*884 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
735 
(Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and addre«« of the writer to Insure attention. Before 
asking a qne*rlon. please see If It Is not answered In 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few questions 
at one time.] 
REMEDIES FOR MANGE IN A HORSE. 
J. O. F., Scottville, Pa. —1. What is a rem¬ 
edy for manga in a horse? 
Ans. —Mange In a horse corresponds with 
itch in the human subject, and is due to the 
ulceration and irritation caused by the bur¬ 
rowing of minute parasitic insects. The dis¬ 
ease is contagious, being produced by the 
passage of the mites or their eggs from infected 
to healthy animals by contact of the latter 
either with the former or with some object 
infected by them. Neglect, dirt, starvation, 
ill usage, etc., may- predispose animals to tba 
ailment. In horses the disease usually first 
shows itself on the side of the neck, whence it 
spreads along the back and down the sides. 
The only way to get rid of mange Is to kill 
the insects and their eggs. This can he done 
only by the application of a remedy to the 
parts affected; for although internal treat¬ 
ment is often beneficial, the mites must be 
killed by external local applications. Just 
like itch mites on the human subject, mange 
mites on a horse can be certainly destroyed 
by sulphur, turpentine, arsenic, hellebore and 
corrosive sublimate; but as some of these drugs 
are nearly as dangerous to the horse as the 
insects that prey on him, milder remedies are 
preferable. First clean the infected animal 
as well as possible from scab and dirt with a 
wisp of hay and the light, gentle use of the 
curry-comb, Theu prepare one of the follow¬ 
ing recipes, tho first for a mild case ; the 
secoud for a severe one:—First, common 
sulphur, ox ounces; sperm or train oil, one 
pint ; spirits of turpentine, three ounces. 
Mix and rub well into the skin with a flannel, 
or, in preference, with a painter’s brush. 
Second, compound sulphur ointment, eight 
ounces; train or sperm oil, one pint; spirits of 
turpentine, three ounces. Mix and use in the 
same way as the other. Whichever of the 
dressings is used, should be well rubbed iu 
every third day for two weeks in trifling 
cases, aud for three or four weeks iu severe 
ones. Another effective recipe is the follow¬ 
ing:—Animal glycerine, one quart; creosote, 
oife gill; turpentine, one pint; oil of juniper, 
one gill. Mix well together and shake, and 
saturate the whole skin with it as nearly as 
possible, rubbing It. thoroughly in with a soft 
cloth. After leaving it a day of two, wash the 
animal with warm water and soft soap; rub 
him until dry; then rub him again all over with, 
the same dressing; and repeat the operation till 
a cure is effected. Usually three or four appli¬ 
cations will be enough. All the stable fittings 
aud all other objects with which the iufoctcd 
animal came in contact, and with which he or 
others may come in contact afterwards, should 
be thoroughly washed with a solution of corro¬ 
sive sublimate made in tho following propor¬ 
tions :—Corrosive sublimate, one ounce ; 
methylated spirits of wine, six ounces; water, 
one gallon. Dissolve the sublimate in the 
spirits by rubbing in a mortar, then mix w ith 
the water and use with a brush, stirring it up 
constantly to prevent settling. Of course,the 
druggist will •'fix’' this recipe. As eggs may 
hatch out, the washing should be repeated 
after a week or so. Infested clothing should 
be destroyed, as it is nearly impossible to 
cleanse it thoroughly. If one is willing to risk 
infection from it, it should be thoroughly 
washed and eveuly saturated with spirits of 
turpentiue. As mange is sometimes due to 
deranged digestion, constitutional treatment 
also, is oftea advisable. For this purpose, 
take two ounces, each, of sulpur, cream-of- 
tarter, sassafras and powdered mandrake ; 
rub them together iu a mortar ; divide the 
mass into 12 parts, and give one night and 
morning in tho fodder. 
“bastard'’ strangles in a horse. 
T. J., St. James, Neb .—A mare of mine has 
been sick since corn planting time. She be¬ 
gan to run at the nose, aud shortly all she ate 
and drank would come down through the 
nose. This did not happen, however, when 
she ate grass or hay. The food seemed to 
stick in her throat, and she had to cough to 
force it out. She has fallen off a good deal, 
though her appetite has continued good. The 
discharge from the nose is the color of what¬ 
ever she ha3 just eaten. During the Summer 
there were some lumps in the hollow of her 
jaw close up to the throat, but they have dis¬ 
appeared. I thought she had glanders until 
1 read the, description of this disease in the 
F. C. in a late Rural. What ails the ani¬ 
mal? 
ANSWERED BY PROF. F. 8. KIT.BOKNK 
You were correct in concluding that the dis¬ 
ease was not glanders. If it had been, the best 
and by far the safest treatment would have 
been to have shot aud buried the animal. The 
treatment of glunders is unsafe, because of 
the very contagious nature of the malady, 
nud the liability that, it maybe communicated 
to man. The trouble with your mare was 
either the regular form of strangles or “horso- 
distemper,’' from which she did not speedily 
recover, owing to faults In care or feeding 
(sec Farmers’ Club, in the R. N.-Y. of July 
26', or an irregular form known as “bastard” 
strangles. Tbe regular form, if properly 
treated, usually does well, and recovery may 
he looked for in 15 to 20 days; but tbo irregu¬ 
lar form is usually fatal, or may last two or 
three months, ending in a slow recovery. The 
special treatment of “bastard” strangles 
would vary with each individual case, so that 
general directions are not easily giveu lu 
the present case the disease has run its course, 
and all that is needed is a course of tonics. 
Take of sulphate of iron two drams, and of 
ginger and gentian each half an ounce; make 
into a ball with sirup or treacle, and adminis¬ 
ter twice daily, by dropping it upon the back 
part of the tongue and holding the head up 
until it is swallowed. After giving this pre¬ 
scription for several dnys, tho iron should bo 
replaced by sulphatoof qumia 10 grains (the 
re«t of the prescription and administration 
remaining the same), and this should lie given 
for a like period, thus alternating between 
the iron and quinine. The medicine should 
be discontinued when the desired effect Las 
been produced. If there is torpidity or cos¬ 
tiveness of the bowels, give two drams of 
aloes twice daily. 
SMALL FRUIT QUERIES, ETC. 
A Subscriber, Elmira, N. Y. —1. Do pigs, 
which have become stunted for wuut of sufll- 
cient milk while sucking the sow. ever make 
good hogs? 2. How shall I prepare raspberry' 
and blackberry root cuttings for planting next 
Spring; and wlieu should they be planted? 
3. W ill strawberries keep well (say, over Sun¬ 
day,) in u refrigerator with ice; and if so, do 
they need ventilation, and how should it be 
given? 
Ans. — 1 . Yes. It is a good plan to give them 
a good wusbiug, if scurfy, and theu feed some 
stroug. soft-soap suds mixed with their milk, 
enough to physic them freely. Afterwards 
feed liberally with milk, if you have it, und 
wheat canaille or middlings, with a little oil- 
meal, if you have it. Don’t feed too high, as 
over feeding cloys; but feed at. short Intervals 
all they will eat clean. 2. Cut the roots this 
Fall into pieces, about two inches long, and 
bury them below frost, or keep them in a coni 
cellar mixed in damp sand, in early Spring 
plant them iu rich, sandy loam in trenches 
about two inches deep. When planted, they 
should show shoots starting from the latent 
buds. Keep clean, and by Fall they should be 
fine, strong plants. 3. Yes; if kept dry and 
cold. They should be ventilated from the top, 
otherwise the cold air, being heavier than the 
outside air, would run out aud warm air take 
its place. 
COOKING SUGAR BEETS FOR HOGS. 
W. A. S„ Newton Center, Mass. —1. Is it 
better to boil aud mash sugar beets, mixing 
meal with them, for fattening hogs, or to feed 
the meal separately aud the beets raw? 2. 
W here can 1 get a work that answers just 
such questions in farm economy? 
An 8.—The beet has such a small amount of 
starch that we do not think its feeding value 
would be augmented, by boiliug, sufficiently 
to pay the cost of fuel, to say nothing about 
labor. We should prefer giving the hogs as 
much finely chopped roots as they might de¬ 
sire to eat. In no case can sugar beets be 
considered a very fattening ration. They act 
more as a diluter of more solid food. If pota¬ 
toes are boiled, their feeding value is much 
more than doubled, and this because of the 
large proportion of starch which they contain, 
and the boiling ruptures tbe starch cells and 
makes the starch much more digestible 2. 
“Feeding Animals,” by our contributor, Prof. 
E. W. Stewart, is the best work we know of 
on tbe subject; but even that does not enter 
very f ully into the cooking of food for pig feed¬ 
ing. Price $2,; to be had of Prof. E. W. 
Stewart, Lake View, N. Y. 
WIRE GRASS AND BERMUDA GRASS IDENTI¬ 
CAL. 
J. H.C., Hewletts, Va., 1, sends a specimen 
of grass, and asks whether it is Wire or Ber¬ 
muda Grass. 2. Last Spring I planted a small 
package of teosinte; it grew nicely, there 
being from 25 to 30 stalks to a seed, but how 
am I to get seed for another year, as none 
matured on this? 
Ans. —1. The Wire Grass of eastern or tide¬ 
water Virginia is identical with the Ber¬ 
muda Grass of more Souther* regions, as may 
be seen by tbe report for 1881, of Dr. Pollard, 
Commissioner of Agriculture of Virginia. In 
Virginia, however, its habit is rather differ¬ 
ent from that grown further South. In the 
latter section it is prostrate, spreading rapid¬ 
ly by root-stocks, forming a dense sward and 
rarely reaching a bight of six Inches. In Vir¬ 
ginia it is diffuse and thin, often reaching a 
higtat of 10 to 12 inches iu tbe growing corn 
but iu both cases it is tho true Cynodon dac- 
tylou. 2. Teosinte was tried at tho Rural 
Grounds years ago. It did not bloom there, 
and we do not think it will mature seed with 
you. We should prefer Indian corn. Seeds¬ 
men sell the seed. 
Miscellaneous. 
A. H. McC.. Rusk, Texas, sends three kiuds 
of grass for name, and asks their value for 
hay; also the name and cost of works treating 
exclusively on grasses, and on the chemical 
analysis of tho Boil. 
Ans.—N o. 1 isaPaspalum, but the speci¬ 
men sent was too small for us to determine 
which species. The Paspalums are all succu¬ 
lent, nutritious grasses and. according to 
Phares, they rank next to Timothy in nutri¬ 
tive matter. No. 2 seems to be Panicnm vir- 
gatum—Tall Smooth Panic Grass. This 
thrives on a sandy, moist soil and is nutriti¬ 
ous, if out young. No. 3 is Eriantbus brovl- 
barbia—Sbort-awned Wooly Beard-grass. Not 
valuable. The Farmer's Book of Grosses by D. 
L. Phares, published at Starkville, Miss., and 
The Grasses of Tennessee, by J. B. Killebrew, 
published by tbe Am. Pub. Co., Nashville, 
Tenn., both treat of the grasses of the South¬ 
ern States, aud will, wo think, meet your re¬ 
quirements. We cannot give the price of 
either. We do not know of any work on tho 
Chemical Analysis of tho soil. How Crops 
Grow, by S. W. Johnson, $2, you will find 
valuable. Caldwell’s Agricultural Chemical 
Analysis, 82, is also a good work; so are 
Johnston’s Agricultural Chemistry, 81.75, 
and Johnston’s Elements of Agricultural 
Chemistry. Any of theso works can be ob¬ 
tained through the nearest book-store, or the 
Am. Nows Co., this city. 
E. F., Marietta, Pa. —What is a remedy for 
the borer in apple and peach orchards? 
Ans. —The larvm of these borers can be cut 
out in the Spring, or they may be killed with 
a flexible wire by punching them in the holes 
they have made. Keep the trunks of the 
trees coated with lye, or common or carbolio 
soap suds, to repel tho beetles duriug the egg- 
depositing season. Vigorous trees are not so 
liable to the attacks of tho borer, for a surface 
where the bark is broken attracts the beetles. 
A. M, T. t Farmington, W. Va., sends a 
seedliug apple and asks whether It is worth 
propagating; and what would be a good name 
for it. 
Ans. —It is a good-looking, red apple, and 
appears to be a very late keeper, and for that 
reuson we could tell nothing of the quality. 
As much depends upon growth and hardiness 
of tree as upon the quality of the fruit, aud 
no one can tell from a single specimen, or a 
single year whether any fruit is worthy of 
cultivation. This apple looks well, however. 
W. A. V., Bellaire, Ohio — What works 
treat of grape culture? 
Ans —Husmann’s American Grape-grow¬ 
ing and Wine making, 81.50; Fuller’H Grupo 
Culturist, $1.50: Thin’s Open Air Grape Cul¬ 
ture, 8L at-fl devoted exclusively to the grape. 
The subject is also treated at considerable 
length in all standard works on pomology and 
small fruits. Tho above works can be ob¬ 
tained through the American News Company, 
New York City. 
R. R. Y., Macedonia. Ohio .— What is a good 
work on soiling? 
Ans.—S oiling stock is treated of incident¬ 
ally in several works on agriculture; but tbe 
only work devoted exclnsively to the subject, 
so far as we know, is “Soiling Cattle,” by the 
Hon. Josiah Quincy, $125; tube had through 
the American News Company, New York 
City. 
W. E. E Peoria, III .— Will the slack of soft 
coal bo a good application for fruit trees? 
Weeds will not grow, nor will mice burrow 
in it. 
Ans. —There is no manurial value in the 
coal slack; it could only act as a mulch, and 
as such we think it would be capital. Put it 
on thick enough so that weeds will uot grow 
through it. 
R. M., Ashtabula, Ohio. —How can I get 
Short-horn cattle registered? 
Anh. —Full information and blank pedigrees 
will be furnished by I. S. Johnson, Sec. Am- 
Short-horn Breeders’ Association, Room 27, 
Montauk Block, Chicago, 111. 
II. P. M,, Blaine, Kans., senile leaves from 
three of the Garden Treasures asking their 
name*. 
An#. —It Is almost impossible to tsll from a 
leaf alone. No. 2. appears te be Adlumia 
cirrhoea—Climbing Fumitory. 
W. C. H., North Grafton, Mass., sends 
two ears of corn for name. 
Ans.—T he short ear is a strain of the old 
New England 8-rowed flint; the long one is 
close upon Compton's Yellow Flint. 
DISCUSSION. 
R L., Troy, N. Y.—In tbe F. C. of October 
11, an inquirer asks whether it is better to 
sell potatoes at 50 cents a bushel or hold them 
for better prices. Why hold them ? F J ft,v 
cents a bushel ought to allow a fair margin 
of profit on a fair crop of potatoes, and I 
cannot think it wise for any farmer to 
hold back potatoes for better prices, 
when,l>y selling thorn at. once, ho can realize a 
fair profit. Even at 25 cents potatoes ought 
to bn a more profitable crop than wheat at 
current figures. In this section fair crops of 
potatoes averaged about 150 bushels per acre, 
and fair crops of wheat, about 17 bushels: and 
the cost per aero is about tbe same. Wheat 
brings about 80c. per bushel. At 25c. a 
bushel, an acre of potatoes would yield $37.50 
against $13.60 from «u acre of wheat. Of 
course, it is morally certain that the prices 
for potatoes will be higher later on than im¬ 
mediately after digging time; but it is very 
doubtful whether they will be so much higher 
that l he difference will pay for shrinkage and 
for insurance against rot. Indeed, I think if 
farmers kept accurate accounts with each of 
their crops, so as to know tho cost of each and 
the profit from it, potatoes would he a more 
popular crop than they are even now. Pota¬ 
toes now bring from $1 to 81 60 a barrel here, 
or say 35c a bushel, which would make $52.50 
per acre. Of course, the cost of harvesting 
and hauling to market is heavier in the case of 
potatoes than of wheat; but there is a gener¬ 
ous murgiu to meet tho excess. 
J. B. B , IToosic Falls, ?N Y.—In the F. 
C., page 071. E. G, B., Dover. Del., asks for 
gome experience in feeding stock to turn the 
waste products of the farm, together with the 
hay. etc , into manure, so as to make the first, 
cost of the feed in tbe operation A great 
deal depends upon the markets he has for the 
meat, and on the care bestowed upon the ani¬ 
mals, both in selecting them at first, and in 
feeding them subsequently. I should think, 
however, that, situated as he is, go near such 
largo cities as Philadelphia, Wilmington, Bal 
tirnore uml Washington, the most certain 
thing to pay would bo the feeding of cows for 
milk, butter and meat production. To do this 
successfully, he should go, or send, during the 
Fall into the dairy districts of Pennsylvania, 
and buy youug farrow cows. Very few of the 
dairymen have any use for these in Winter, 
and they are al ways sold cheap. Take them 
home, put them in warm, well-vontilated 
stab 1 es, and food them liberally on bran, oil- 
meal, cottonseed meal, corn-meal, good 
clover hay, and straw, or corn-stalks. One 
needs also a good mipply of some suc¬ 
culent food, such as mangels, parsnips, car¬ 
rots, or Milage- The cows should give a 
large quanity of rich milk, and where he can 
sell it at or 4 cents a quart, he should find 
a good paying margin beyond tho cost of all 
the feed; or, with butter at 25 cents—and I 
think ho could always get more than that— 
there would l»e something left beyond expenses 
when he came to sell t he cows for beef, when 
fattened. Tbe grout mistake most fenders make 
is in not feeding high enough. Quite a com¬ 
mon error is the belief that profitable feeding 
for milk, butter or beef, requires only a mod¬ 
erate grain ration. Tho truth is, that the 
more rich food the animal cau bo induced to 
eat and thoroughly digest, in a given time, 
tbe greater will be tho return , and doubly 
so the profits. I have put in cows in tho Fall 
at an average cost of 822, whoso milk aud 
butter paid all the cost of feeding and care, 
and which sold iu tho ;8pring for beef at an 
average of $68.25. But one should be per¬ 
fectly satisfied if ho cau get ouly the manure 
as profit. 
Communications Received for the week ending 
Saturday, Oct. 25. 
C. D.—G. W. C,—E. J. B., for ( otato premium.—G‘ 
T. 8., for potato premium —'T. G.'Z. W. P.—C. D.— 
F. L.W., thanks,—L. E. B.—M. B.—J. J. K., for potato- 
prize T. Uoinsty . thunks. No. We do not want the 
potatoes, ouly the weights.—F. J.—E. C.B., for potato 
prom. Do not send us potatoes. We want the 
weights merely. O. W. F W. H. M.-R. N.—W. X. 
B., for potato prize.—M. IS. P.-.T. A. K,, for potato 
prize.—A. K. K„ ditto.-F. K. H.-E. J.-R. I..S. 
—T. C. D„ a line spiel men of the Dleh Piled Iterrunean 
Wheat,-H. McA., potato premium —A. O. R.,thanks. 
L. G.-D. L., for potato premlum.-D. O.—J. E. K — J, 
M. S.-W. M., for potato prize. a, Wonders 
thanks for AUggestlon.'i.-It. M. J., thanks A E. M.— 
A. L. J., thunk*.—J. M. C., wo <lo not sell anything 
except the Rural New-Yorker. Wo nro not a trade 
paper.—J. 8. (}„ the Primus Ptssardtl promises to be 
one of the linen <>f the colored-leaved shrubs or 
small trees—Hibiscus Syrlacus Is the best of the 
variegated shrubs. F. D. C.—It. M .f. B. F. J.—M. Cl. 
the Yellow-wood Is too large for small grounds: the 
Large-leaved Hemlock—Abies Canadensis macro- 
phylia—Is one of the very best evergreens for small 
plACM. 
