707 
THE RURAL WEW-YORKER. 
Among 10 pens of hogs I found only two 
animals of any great merit—a Poland-Cbina 
sow and a Berkshire hoar Some half-grown 
shonts appeared to have good blood in their 
vein*, but they evidently had never bad much 
milk, the onlv food on which to rains line pigs. 
Poultry was conspicuous by Its absence, no 
premiums bein< offered. As in dairy cows, 
so in dairy products, North Carolina never 
made so meritorious an exhibit both as to 
quantity and quality. Usually we have had 
only one or two samples of very inferior but¬ 
ter, hut this year the liberal premium ($30. for 
flrsl) roused 22 of our dairymen to make an 
effort, which must convince those who have 
heretofore contended that North Carolina 
could not make good butter, of their mistake. 
Of Course, our fanners have a good deal to 
learn in regard to dairy matters; yet tbev are 
making a great advance. Not only were 
many of the samples on ■ xhlbitiou of high 
grade, but they were made from such pastures 
as our native grasses (Broom Sedge. Crab 
Grass and Wire Grass) afford. Ten bales of 
notes. i 
Mr. N. W. Craft, of Yadkin County, 
showed specimens of his new seedling grape, 
which he has named Earlv White, of which I 
hope he will send a vine for trial to the Rural 
Grounds. 
Mr. J. W. Perry, of Chatham County, 
showed eight varieties of seedling apples, some 
of which wpro of flue quality; also a very 
large pear, originat'd in Chatham County, 
not yet ripe; It bears two names—Turner and 
Manly. 
All the fruit-growers report the apple crop 
light, inferior in quality, and decaying rapidly. 
t+athering medicinal herbs, roots and burgs, 
is oue of the imnortant interests of North 
Carolina. The headquarters are at States¬ 
ville. One county had 105 different specimens 
on exhibit. 
The French colony of silk-growers, estab¬ 
lished in Moore Countv about a vear ago, 
made a tine ahow of both raw and tlnisbed 
goods. They say they are confident of success, 
Caldwell County produced from two grams 
work the obstacle ud or down with the fingers. 
If the case is urgent, hold a wooden block on 
each side of the throat where the obstacle is, 
and give a smart hlow with a mallet sufficient 
to crush the substance, The blow should be 
strong enough to succeed the first time, and 
will not hurt the animal so much as repeated 
blows. A heavy block should be held opposite 
the mallet. The brui«e will not be serious, 
and will soon heal O'herwfse the gullet 
should ho opeued with a sharp knife—up and 
dowu, ami not across—over the obstacle, 
which is thus removed. The wound is closed 
with stitches. 
Peppers,— There is certainly more pungent 
heat in one of the capsicum peppers of the 
true variety than is contained in n half dozen 
fruits of any other kind combined, says Josiah 
lloopos. in the New York Tribune. His old 
Celtic gardener says one plant will furnish 
several families with nil the heat recessary 
for soup, pickles, hot vinegar, etc . to last a 
year; and he is not far wrong either, for Mr. 
Hoopes uovor siw any plant 
to equal It in productiveness. 
There was on bis plants ac¬ 
tually more fruit tlmn leaves, 
and each one seemed to have 
the capacity of a good cook- 
iug-stnve He tested this sea¬ 
son every known form of pep 
per to be round iu the seeds¬ 
mens’ catalogues, but he hard¬ 
ly thinks his experiments paid, 
owing to the little difference 
existing botweeu them. What 
do wo want with the yellow 
fruits? They are no better 
thau the red, and not nearly 
so handsome. If one has two 
or threo plants of the true 
capsicum for culinary pur¬ 
poses. and, say, five or six of 
the bell peppers for pickling, 
his wants iu that lino are 
really supplied. 
of White Bowden Wheat 81 heads, containing 
8,240 grains, 
Warren County shows 75 of the Iron-clad 
Watermelons, weighing 3,152 pounds; heavi¬ 
est oue, 00 pounds. 
Good order has been maintained so far; no 
drunken men are to be seen; nothing stronger 
than native wines and lager-beer is sold on the 
grounds; no gambling concerns or horse races 
are permi ted. Attendance was light the first 
two weeks; but since the railroad fares have 
been reduced to one cent per mile there has 
been a crowd. P, 
Relieving Choking Cattle.—W hen cows 
are choked by turnips or potatoes, Henry 
Stewart advises to give them a little oil and 
Mr. Alfred Hoskin, near 
Toronto, Canada, reports, in 
the Caundmu Horticulturist, 
that Moore’s Early Grape is a 
poor tiling with him. The 
Lady is also a poor grower 
and unproductive, i'ockling- 
ton is a poor grower, and too 
late. He likes Jessica; it was 
ripe with him September 18. 
Purity promises well with him. 
The flavor is flue and deiieate, 
and he tliluks it will ripen 
with Jessica. He finds Elvira 
hardy, rank-growing, and 
very productive, rip. o mg late. 
The bunches und berries are 
small—quality poor. Burnet 
is not worth growing. He 
deems the Delaware about as 
good a grape as can be growu. 
Brighton ripens berries of 
good size and excellent flavor. 
Iona is too late. 
Havin; beard so much of 
Bliss’s American Wonder Pea, 
he sowed some beside Car¬ 
ter’s Little Gem, and prefer¬ 
red the latter, being more 
prolific and better iu quality. 
A W E L L - AFPRICCIATED 
Farmer Bov The following 
is from our esteemed contem¬ 
porary the Detroit Free Press 
of Oct 31; “The last number 
of the Rural New-Yorker 
contains a full pago portrait 
in connection with an inter 
estmg blogra phie«l sketch of 
Hon. Charles W. Garfield of 
Grand Rapids, graduate of 
the Agricultural College, formerly agricultu¬ 
ral editor of the Free Press, ex member of the 
Legislature and Secretary of the Michigan 
Horticultural Society. i here are few farm¬ 
ers or fruit-growers in the State who have 
attended the agricultural fairs or conventions 
for the past, ten years, who do not personally 
know Mr Garfield, and, those who do not per¬ 
sonally know him have read aud admired and 
greatly profited by his brilliant writings on 
farm topics.” 
Ill Luck in Sorghum Sugar Making. 
Our respected friend. Mr. B. P. Jobn-on, says, 
in the Cultivator, that the Champaign (Ills.) 
Sugar Works Company, finding it impossible 
to run wi bout loss with raw sugar at five 
cents aud below, and a slow sale for sirup, 
even at 15 to 18 cents a gallon, stopped grind¬ 
ing und manufacturing on October 17th. 
There were at the time 75 acres of excellent 
cane standing id the field, which was to be 
wrought into sirup by oue of tbp stockholders. 
Starting in 1882,.the company had the season 
MEREDITH QUEEN RASPBERRY. (FronU Nature.) Fig. 489. (See page 793.) 
2. The Washington Committee was thanked. 
The Wyoming Territory laws were recom¬ 
mended as models. 
3. Various journals were thanked. 
4. 1 hat this Convention send the most cor¬ 
dial greeting to the St. Louis Convention, 
and that that body’s co-operation be re¬ 
quested. 
5 Referred to Government lauds tenure, 
and because much of that land is unfit for 
agricultural purposes, and the Western stock- 
men are willing to pay moderately for the 
use of such lands, it was “resolved” that the 
Washington Committee should be urged to 
try to obtain legislation favoring rental to 
stockmen of public lands between the Mis¬ 
souri River and Pacific (Jc=an, although such 
rental was not to conflict with the present 
United States Land Laws. 
0 That there should be a special trail for 
Texas c ittle. and that Dodge City, Kan , and 
Ogalalla, Neb., be made the only railroad 
distributing points for them. 
The convention adopted the first resolution, 
after some debate. The sec- 
were adopted without de¬ 
bate. The fourth resolution 
was considerably debated. 
The idea of recognizing the 
St. Louis convention was not 
liked. Further action was 
postponed until the afternoon. 
Then the report of the Com¬ 
mittee on Permanent Organ- 
izatiou was adopted. The 
membership fee is $15, with 
50 cents annual dues. The 
following officers of the per¬ 
manent organization of this, 
the National Cattle Growers’ 
Association, were elected: 
President, Do Witt Smith, of 
Springfield, 111.; Secretary, 
Thos. tRurgis, Cheyenne, Wy- 
ond and third resolutions 
oining; Treasurer, John Clay, 
Jr,, Chicago. Executive Com¬ 
mittee: T. C. Anderson, T. B. 
Wales, T. C. Jones, N. M. Cur¬ 
tis, C. M. Culbertson, J. M. 
Carey, W. A. Towers, G. W. 
Simpson. The rest of the 
afternoon was spout in dis¬ 
cussing the resolutions. It 
was finally agreed that the 
committee should simply co¬ 
operate with the convention 
at St. Louis. Concerning 
government land, consider¬ 
able debate led to referring 
that matter to the commit¬ 
tee of nine who are to visit 
Washington this Winter, A 
resolution wusudopted censur¬ 
ing the exhorbitant charges 
on live stock and dressed beef 
shipments. Various thanks 
were voted, aud the conven¬ 
tion adjourned sine die, af¬ 
ter a genex'ally harmonious 
session. la moille. 
--- 
THE NORTH CAROLINA 
EXPOSITION. 
(RURAL SPECIA.L REPORT.) 
A full description of the 
great North Gurolina Exposi¬ 
tion would take up several 
numbers of ties Rural, con¬ 
sequently I will simply say 
that it is a great success, and 
in variety and quality of pro¬ 
ductions could not, as a whole, 
be surpassed by any State in 
the Union. I will, therefore, 
confine these notes to what 
may be more properly termed 
the State Fair. Of the horses 
I can say but little, os not 
much opportunity was afforded for inspec¬ 
tion, except as they were brought before 
the Committee, at which time I was un¬ 
able to attend; but. so far as I saw, none 
particularly flue was shown. ArnoDg cattle 
the Jerseys predominated; next in numbers 
were the Guernseys, tdere being about 20 of 
the former and balf-a dozen of the latter, to¬ 
gether with four Devons, one Hereford, and 
a few grade Jerseys. Heretofore the pre 
miurus have been carried off by breeders from 
other States, but this year the society decided 
(and wisely, I think ) to confine the competi¬ 
tion to North Carolinian?, and the result Is 
the best exhibit of cattle ever made in the 
State. With three or four exceptions, every 
animal was really good. 
Of she^p there were 15 entries, comprising 
Cotswolds, South Downs, Shropshires, and 
their grades. Notably of merit were an im¬ 
ported Cotswold ram and some Webb South 
Downs. There was a bo a pen of Merinos, a 
breed which should receive more attention 
from our Southern sheep men. 
hay comprising clover, Orchard Grass and 
Red Top, and 18 bajesof cotton were exhibited 
Of fruit there were only two prominentdis 
plays. These from Chatham and Yadkin 
Counties made a fiue appearance, the former 
containing 60 varieties of apples ami 17 of 
peais; the latter, 30 of apples aud nine of 
pears aud also a collection of grapes which 
were badly shriveled trom long keeping and, 
of course, had lost flavor. Twenty specimens 
of dried fruit and about the same Dumber of 
grains comprised all there was in the building 
set apart for the purpose, though we under¬ 
stood there were a largo number of en¬ 
tries in the different classes, scattered around 
in all parts of the mam building; but if the 
committees were able to find those, they were 
endued with more patience than your corres¬ 
pondent. The main exposition attracted the 
main crowd. Tbe premium list was quite 
limited, and clouds of dust abated somewhat 
the interest in the fair, yet, upon the whole, 
it may be considered the most successful of 
any we have had for several years, m. b. p. 
