weight often adding largely to the cost. 
But the newer presses all have dispensed 
with the employment of the wood, and use 
wire varying from No. 12 to 18. and its weight 
is so trifling as scarcely to be worth noticing. 
The scarcity of timber on the treeless plains 
of the great Northwest, necessitating the use 
of hay aud straw for fuel, calls loudly for 
some method of baling hay in small bales aud 
very compactly, and here also the wire ties 
become very desirable for the buruiug of the 
hay does not injure the wire ties, and they can 
be used many times over. 
It would seem as though many of the mod¬ 
ern presses have very little chance for irn- 
its native soil, proves equal to the beautiful 
pictures and glowing descriptions with which 
it is Introduced. The Marlboro Raspberry, 
however, ut Pomona Nurseries, lias fully sus¬ 
tained every claim made for it by its origina¬ 
tor, and surpassed every other variety in the 
combination of earliness, large size, delicious 
quality, beautiful color, productiveness, and 
vigor of growth, and truthfully has it been 
said to be ‘‘equal to the Cuthbert in every 
respect, and two weeks curlier.” 
Our plants, set in the Spring, of 1883, made 
during that Summer a sturdy, robust growth, 
with luxuriant foliage, which they retained 
until late in the Kail, ripening tbeir wood to 
the extremities. They passed through the ex¬ 
tremely cold Winter of 1888 and 1884 un 
protected and uninjured; nor has the hot, 
scorching sun of the past Summer, with the 
mercury for weeks among the nineties, affected 
their vitality in the least; and they are now, 
after having produced a heavy crop of large, 
handsome and luscious fruit, clothed in a vigor¬ 
ous growth of rich, dark-green, healthy foliage 
seldom seen on raspberries after fruiting; and 
as we have them both on heavy clay and light, 
drifting Rand, they are doing almost equally 
well. I am disposed to think they will prove 
valuable for our .Jersey soil and climate, where 
our hot, dry Rummers prove so severe a test 
to those varieties with less endurance and 
vitality. 
From the following comparisons, showing 
the dates of the first pickings, with the cross 
diameter of some of the popular sorts, it will 
appear they are as early as the earliest, as 
well as being the largest in size: 
June 17—Turner, lfi.M2 Inches In diameter. 
“ Hansel!. IB-32 “ “ •' 
“ Crlimon Beauty, 20-32 Inches In diameter. 
“ l.ost Ruble*. 21-32 . 
•• Marlboro, 23 82 “ “ “ 
“ 25—Brandywine. 
July 2-CutUbert. 
As the season advanced, the size of Marlboro 
was eveu greater, and would average almost 
three-fourths of an inch in diameter. 
I also consider Hausell ami Crimson Beauty 
valuable early varieties, and worthy of trial. 
Parry P. O., N. J. william parry. 
THE BUBAL flEW-YOBKEB, 
THE OUT-WORM MOTH. 
After getting yp night after night to re-light 
the gas, aud suffering from its escape, when 
blown out by the wings of these moths, the 
thought struck me that I would be doing good 
service to agriculture by killing these insects, 
and in half an hour the next evening, by goiug 
from room to room I destroyed 83 moths. 
Say one half were females, and that they lay 
50 eggs each, here I had stopped the devasta¬ 
tions of some 800 cut-worms. Truly a goodly 
half hour’s work! Farmers set the children 
at this business. 
man. This simple apparatus is so useful about 
a place, for raising heavy articles, that every 
farmer should have one. The arrangement 
for the derrick does not impair the ladder in 
The canes of the albinos are very large, some 
of them as big as broom handles. Is it not 
quite unusual to get so many albinos? The 
experiment so far is very satisfactory. Phy¬ 
sicians tell ns to eat fruit without sugar; 
black-caps are usually too sour, but these may 
be eaten without sugar, not seeming sour. 
Jefferson Co., N. Y. D. 8. marvin. 
A NEW WHITE SWEET CURRANT. 
Peter Henderson & Co. sent us a box of 
white currants the last of July, which were 
raised by Mr. George Seymour, of South Nor¬ 
walk, Conn , and we show a cut of a small 
branch at Fig. 854. Mr. Seymour said the 
fruit was from bushes which had been grow¬ 
ing a long time on his place, and that the fruit 
was remarkably sweet. We notice two pecu¬ 
liarities of the fruit—one, the remarkable uni¬ 
formity in size of all the currants on a stem. 
Those on the very tip were as large as those 
at the base. They were also remarkably 
sweet—we think the sweetest currants we ever 
tasted. The illustration represents the berries 
pactness of packing. The important question 
now Is one of time, and cost of labor. All 
the presses heretofore made have been so 
arranged that after the plunger had been 
forced its whole distance forward, the horse 
or team were compelled to continue on in 
order to withdraw the plunger in readiness 
for more hay, thus using one half the time of 
team and men in preparing for further work, 
thus causing nearly twice the expense neces¬ 
sary. 
We this week, in Fig. 355, show a press that 
in this respect makes a new departure, and so 
much so, that it becomes a matter of public 
interest to have it briefly explained. The 
sweep, or lever, to which the horse or horse3 
are attached, is made double near its larger 
end,and so pivoted that the short arm is double, 
or h as two cranks. These are so arranged that 
the plunger is attached to the outer one, and 
i as the horse starts forward, the plunger is 
forced forward, pressing the hay into a very 
solid and compact form; but when the horse 
has made one-third of a circle, the plunger is 
THE CROSS-FERTILIZATION OF STRAW¬ 
BERRIES. 
The idea that the fertilization of berries 
affects the fruit as to size aud appearance, ap¬ 
pears to bo a now one. 1 do not remember 
reading anything of such a theory until quite 
recently. It is not a plausible theory, and 
my experience does not corroborate it. Mr. 
Rogers, iti the Rural of July 19, describes 
the different effect* produced ou the Man¬ 
chester by fertilization with Miner’s Prolific 
and Sharpless. It happens that I have con¬ 
tiguous beds of these three varieties. Here 
is abed of Miner four foot wide, separated by 
a path, a foot wide, from a similar bed of Man¬ 
chester and not entirely separated for care 
less cultivation has allowed the two kluds to 
run close together. The Manchesters here 
are identical with those several yards away 
from all other sorts. Ou the opposite side of 
th6 garden, the Manchester runs close up to the 
Sharpless. No perceptible difference in ap¬ 
pearance aud size was noticed hero. I have 
had for three years past 10 to 85 varieties, 
some in single beds contiguous to other sorts, 
aud some in beds 30 feet wide. No difference 
was noticed in the fruit in the middle of large 
beds from that, on the edges, where, if this 
theory be true, fertilization by other sorts 
would be more sensibly felt. Doubting, or 
rather rejecting, this theory, 1 am almost 
ready to doubt the commonly accepted oue 
that a pistillate berry cannot be fruitful with¬ 
out a stawinate close by. It, would be inter¬ 
esting and beneficial to call out the experience 
of those who have experimented in this matter. 
Vigo Co., lnd. J. a. foote. 
NEW AND RARE RASPBERRIES. 
A year ago I set out a dozen or more seed¬ 
lings—Gregg crossed with Tyler—nearly all 
are now in fruit. I am gratified and aston¬ 
ished. There are several black ones as fine as 
either parent, one larger thau Gregg, aud so 
black that it shines like a blackberry; it re¬ 
sembles Tyler in quality. But what aston¬ 
ishes me most is there are three amber-colored 
albinos (may I not use (his term?), one larger 
thau any black-cap I have ever seen—about 
the size of the Turner. The albinos are all 
milder flavored than the blacks. A lady 
said; “Why, they taste just like wild berries!” 
Heavy Butter Yields of Jersey Cows. 
—As the tests of the remarkable Jersey cows 
are studied, something of their anomalous 
production is understood. In the recent test 
of Mr. Fuller’s cow, Mermaid of 8t. Lam¬ 
berts, in which she produced 85 pounds 13 1 
ounces of finished butter In seven days, it is 
clear, Mr. Henry Stewart says, that this ex¬ 
traordinary product is due- to the cuormous 
consuming and digestive capacity of the ani¬ 
mal, and it is the stomach and the intestines 
rather than the udder that do the actual work. 
The Tood consumed in this test explains the 
enigma. At the beginning, four quarts of 
crushed oats, two quarts of mixed pea and 
linseed meal, aud two quarts of wheat brat, 
were given four times a day; in all, 32quarts, 
or about 50 pouuds of grain food dally. This 
is in additiou to pasture. The feed was gradu¬ 
ally increased to 40 quarts (or over 00 pounds) 
the third day, und 48 quarts (or nearly 80 
pounds) the remainder of the time. This al¬ 
most iucredible quantity of food may, for a 
short time, stimulate to au enormous extent 
the butter product, but It is obvious that such 
feeding could not long be continued without 
destroying the cow. As in all t,be9e tasts, how¬ 
ever, there is some element of doubt iu this, for 
the person who reports the results remarks, iu 
regard to the feeding, “only such observations 
were made by me as convenience permitted 
If the milking, skimmiug, and churning were 
also made “as convenience permitted,” there 
might easily be some doubt about the product 
of butter. 
“Buhach and the Cabbage Worm.— It is 
now pretty generally admitted that the Cali¬ 
fornia insecticide, known as buhach, is death . 
to the cabbage worm, either when dusted over I 
them in a dry state or applied with water. 
This buhach is merely the pulverized flowers I 
of a species of pyretherum, and the same I 
plant from which the Dalmatian insect pow- j 
der is made; but that made in California, 
being new and fresh, is stronger thau the im¬ 
ported article, and is certainly au excellent 
insecticide, although rather too expensive for 
general use in the garden. But it has the 
merit of not being poisonous to larger :<ul- 
inals, as is the case with Paris-green and other 
arsenical preparations. We are inclined to 
think that buhach will become popular aud 
extensively employed for destroying insects 
on small ornamental plants in gardens aud 
green-houses, although there are some- sped - 
of insects upon which it has no effect.’' 8o 
says the agricultural Editor of the New Y'tk 
Sun, and we are glad he has found out what 
he might have read in the R. N.-Y. tlxrev 
years ago from our own tests. Let us u * 
inform him that it will do more than lull 
insects on “small ornamental plants in Ar¬ 
dens." It will kill Rose bugs, Tent Caterj 
lars aud Potato Beetles, if the latter be ci 
fined aud the powder blown upon them t\« 
or thrice. We should much like to know wfla| 
the insects are upon which it has “uo etf«' 
Have you tried it yourself, good Editor? 1' 
did you just jump at that conclusion ? 
way; you haven't “owned up” yet, regard®! 
Ladder and Derrick. Fig. 358 
the least but simply increases its usefulness. 
By removing the pulley and drawing out the 
bar. you have simply a ladder. “picket. ' 
on a scale of actual size—none were under, and 
many of them exceeded one-half of an inch 
iu diameter. 
A GREAT ADVANCE IN HAY PRESSES. 
As the cities become larger, more horses 
are employed, greatly increasing the demand 
for hay aud straw, aud rendering necessary 
some method for putting these products into 
a compact form to reduce the cost of trans¬ 
portation to the lowest figure. The old method 
of using six or more sticks to each bale, w-as a 
cumbersome and expensive way, the ex¬ 
pense of transportation on the unnecessary 
provemeut in i unning me utues ui me uum- 
disengaged from the crank and rebounds by 
the force of the elasticity of the hay in the 
press, and at the same time opens a feed- 
door on top ready for another charge of hay. 
This the feeder has ample time to put into the 
hay-box while the team are turniDg about; the 
other crank now catches the plunger, and the 
first step forward of the team causes the 
plunger to again move forward, pressing the 
hay: again, when one-third of the circle has 
been made, the plunger again rebounds, open¬ 
ing the bay-door, as at first, ready for more 
hay. This is the most important improve¬ 
ment in hay-presses for many years, and seems 
to us w-orthy of investigation by all who have 
hay to press This improved rebounding 
plunger press is made by the Whitman Agri¬ 
cultural Co. of St. Louis, Mo. 
-» ♦ «- 
A COMBINED LADDER AND DERRICK. 
Any good, strong ladder will answer the 
purpose. A sloping notch is cut into the upper 
end of each rail for the pulley axle to slip 
into. (See Fig. 353.) A one-inch hole is bored 
through each rail, near the lower end, for a 
round bar of iron to pass through. One end 
of this bar is squared for a handle. Fasten 
one end of a rope to the bar, pass the other 
over the pulley, and with the top of the ladder 
resting agaiust a beam, cross-bar, or side of a 
building, one man can raise an enormous 
weight. With this apparatus a wagon-bed can 
be lifted off and placed out of the way, or a 
butchered hog hung up, in short order, by one 
A NEW WHITE CURRANT. Fig. 354. 
