; the pods 
are of medium length, somewhat flattish and 
stout, and very solidly filled with exceptional¬ 
ly large peas. They are excellent sorts; but I 
cannot find any difference lie tween them. 
Bliss’s Abundance and Everbearing are two 
other new sorts after the fashion of the last 
two. Sown April 25, Abundance was fit for 
use July 1st; Everbearing, sown at the same 
time, came in a week later. Both are bushy, 
about two feet high, and bear stout, solidly 
filled pods, containing three to six very large 
peas of fine quality. But the name Everbearing 
is very misleading; it is not a whit more ever 
bearing than Lax ton’s Long Pod, Champion 
of England, or several other common peas. 
Queens Co., L. I. william falconer. 
PEA TEST. 
Plot No. I, planted May 1, 14 inches apart, 
one in a hill, on good rich clay loam. 
Bliss’s Ahundanck. —Hight of vine, 2 )4 
feet; very late; a Btrong grower; pods contain 
two and three peas each, sometimes four; 
very sweet. 
Everbearing.— Hight of vine, two feet; 
some vines not so high. The seed sent me 
seems to have been a little mixed; don’t know 
which is the Everbearing and which is not; 
but if it is the kind I think, it is a very pro¬ 
lific variety; I should much prefer it to the 
Abundance. Some vinos have SO to 40 pods 
on them. The former will lie ready to pick 
the last of this mouth; the latter, the last of 
this week. 
Pride ok the Market.—I consider this a 
No. 1 variety. Pods well filled; I counted 24 on 
a vine. They will average four inches long; 
hight of vine, foot. [This wus first tested 
in this country by the R, N.-Y.— Eds.] 
Alexander’s No. 10. —Pods nearly as long 
as those of Pride of the Market, and well 
placed. Prof. W. W. Tracy, of Detroit, said, 
while on a visit here, that this was one of the 
sweetest, peas he had ever tasted. Peas the 
size of the Stratagem; hight of vine, 2% feet. 
Duke of Albany, —Vines grow 2% feet 
high, and are quite prolific; pods the same size 
as those of Pride of the Market. I have 
counted 15 pods on a vine. 
Strata o km —Is doing remarkably well with 
mo. Pods four inches long and well tilled. 1 
have counted 15 pods on a vine. Hight of 
vine, one foot. [It is the liest intermediate 
pea, all things considered, we have ever tested. 
—Eds.] 
Vick's New Dwarf (not yet introduced).— 
Very prolific. Vines grow six to eight inches 
high. I have counted 82 pods on a vine. One 
week later than American Wonder. 
Hoskins’s Vt. Wonder.— Very prolific. 
Vines grow to the lame hight as those of the 
Little Gem, and resemble them very much. 
A little mixed. 
Chittenden Co., Vt. July 12 
O. U. ALEXANDER. 
THE EARLIEST RASPBERRY. 
In sending the Rural our data of the ripen¬ 
ing of the Marlboro, we do not doubt the cor¬ 
rectness of its reports iu the slightest degree, 
but believe them to be strictly true. Slight 
circumstances will cause a difference of sev¬ 
eral days in the ripening of strawberries, 
raspberries or blackberries. We have seen 
this difference, aud even more,in plants of the 
same variety growing under different circum¬ 
stances. Two bushes, oue rod apart, one on a 
heavy subsoil; the other, on dry ground, have 
shown a difference of several days in 
ripening Trees, buildings or fences, standing 
a short distance off aud giving protection, 
make a difference. Plants on a warm side- 
hill will sometimes ripen a week before others 
of the same variety growing under less favor¬ 
able conditions. Bushes grown on poor soil 
will ripen their fruit sooner than those grow¬ 
ing rampantly, aud very often poor or good 
health makes a difference. Bearing plunts, 
thickly surrounded with young canes, ripen 
fruit late. There is often a week’s difference iu 
the time of the ripening of plants of the same 
variety growing ten miles apart. Small fruits 
of any kind protected in Wiuter,wdl be much 
later in ripening than those unprotected. 
A difference of two days or two hours in the 
ripening of two varieties is of little conse¬ 
quence to the grower. 
The following are the dates of the ripening of 
the Marlboro here: On June 20 we picked 
ripe Marlboros for the strawberry show of 
the Southern Ulster Hurt. Society at High¬ 
land, which was one day before the Rural 
reports having picked the Hansell On June 
24, the day the first Marlboro ripened on the 
Rural Grounds, we sent a crate of Marlboros 
to Frost & Co., 100 Park Place, New York, 
which sold for 15 cents per quarter or half¬ 
pint cup. On July 6, we shipped 5,500 cups 
from a patch which was planted with green 
sprouts oue year previous, and we will con¬ 
tinue to pick for a week yet, Our crop was 
shortened by an unprecedented drought. We 
would like to hear from others. 
Marlboro, N. Y. a. j. caywood & son. 
[We had ripe berries of both Hansell and 
Marlboro sent to us before either had ripened 
at the Rural Grounds. Our comparative test, 
however, is probably a fair one.— Eds ] 
-*-* - 
THE CORNELIA STRAWBERRY. 
The Cornelia (Fig. 281,) was received from 
Mr. Matthew Crawfurd, of Cuyahoga Falls, 
O., on August *24, last year. The flowers are 
sometimes perfect, sometimes pistillate. The 
fruit stems are thick and strong, bearing from 
six to ten berries. The shape is often as shown 
in our illustration from specimens grown at 
the Rural Grounds, though sometimes broadly 
ovate or less conical. The berry is a medium 
red, and the flesh is of the same color. The 
quality is not the best. Mr. Crawford sent us 
a box of Cornelia berries on June 21. They 
were quite fresh when received, showing that 
Cornelia Strawberry. Fig. 281. 
they have good shipping qualities. The size 
averaged A)% inches in the circumference of 
the largest part. Mr. Crawford deems it very 
valuable on account of its lateness. His first 
picking was made not until June 17, 11 days 
later than the early berries. 
HIGH PRICKS FUR PEACHES. 
We sold on June 29, for J. R. Respass, Butler, 
Ga., one crate of 150 peaches for $20, and two 
crates of 150 each for $15 each, and several 
days following we got the same price. 
New York City. A. s. c. 
£l)e Poulin) l)art). 
POULTRY NOTES. 
HENRY STEWART. 
Three hundred hens cannot possibly be 
kept on a half-acre of ground, and the state¬ 
ment to that effect, on page 482, must surely 
be a misprint. Having had some years’ expe¬ 
rience in keeping poultry in yards in which 
plum trees are planted, it may possibly inter¬ 
est your correspondent, H. G., who is thinking 
of making and planting a yard for poultry, 
to state a few things which I have found out: 
1. Fowls cannot be kept profitably in a yard, 
altogether, eveu iu small numbers, much less 
can 800 bo kept on half an acre or even an acre. 
One hundred can be kept on oue acre if it is 
divided, SO that the t vo yards can be used 
alternately, aud one be plowed up or harrowed 
over and sown to some crop, such as rye, 
wheat, millet, oats, rape or turnips, A month’s 
growth of either of these will afford a great 
deal of excellent food, and the ground will be 
fresh and clean. A hundred fowls confined 
all the time u]>on one acre of grass laud, will 
make the surface perfectly bare and keep it 
so, and the ground will lie so fouled that one 
cannot set a foot upon it without treading upon 
the filth. 
2. A plantation of plum or cherry or dwarf 
pear trees may be made in a poultry yard 
with advantage, if the large breeds are kept. 
Small fowls will fly up into the young trees 
and break down the branches. Fowls do cer¬ 
tainly have some good effect upon plum trees, 
as the trees I have in my chicken yard are 
loaded with plums, and the largest number of 
cureulios 1 have ever found upon them by 
shaking, was not sufficient to injure the fruit. 
Before inclosing these trees iu the yard I never 
saved one plum. Fruit trees and poultry may 
be grown together with great advantage. 
The best arrangement is to have one-acre 
yards. If several flocks are kept, this is easily 
done, so that the alternate yards may be 
plowed in pairs by moving the intermediate 
fence. The galvanized woven wire feuee, in 
200-feet lengths, is just the thing, beiug cheap, 
easily put up, and easily taken down and rolled 
up. Four lengths inclose one acre. The ar¬ 
rangement of yards and houses would be as 
follows: 
—q 
p— 
q 
p 
q 
p 
q 
p 
2 
\ 
J 
2 
2 
; 
/ 
2 
Only half these cross-fences would be re¬ 
quired. The house has two exits. When the 
yards 1,1. have been occupied long enough, 
and 2, 2, are ready, the fence between 1, 1, is 
removed, and put lip between 2. 2, and the 
fowls are returned into these, while 1, l, ) s 
plowed up aud sown, and so on, changing 
yards every month or so. This provides the 
fowls with everything they need—food, exer¬ 
cise, soft, clean ground, aud a variety of nec¬ 
essary food, with many insects. It is a mat¬ 
ter of obvious certainty, that if one flock of 
100 can be thus kept apon one acre of ground, 
10 flocks of 100 each can be kept on 10 acres; 
because the conditions are precisely alike in 
all; and the experience of many poultry men 
proves that one flock can be thus kept. Nev¬ 
ertheless, I would have a field of five to ID 
acres at the back of the yards, if possible, aud 
give each flock a run in it. 
occasionally. No doubt 1,000 
Light Brahmas or Plymouth 
Rocks could lie kept in this 
way, and easily make a profit 
of $2 each yearly. To do 
this they would have only to 
produce eggs enough to pay 
for 100 pounds of corn per 
head yearly, or five dozen at 
20 eeuts: aud 20 pounds of 
chicks at 10 cents, or 10 pounds 
at 20 cents, which would lie 
five chicks at the lower price, 
or 2% at the larger price, and 
I have reared an average of 
eight chicks, weighing 40 
pounds, which sold at IS 
cents, to each Light Brahma 
hen, and it can be douo any time when one 
has learned how. 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
Peter Henderson & Co., 35 and 37 Court- 
laudt Street. Now York.—A circular of “The 
Cream of the Strawberries for 1884,” with a 
colored plate of the Henderson, lately figured 
in the R. N.-Y. 
The Seventeenth Annual Report ok 
the Ohio Horticultural Society for 1888 
aud 1884. This is a pamphlet of some 230 
pages, containing the transactions of the Hum¬ 
mer and Wiuter meetings together with 
papers and discussions at the same. Sont free 
to all members, whether in or out of the 8tate. 
G. W. Campbell, Secretary, Delaware, Ohio. 
Catalogue of the Maynard Bukkcii- 
loadi.no Firearms; also reloading appliances; 
also diagrams of some very remarkable tar¬ 
get scores made with the Mayuurd rifle by 
different personsat differenttimes: at Walnut 
Hill, 18 consecutive bulla-eyes were made at 
200 yards, off hand, with this gun. This cata¬ 
logue is by the Massachusetts Arms Co., Chi¬ 
copee Falls, Mass. 
Catalogue of Glink’h Patent Slate 
Roofing Paint. —Slate munties, Shelves, etc. 
—A pamphlet of some 50 pages, telling all 
about this paint, and how to use it. By the 
Indiana Paint and Roofing Company, Phila¬ 
delphia, Pa. 
Tests with Corn and Ship-stuff as 
Feed for Swine.—A part of the object of 
the experiments at the Missouri State College, 
reported by Prof. Sanborn in his tenth Bulle¬ 
tin, from which we quoted in a late Rural, 
was to sho w the difference iu the character of 
the meat made from corn aud ship stuff sepa¬ 
rately, He found that the corn and corn-meal- 
fed pigs dressed 82 pounds of mot|t per hun¬ 
dred pounds of live weight, while the pigs 
eating ship-stuff, averaged only 80.6 pounds; 
but the meat of the latter contained very 
much less fat or grease, aud was much more 
juicy, and of better flavor. On severing the 
heads of the corn-fattened pigs, scarcely a 
trace of lean could be seen, while iu the pigs 
fed on ship-stuff it was much more abundant, 
aud the fiber under the microscope showed 
mucti less fat intermixed with the lean. The 
Professor believes that corn as an exclusive 
article of diet, is detrimental to a vigorous aud 
healthy muscular development, aud that it 
produces pigs very subject to disease, dis¬ 
tasteful to consumers and more costly than 
necessary. He thinks that feeders, with a 
better understanding of the results of different 
foods, can easily raise pigs that will give a 
larger proportion of the most desirable parts 
of meat thau we now secure. It must not be 
inferred that he lielieves swine should be fed 
on ship-stuff alone; for that is not the lesson 
he wishes to teach, but that a proper mixture 
of the different foods is the most desirable. 
We think it would be to the interest of all, if 
