4884 
THE RURAL WEW-YORKER. 
for one of the marl—grand total. $40. The 
analyses would tell the constituents of the 
plots from which the marl and muck were 
taken; but an analysis of the soil a short dis¬ 
tance away might give very different results. 
The analysis would be of no general interest, 
however satisfactory it might be to our friend. 
For a two-dollar subscription, however, we 
really cannot afford to send the Rural 52 
times a year, and, in addition, hold ourselves 
ready to pay $20 or $10 for analyses of soils of 
the farm belonging to each of our subscribers, 
for all have as much claim on us as any par¬ 
ticular one in this respect. If the high-priced 
information was of general or even extensive 
interest, of course, money would he "’no con¬ 
sideration” to us in procuring it; and indeed 
the answer to a single query in this depart¬ 
ment often costs us considerably more than 
the amount of a single subscription to the 
paper. At the same time we would advise 
our frieud to try an application of the marl to 
some land, on w hich he iutends to plant or 
sow some crop next year. As it contains 
many shells,it would probably be most benett 
cial to a sandy or gravelly soil. The black 
substance is nearer peat than muck; but he 
might try it as an absorbent hi the stables and 
pig-pens. Practical experiment is wort h much 
more than the best analysis to determine its 
fertilizing value on any particular soil. 
INCUBATORS. 
L. L., New Thera, La. —Which is the best 
and cheapest incubator t 
Ans. —We have never tried any incubator, 
and we are therefore unable to speak, from 
personal experience, of the merits anti defects 
of the different sorts. The answers to a num¬ 
ber of inquiries made of those who have had 
experience, differ widely. Few' have tried 
more than one or two, and no one has tried all 
in the market, therefore it is hard to say 
which is the best. Tn hatching chickens suc¬ 
cessfully as much depends on the care of the 
attendant ns upon the efficiency of the incuba¬ 
tor. All of those mentioned below will do 
good work, if properly attended to; which is 
the best, is one of those things nobody knows. 
Our friends who are thinking of using incu¬ 
bator* should write for circulars, etc., to each 
party mentioned, read the papers carefully, 
and if they cannot then tell which is the best 
incubator, they will have learned a good deal 
about artificial incubation. The circulars 
will, doubtless, be seufc free, but applicants 
should inclose a two-eent stamp for postage. 
The prices vary greatly according tn the capa¬ 
city, style, mode of construction, etc. Incu¬ 
bators are sold by the following persons: K. S. 
Renwick. 12 Park Place, N. Y.; Henderson & 
Stoutenbornugh, Box 1,178, New York; J. 
Rarkin. South Easton, Mass.; A. M. Halsted, 
Rye, N. Y.; G. B Bay ley, Box 1,771, San 
Francisco, Cal., or Box 3,«50(), New York; A. 
E Starr, Almond, N. Y.; the Perfect Hatcher 
Co., Elmira. N, Y ; the Eclipse Incubator 
Co., Box 309, Waltham, Mass., or 21 Devon¬ 
shire St., Boston, Mass.; OxfonJ & Bro , Cot¬ 
tage Grove Ave. and 45th St., Chicago, III.; 
A. G, Atkins, Orange, N. J. 
STRAIGHTEN!NO LEO OF COLT. 
W. C, Ji.. Galtor, D. T .—In one of the bind 
legs of a yearling colt the cords are stretched 
so that the toe does not touch the ground. 
Tbo hip is also drawn down when the foot is 
used The injury was caused by his con¬ 
stantly standing on the ailing leg while the 
other was suffering from an injury, when he 
was two months old. How should he be 
treated! 
Ans. —To remedy this defect, the leg should 
be bound with soft splintw, as a piece of soft 
leather, from the foot up above the hock, and 
the strap or splint should be secured with 
bandages: the leg and foot should be straight¬ 
ened before the bandages are put on. Rub 
the leg and foot also with some liniment di¬ 
luted with alcohol: or even with common 
whisky. Give the colt a soft, dry bed of saw¬ 
dust.; encourage it to walk about moderately 
and rest by turns. 
SAVING APPLE SEEDS FROM POMACE, ETC. 
C. W., Marshnllville, O. —1. Will it pay to 
save seeds from apple pomace, and how Is it 
done? 2. Where can a good, cheap mill for 
sawing shingles, be obtained? 8. How are 
lilacs propagated? 4. How can I make a 
good mucilage? 
Ans.— 1. There is usually a market for 
apple seeds that are taken from pomace; but 
such seeds are not fit to plant, unless all the 
apples from which the pomace is made, are 
seedlings. Too many of our apple trees are 
grafted on roots obtained by planting this 
inferior seed. The mode of saving is as fol¬ 
lows: a box is made from 12 to 15 feet long, 
and of any convenient &ize. In this is a shaft 
the whole length, having spokes so placed 
that when the shaft is rotated, thesnokes will 
stir up all the pomace that may be in the 
box. Into one end of this box a stream of 
water is conducted, which flows out at the 
other. The shaft is turned and pomace finely 
shaken, or picked tip, is thrown into the 
upper end, and while stirred by the spokes 
the seeds settle to the bottom, while the pom¬ 
ace is washed over and floated off. Once a 
day the water is drawn off. and the seeds are 
removed, dried in the sun or by a very gentle 
heat, and when fully dry, run through an 
ordinary fanning mill, which blows out stems 
and dirt. 2. Shingle mills are not very cheap. 
Address Trevor & Co., Lockport, N, Y. 8. 
By division of roots, by layering and by graft¬ 
ing. 4. Dissolve gum-arabic in water; or 
buy dextrine and dissolve that in water to 
the proper consistency. To preserve either 
from molding, add a few drops of carbolic 
acid. 
DELAWARE GRAPES OVERBEARING, ETC. 
Wm. H. E., East Setaukct, L. /., AT. Y.— I 
have 400 Delaware grape-vines that, two years 
ago, bore a good crop of fruit. Hast year 
they were very full of fruit, but the leaves 
dropped the first of August, the fruit withered 
and was worthless. This year there was but 
little fruit, and the leaves again dropped about 
August 1st; the soil is a good, sandy loam; 
the vines were trimmed to two or three buds, 
trained to wires and cultivated as for corn. 
What is the trouble aud the remedy ? 2. Do 
all stone fruits require salt as a manure? 
Ans. —1. The trouble with your Delaware 
vines is that the crop left on last year was 
more than they could mature. When thus al¬ 
lowed to overbear, the Delaware will always 
drop its leaves and. of course, fail to ripen its 
fruit, and this, of course, weakens tho vine 
and rend el's it less able to withstand the Win¬ 
ter, and bear tho succeeding year. We rec- 
commend pruning back severely, and manur¬ 
ing with ashes, or kainit and bone-dust, and 
not allowing them to bear much, if any, fruit, 
for one year. At all times the fruit should bo 
severely thinned, so as to allow the vines to 
carry only a moderate crop. This insures the 
finest quality, and perfect ripouing, arid allows 
the wood to ripen well, giviug assurance of a 
crop the succeeding year. 2. We have used 
salt on most fruits, and can’t say that we 
think it a necessary manure, and yet we have 
thought it beneficial to plums, pears and quin¬ 
ces, two of which are not stone fruits. 
KEEPING AND FEEDING PUMPKINS. 
S. E. IK, Eudora, Kansas, —l. Are pump¬ 
kins better feed for hogs or cows? 2. Where 
can I put them so they will not rot or freeze; 
and how should they be fed? 
Ans. — I. They are good feed for both hogs 
and cows. 2 Pumpkins, to keep well, must 
not be stored where it is very damp, and they 
must not be allowed to freeze. A cellar might 
be made and so well ventilated as to be dry 
enough to keep them fairly well; the hotter 
way is to feed them as fast as the stock will 
eat them, so as to use them before cold weath¬ 
er. Tills does away with the necessity of pro¬ 
tecting them against frost; and, then, in very 
cold weather, too much such succulent food is 
not good for stock, unless they are warmly 
housed. The proper way to feed pumpkins is 
to open them and remove the seeds, as these 
have an active diuretic effect upon the stock, 
which often more than counterbalances the 
good expected to lie gained by feeding tbq 
pumpkins. On breaking them open, by throw¬ 
ing them upon planks or the hard ground, the 
seeds are jarred loose and are easily removed. 
Wheu fuel is not too expensive, by cooking 
the broken pumpkins in large vats ami mixing 
corn-meal with the mass, a very valuable hog 
feed is produced, and one on which the hogs 
will very rapidly grow and fatten. 
WINDOALL8. 
T. H., Salineville, Ohio .—A horse of mine 
has wind-blows on the hind legs; how should 
they be treated? 
Ans. —The name given to the puffy swell¬ 
ings about the joints, above the fetlock, on 
the hind legs of horses, is wimlgalls, or, tech¬ 
nically, bursal enlargements; that is, a dis 
tended condition of the burs® or synovial 
sacs, which contain the synovia, or joint oil. 
The animal suffers apparently no inconven¬ 
ience from the presence of these, as they 
evidently cause no pain. It is seldom any 
treatment is resorted to, except in case of a 
valuable animal. Tbo treatment consists of 
pressure by means of bandages, anil the appli¬ 
cation of cold lotions, if the legs are hot and 
inflamed. Blistering and rest will remove 
them entirely; but when the horse returns to 
work, the eyesore is pretty sure to reappear. 
The only radical cure is subcutaneous punc¬ 
ture and scarification, and this may result in 
evil effects worse than the windgalls. 
MAGGOTY CHEESE. 
M. R., Waveland, Miss .—What can be done 
with cheese full of the liveliest sort of mag¬ 
gots? 
Ans. —The maggots are the larvae of the 
cheese-fly, and lovers of cheese merely pick 
them out while eating the article. In Eng¬ 
land—the greatest cheese-eating country in 
the world, as this is the greatest butter-eating 
—maggoty cheese is not objectionable to many 
persons; but cheese and skippers are eaten 
together. If our friend can acquire this taste, 
the cheese can be used; otherwise it will have 
to lie given, or thrown away, or, at least, that 
part of it that is infested. Cheese can be kept 
from the fly by covering it with paper well 
buttered. The covering must be not only on 
the outside, but also on the part that has been 
cut. 
-»♦« 
Miscellaneous. 
W. S. /?.. Hackettstoum, N. .7.-1. What 
grapes would be best for home use in North¬ 
ern New Jersey? 2. Would vinos bought of 
Bush & Son it Meissner, Bushberg, Mo., bo 
likely to get injured if sent by mail? 8. Has 
the Rural ever recommended tho Pockling- 
tou Grape? 4. Where can I purchase the Vic¬ 
toria Grape? 
Ans. —1. We should try Moore's Early, sim¬ 
ply because it is early, hardy, and healthy; 
Lady. Delaware, Eldorado, Jefferson, Lind- 
ley, Herbert, Barry and Brighton. Wo should 
like to add many for trial; but that is not tho 
question. 2. We are inclined to think not, if 
carefully packed. 3. We have recommended 
the Pocklington as a hardy, vigorous vino, 
and for its somewhat showy fruit; but never 
for its quality. The same may be said of 
Niagara and Victoria. 4. Several nursery¬ 
men offer it in their catalogues—among them 
Ellwanger & Barry, Rochester, N. Y., and J. 
T. Lovett, Little Silver, Monmouth Co., N. J.; 
but there may bo a question as to whether 
they have tho true V ictoria. 
“ Subscriber, n Hanover, Mich. —1, What 
chemical works teaching of agriculture cau 
be understandingly read by one who has 
only an elementary knowledge of chemistry? 
2, What is the best work on breeds of domes¬ 
tic animals, their characteristics and adapta¬ 
tion to particular purposes? 
Ans. —Johnson’s How Crops Grow, $2 ; 
Johnson’s llow Crops Feed, $2; Nichols’ Chem¬ 
istry of the Farm and 8ea, $1.25; Caldwell’s 
Agricultural Chemical Analysis,$2; Johnston’s 
Agricultural Chemistry, $1.75; Johnston’s 
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry, $1.50 ; 
Norton’s Scientific Agriculture,'75c. 3, There is 
no single good work on this subject—not one 
that we can recommend. Probably the most 
comprehensive is the Illustrated Stock Doctor, 
$4.75 cloth; $5 75 leather, published by Hub¬ 
bard Bros , Philadelphia, Pa.; Chicago and 
Springfield, 01,; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Kan¬ 
sas City, Mo. 
V. E. IK, Hillsboro, Ohio. —l. How should 
Tritomas be caretl for through the Winter? 2. 
At what temperature should a general collec¬ 
tion of plants be kept through that season? 
3. Name six good varieties of geraniums? 4. 
What is a good book of instruction on the 
culture of flowering plants for tho house? 
Ans. —1. The plants often endure the Win¬ 
ters unhurt; but it is safer to store them in a 
pit or cellar. 2. At about GO to 70 degrees, 
never falling below 55 degrees. 8. General 
Grant, Mrs. James Vick, New Life, Asa 
Gray, Bishop Wood, Mad. Thibeaut. 4. Hen¬ 
derson’s Practical Floriculture, price $1.50; 
to be had of Peter Henderson, 35 and 37 Cort- 
landt Street, N. Y. 
L. P. 8., Freeport, Washington Ter.—8 ix 
years ago l obtained from the Agricultural 
Department some Dwarf Marrow Peas—large 
and smooth. Among the product every year 
since have been some very small poas, although 
these were carefully taken out every year for 
the first three, the large seed only having been 
annually sown. All have been sown for the 
last three years; aud the small peas now con¬ 
stitute four-fifths of the crop; why this change 
from large to small peas? Samples of both 
kinds are inclosed. 
Ans.— The peas seem to be exactly alike, 
except in size; and that they degenerate is the 
only explanation that occurs to us. 
C. L. J., Waynemrille, O .—What are the 
common and scientific names of the large fun 
gous growths found on old logs and stumps? 
They resemble half of a large dish. 
Ans.—T he common name of the fungi is 
toad-stool. It is one of the Polypori, proba¬ 
bly, but there are so many of these fungi that 
close examination only would enable us to 
name it exactly. 
S. K. S., Sacramento, Neb .—How can I pre¬ 
vent black crickets from eating the bark of 
young apple trees? 
Ans. —Mix skim-milk and water-lime, and 
add a little kerosene; make the mixture about 
as thick as white-wash; wash the bark of the 
trees with this, and the crickets will avoid 
them. 
L.H. P., Wolf River, Pa.—Which is the 
best sheep for northern Pennsylvania. 
Ans.—I t will depend upon the purpose for 
which the sheep are kept aud the nature of 
the land on which they are to run. Are they 
for mutton or wool, or for both ( Is the pas¬ 
ture rich or scanty; hilly or not? 
W. H. C., Springboro, Ohio. —Where cau 
the trees mentioned in the Fair Number be 
obtained, and should they be sot out in the 
Fall or Spring? 
Ans.— Try Storrs <fe Harrison, Plainsville, 
Ohio. Spring by all means. 
C. II. P., Neligh, Neb .—Who deals in forest 
tree seeds? 
Ans, Robert Douglas & Son, Waukegan, 
III.; Thomas Meehan, Germantown, Pa.; 
Thorbum & Co., 15 John Street, Now York; 
W. A. Sanders, Sanders, Fresno Co., Cal. 
W, S., address mislaid .—1. Who has Arm¬ 
strong Wheat for sale? 2. Wlmt is the in¬ 
closed grass? 
Ans 1. It is sold under the new name of 
Landrotb, by the Landreths of Philadelphia, 
Pa. 2. Crab Grass—l’anicum sangulnale. 
W, C. A., Her pen, N. J., sends specimen of 
fruit from a seedling grape-vine, and asks 
whether it is worth propagating? 
Ans.— Judging from this bunch of grapes, 
wo should regard it as decidedly worthy of 
propagation. 
IK P, IK, Morton Co., D. T., sends grass for 
name. 
Ans.— It is Phalaris Oanariensis—Canary 
Grass. The fruit is the chief food of Canary 
birds. 
W, N. E, Dover, Kan., sends a (lower and 
leaf of one of the Garden Treasures for name. 
Ans —It is A maranthuscruentus var. mon- 
strosus—Princes’ Feather. Six feet is a good 
bight for this plnut. 
./. A. It., Hastings, Can., sends us a loaf 
and flower of a Day-Lily and asks its name, 
Ans. —It is Fuukia subcordata—the White 
Day-Lily. 
H. M., Forest City, III., seuds plant for 
name. 
Ans —It is Antennaria wargaritacoa— 
Pearly Everlasting. 
F. 8. F., Friendship, N. Y., sends blossom 
aud leaf of one of the Garden Treasures for 
name. 
Ans.—I t isSchizauthus. 
J. O. N., New Cassel, Wis .—Sends plant 
for name. 
Ans. —It is a Come Flower—Rudbeekia birta. 
DISCUSSION. 
R. M., Newark, Ohio.— From an inquiry 
iu the F. C. of October 4, I notice that Romo 
people still take such an interest in Prickly 
Comfroy us to wish to Lest it as a fodder 
plant. I can easily understand why this huge 
weed should have attracted the attention of 
European agriculturists as a possible fodder 
plant; because across the Atlantic there is 
nothing in the fodder line to compare with 
corn here; but even there, after numerous 
attempts to utilize it for the last decade or 
more, and a multitude of high encomiums 
upon its luxuriance of growth and hucculouce 
as feed, it is nowhere raised us a field crop. 
Those who venture to utter a word in its 
praise there nowadays are enthusiasts who 
have little experimental plots of it, and who, 
taking an extravagant interest in what they 
look upon as peculiarly their own, exaggerate 
its worth. I have seen experiments with this 
thing for six or seven years; and think it not 
worth bothering with wherever a moderate 
crop of rye or corn can be grown for fodder. 
W. R., Louisville, Ky.—I n the F. C. of 
a late Rural I notice an inquiry as to the 
best locality for sheep husbandry In tho South. 
I have been interested in sheep raising for 
many yours, and have traveled a great deal 
through nearly every Southern State, aud 
have always, by examination and inquiry, 
sought information about sheep husbandry 
in tho different sections I visited. Were I 
younger, and about to start in sheep raising— 
I gave it up six years ago—I would begin in 
the piney-woods section of Georgia. This is 
a large tract of open woodland, covered with 
Wire Grass and other native herbage, upon 
which sheep cau subsist the year round. The 
luud can be purchased in largo tracts for one 
dollar or less per acre. The common native 
ewes uro tho best to ltegin with, and the 
progeny of these, crossed with pure bred 
rams, can be purchased in Georgia for $2 per 
head, or even less during the present depres¬ 
sion in sheep husbandry; while pure-bred 
rams of excellent straiu will cost from $20 
to $50 each. 
Communications Rkckived for tiik wrkk ending 
Satuudav. Oct. it. 
M E. 8.—J. H -D. K.-E. K. O.—C. L. T.-C. WH. 
TL-E. 3 8. H. H. I),—J. E.-W. H. C.-A. F,. G.-J. W. 
H,—8 F.-M.W.-J. W. n.-F. D. C.-A. G. M.-A. M. 
— S. H.-J. M. C.-O. G. A —«. P. L.— J. M. C.-J. T. E. 
— J, H.—M. A. Hoiifllcy, thank*. Hope to hear from 
you attain.—H. K. S.— 0. W. K.,thanks.—B. It., thanks. 
-A S. L—D. M., thanks*.—0. E P.-M. B. P.-J.H.— 
A. J. C.—G. W. D -W. tl. t.. B. L. -C. O. M.— 
B. B.— Alpha Teats, report for prize potato.—R. M. 
— R. W.-P. E A. M.-W. W. T.-G. 8.. for potato 
prem.—W. T. C., thanks.— F. K.—Th, H. H., thanks. 
—W. G.—C. W.-W. L. L.—J. B., thanks—W. J. C.—M 
A. H.—W. E. E.-C. A. B.—E. F. S., thanks—H. G. M.— 
G. A. S.-H. R. M.—L. C. K.—W. M. K.—H. 8., thanks. 
