inuim |U H^Si 
Vol. XLIII. No. 1809 
NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 27, 1884 
PRICE EIVE CENTS. 
$2.00 PER YEAR. 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, In the year 18S4, by the Rural New Yorker In the ortleo of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
ers who hare hitherto led the crowd in hold¬ 
ing their cattle at high prices will not selfishly 
sacrifice their bull calves, lest the stock may 
become too common, but offer them to fann¬ 
ers at such prices as they can well afford to 
pay, and which will amply remunerate the 
breeders for their expenditure. 
Many farmers have already supplied them¬ 
selves with pure bred stock for makiDg butter, 
and having the skill to handle the butter as 
it deserves, are doing a good business in sell¬ 
ing their product at double the ordinary mar¬ 
ket prices. 
A specimen of a farmer’s Jersey cow is 
given on this page. The cow is Gledelia (Fig, 
871), 10024 A. J. C. C., and is a model Jersey. 
Her record is 7,988)^ pounds of milk from 
July 17,1882, to August 31, 1888, milking fij j' 
pounds the day before she calved. Her 
last calf was dropped March 10, 1884, and her 
yield of mtlk is now 40 to 48 pounds daily. 
All this is on ordinary farm feeding in the 
The Canadian horse, for his style, is a very 
perfect animal. No one point Improperly 
predominates, but a general harmony exists 
throughout hU conformation, and this is tho 
reason he is so powerful for Ids size, sure¬ 
footed, well-gaited, hardy, gentle and doc; e. 
Ono 14 to 14)* hands high, is often as stroug 
and will do as much work as can be accom - 
plished by a lighter horse standing three- 
fourths to a full hand ’ taller. As a pony, I 
know nothing superior to a choice Frencli- 
Canadian for good action, strength and liar di- 
neSS. A. B. ALLEN. 
xrreman 
EARLY IMPORTATION OF FRENCH 
HORSES. 
JERSEY COWS FOR THE FARM 
OW the farmer’s opportu¬ 
nity appears. The recent 
sales of Jersey cattle have 
shown that good animals 
are sold and can be pro¬ 
cured at reasonable far- 
lt is not to 
At page 435 of the Rural, it is intimated 
that the early importations of French horses 
into Canada were as large as the heavy Per- 
cherons and Normans of the present day; and 
that the great reduction of size In the Canadian 
for many years past is owing to his being 
bred in a colder climate, and undergoing 
harder usage than his ancestors iu Frauce. i 
have seen this opinion frequently expressed 
latterly in various agricultural journals, both 
in the United States and Canada. I cannot 
agree with them for the following reasons: 
First: for a century nr perhaps more from 
the Commencement of permanent French 
settlement iu Canada, iu the year 1608, by tho 
C/ \ Tf ' V mers prices, 
r.be supposed that Jersey 
cows will go a l>egg i n g f or 
a 8°°d many years yet; 
v LJ) for, nil told, there is about 
Xy^~ one (,ow ou l. v f ,jr 300 fur- 
Y\\ c mers if all in the country 
C'/T^'T y) were equully divided, and 
(_, - every farmer who keeps 
cows fur butter should have either pure Jersey 
f bun nr 
POLAND-CHINA AND BERKSHIRE 
HOGS. 
The essay ou swine in tho Rural of August 
i is the best I have seen written, uud I confirm 
JERSEY COW GLEDELIA. (From a Photograph.) Fi 
from my own experience what the author 
writes, and I agree with all ho says, except 
the statement that the l’oland-China is the 
best bog for the West—bad he said one of the 
best, he would have been right. For II years 
I have been raising the Berkshire, while most 
of my neighbors raise the Polands, or a cross of 
the two breeds. When I first began to raise 
Berkshire*, 1 had not as many of that breed as 
I wished for feeding, and bought from the 
neighbors young Polands to feed. They were 
generally of about the same ago as uiy own 
pigs, and had the same feed and care; but 
when marketed the nearest they ever came to 
weighing with the Berkshire* was 25 pounds 
per head, and with the largest number I ever 
fed together, they fell behind 40 pounds. For 
the last two or three years my two youngest 
sons have had a pig or two to feed for them¬ 
selves. Twice one of them had a Poland- 
Chiua, aud the other a Berkshire. The first 
founding of the city of Quebec, the emigrant 
vessels were of too small a tonnage to trans¬ 
port horses of large size safely across the 
stormy Atlantic; but they might easily bring 
those of half the size, which was unquestion¬ 
ably done; and these alone have been bred 
from, and perpetuated hy the settlers down to 
our day. Second: I have seen such iu France 
exactly like the small Canadians, and animals 
of this style were, one to three centuries ago, 
probably more numerous than now, as the 
tendency for someyears past in Normandy and 
La Perche, is to increase the size of the gen¬ 
eral run of horses. Thus there were then 
plenty of a small, hardy, strong race to select 
from to export to Canada. Third: it is a long 
and laborious practice to reduce the size of 
large animals by breeding, and it requires a 
scientific knowledge to do this harmoniously 
and successfully, and this the old French set¬ 
tlers did not possess. 
regular business way, and without forcing. 
Her yield of butter is V>}£ pounds in seven 
days. Her sire is Prince of Warren, who has 
also sired several other cows having butter 
records of more than 14 pounds in seven days. 
No doubt the Jersey breed has its best history 
before it. It has done wonders iu the past, 
but in the hands of farmers, and scattered 
over the broad pastures of America, it will 
eventually give American farmers the 
control of the butter markets of the world. 
And those farmers who have the enterprise to 
breed from pure stock of a high class, will find 
a handsome profit in supplying their neighbors, 
and other farmers, with breeding stock, as 
well asiu making choice butter, for which the 
demand grows faster than it can be supplied. 
The legs of Gledelia are quite too heavy for 
her size. Our engraving is an exact copy of the 
photograph, for the imperfections of which 
our artist must not be held responsible. 
cows or good half-bred ones. For the latter, 
of course the farmer needs to have a good 
Jersey bull and to breed his best cows to it. 
The produce in most cases will be equal to 
that of the pure bred cows, and in saying this, 
a breeder or farmer who understands some¬ 
thing about breeding stock will realize that 
the very highest character for excellence is 
given to the breed. The Jerseys have made 
their repotation, not only for having among 
them the largest butter producers of any 
breed, for weight, and feed consumed, 
but for being, on the average, the best of 
cows for the production of butter for farm¬ 
ers and dairymen. And the fanners are 
fast finding this out, for the Jersey colors 
and form are visible iu thousands of fields, 
where the half-bred cattle, scarcely to be dis¬ 
tinguished from the pure-bred, may be seen in 
every part of the country. North, South, East 
and West. It is to be hoped that the breed- 
