DEC 8 
842 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
so secured to each other that the fence may 
accommodate itself to rolling or hilly laDd, 
whtleat the same time there will be no break 
in the line of the panels The fence sections 
are made of a number of roils. A, the one 
next to the top being shorter than the rest. 
The battens, B. at the ends of each section or 
pan* 1. are set back some distance from the 
ends of the rails. 
The panels of the fence are connected at the 
adjacent, ends bv pin a, which forms a pivot 
joint between the sections, and allows them 
to take any desired angle which may f*e found 
necessary tn carrying a line t f fence over very 
uneven land, Before the sections of fence are 
p voted together, the meeting ends of the long 
rails are well lapped over each other, and 
the pivot joint is made in the middle rail, 
about “Inch the section will pivot. The two 
shear braces O. (Fig. 503) are secured at their 
lower ends to a 
transverse sill D,, 
which has a notch 
cut mtoitBtopedge 
at an intermediate 
point between its 
extreme ends. The 
two lower meeting 
rails of the sections 
rest within this 
notch. The crotch 
between the upper 
ends of the shear 
braces C. receives 
the top rails of the 
two pivoted sec 
tions.and keeps the 
ends of these rails 
together when sot. up. The ends of the rails 
next to the top—these rails being shorter 
than the others—are shoved up firmly 
against the support C before the bole for 
the pin a. Is bored,so t hat, when this pin is put 
in place the fence becomes very firm A 
block or stone may bo placed under each end 
of tho support C„ so as to keep It from the 
ground, and thus make it more durable. 
Perhaps the simplest of all portable fences 
is that devised by David Denham, a- early as 
18(51, shown at Fig. 504, It can be made by 
any farmer. It consists of a series of fence 
panels made of any convenient length. The 
frame which connects the adjacent ends of the 
panels is shown In the detail drawing Fig. 505. 
It comprises sim¬ 
ply two inclined 
standards D, D. 
jointed at top and 
bottom with cross 
ties E. E. In the 
cross ties are mor¬ 
tises 1. 1. sufficient 
to receive the over¬ 
lapping ends of the 
first and fourth 
rails of tlio contig¬ 
uous panels. Next to these mortises are small¬ 
er mortises 2 2 commuuicatiug therewith, into 
which wedge-shaped keys F. are driven to se¬ 
cure the whole together. This fence is easily 
taken to pieces and set up, w ithout the necessity 
of digging post holes, aud these supports can 
also be placed on blocks or stones if desired. 
$.rcl)ilfclurf. 
A GENERAL PURPOSE BARN. 
We show this week a barn and plons.drawn 
by Martin F. Bragg, Waterloo, N. Y. In 
Fig. 499, Fig. 5 is the side elevation; Fig 4, a 
plan of the basement, and Fig. 2, odo of the 
ground floor. The barn is 40x70 feet, and l be 
posts are 24 feet tn bight, lu Fig. 2 A. A. are 
mows 16x40; K, B thrashing floors with gran¬ 
ary between them; O. C. are passage-ways in 
the granary; D. D. D. are grain bins,5x6 feet; 
E. E. E. E. are openings through which hay 
can be thrown into the basement; F. F. are 
cupboards for bags, seives. etc.; G is entrance 
to stair-way leading to the basement; H. H. 
H. H. are double doors, lu Fig 4 A. is the 
wall; B. the cow stuble; C. the feed racks; D. 
D. open spaces; E. sheep pens; F. openings 
through which hay diops from above, D. is 
the horse stable Fig 500 shows the end view 
of the frame at Fig. 1; and of the end com¬ 
plete at. Fig. 3 A view ol tne partitions be 
tween the stalls is shown at Hg 501. The 
barn will accommodate eight horses, and 
seven cows. 
3m)usl’l Sociclifs. 
The Eighth Annual Convention op the 
New York State Dairymen’s Association 
will be held at Owego, N. Y , commencing 
December 16 and continuing till the evening 
of the 18tb, At this meeting Dr. Sturtevant 
will read a paper on ‘‘Experiments in Feed¬ 
ing;” Mr. Arba Campbell one on “Feeding 
Cattle and the Care of Dairy Cows;” Mr. 
F. s. Peer one on “Feeding Stock;” Mr Ken¬ 
yon Terry ou "Feeding, a Soecialty;” Mr. 
John Shatnck on “Breeding and the Care of 
Dairy Stock;” Prof. I. P. Roberts, on “Profit 
and Doss;” Mr. B. D. Gilbert, on "Present 
and Future Prospects of tne Dairy Tradef 
Prof. James Law. on “Contagious Di«ease9 of 
Live Stock, etc.;” Bon H It. Low, on “Gen¬ 
eral Aspects;” Mr. Flint Blanchard, on “The 
Farmer’s Mistake;” Mr. T. D. Curtis, on 
“Dairying in the West.” Besides these, many 
other questions w ill be considered There is 
so much need for improvement in the general 
dairy methods of the country that there 
should t^e a very full attendance. The rail 
roads leading to Uwego will return all who 
pay full fare one way, at one third fare. 
Josiab Sbull, of lllion is the Secretary. 
The Twenty Seventh Annval Meeting 
op the Missouri State Horticultural 
Society will be held at St. Joseph. Mo., from 
Decemoer 9 to 11, inclusive. The fruit to be 
sent to the New Orleans Exposition from the 
State is to be collected and shown at that 
Keeping Cabbages. — The Agricultural 
Department of ttie ■ ourant advises us to strip 
cabbages almost as closely as for boiling; pack 
the heads loosely and somewhat separately in 
layers, with clean small sticks of firewood 
criss cross in barrels that “ill not bold water, 
to be sunk nearly level with the earth in some 
cold, dry, but accessible place handy by the 
house. Cover only to keep out most of the 
snow and rain. Never mind trust, except to 
keep it in the cabbages when once it gets 
there; and so sound, clear, crisp cabbage, 
ready for the kettle, can always be had till 
May. 
Cider Apple Sauce —The Massachusetts 
Ploughman says that th« cider apple sauce, so 
common on every farm fifty years ago, was 
made by boiling down new cider one half,and 
Blodgett’s Fence. Fig. 502. 
meeting, and this alone should bring together 
u goodly assemblage, aud when we look at 
the programme provided, we cannot see how 
any prominent fruit grower can afford to re¬ 
main away. Mr. L A. Goodman, Secretary, 
Westport, Mo., will give all desired informa¬ 
tion. 
•Hliscdlaiteons. 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
How the Farm Pays: by William Crozier 
and Peter Henderson. This is u handsomely 
gotten up, printed and bound book of 400 
pages, giving, lu a conversational wHy, the 
40 years’ experience of a successful farmer 
and a market gardener. It purports to have 
been a conversation between the authors, 
takcu down as uttered, by a stenographer. It 
treats, iu a general way, of selecting a farm, 
and fitting up for the business; of manures, 
and their modes of application: of fitting the 
soil, and sow ing the seed; of rotation tud char¬ 
acteristics of the various crops; of the grasses, 
then, after paring and quartering the apples 
cooking them in the boiled cider until soft. 
This is so easily done, that every one who likes 
it should make it, rather than buy an article 
that is sometimes made of unsalable dried 
apples. 
Cats in TnE Barn.—As we learn from the 
Live-Stock Iudicator.tho Kansas Agricultural 
College keeps constantly at tho burn two to 
four stalwart, cats, and these are kept, not 
because they happen to be there, nor yet to 
furnish specimens for dissection by the class 
in Anatomy, but for the strictly business pur¬ 
pose of killing rats and mice. These cats are 
fed new milk morning and evening, all that 
they will eat, and they get it before the pigs 
and calves get theirs. With this treatment 
the cats never get fat, but are always sleek 
and iu a strictly business mood. An old cat 
upon which half a dozen lesser cuts depend for 
their daily supply of provisions is an uucom- 
promistngfoe of all four-legged vermin. 
Scalded Oats as Feed.— An old farmer 
says, in the Live Stock Indicator, that there 
is no feed so good to keep animals iu flesh dur- 
Dunham Portable Fence. Fig. 504. 
and cutting and curing hay; of the live stock 
of the farm; of the pests of the farm and 
farmers; of farm machinery, tho farm cul¬ 
ture of roots, and their comparison with 
silage for feeding purposes; also of the farm 
culture of small fruits for home use. Alto¬ 
gether, it is a very readable book, aud con¬ 
tains much useful informatiou In most 
things its teachings are correct, though in 
somethings we should be compelled to join 
issue with the authors; but ihatis one of the 
best features of the book, as it shows they had 
some positive opinions. Sold by Peter Hen¬ 
derson &Co , 35 and 37 Cortlandt St., N Y. 
Consular Reports or reports of the Con¬ 
suls of tho United States on the credit and 
trade systems of ibeir several districts, in 
at swer to a circular from the Department of 
State: No. 44-an instructive compilation of 605 
pages, published by the Department of State. 
iDg Winter as scalded oats. For mares, cows 
and sheep that are to raise young ones, it is 
superior to almost auv other feed, as it not 
only puts the animals in good condition to 
furnish milk abundautly, but the young at 
birth are stroug aud active. W heat bran is 
also an excellent feed for breeding animals, 
given in the form of a mess. 
Prof. Arnold, according to the New Eng¬ 
land Farmer, says that he has “fully solved 
the problem of how to keep butter sweet for 
au iudefitilce period, by takmg it from the 
churn in the granular form, aud alter rinsing 
it sufficiently in water or brine, packing it in 
firkins in strong brine without any working 
whatever.” 
Creamery and Dairy Butter.— Mr. D. 
F. Rogers, in the New York Tribune, gives a 
pretty bad picture of the creamery system of 
butter-making in the West He says the 
cream, thick and thin, clean and filthy, is 
gathered in wagons, and cotnes sloshing and 
foaming to be dumped into big vats at the 
creamery, and then ice of very doubtiul char¬ 
acter is thrown directly among the filthy 
mass, which is thence bucketed into the churn, 
from which the butter is shoveled out. worked 
and packed, redoleut of all the smells of the 
surrounding ten miles. There is no good but¬ 
ter made at the creameries, he avers, and yet 
such butter as they do make, sells fora higher 
price than strictly prime farm dairy. There 
is undoubtedly much truth in these statements, 
and the low price of dairy butter is owing to 
the fact that farm dairies sell their butter to a 
careless and often dishonest, class, who try to 
make the good, sell the poorer grades. 
Agricultural Products of Missouri.— 
Prof. J W Sanborn. Secretary of the Mis¬ 
souri State Board of Agriculture, in his No¬ 
vember report, says the average of the corn 
crop for the State is 35 7 bushels, or an aggre 
gate of 209,887,594 bushels—the largest crop 
ever grown in Missouri. Yield of castor 
beans, 10 bushels; tobacco, 1,030 pounds; 
hemp, 967 pounds; broom corn, 1,063 pounds; 
barley, 32.2 bushels, and potatoes 108 bushels 
per acre. He reports a growing disposition to 
give more attention to grass and stock, and to 
grow less graiu. He sa.vs the creameries, 
tnough not managed as they should be, are 
meeting with success, and thinks that as the 
managers get more knowledge of t he business 
and give them better care, they will become 
very popular. The average number of cows 
to each creamery at present is 308. 
Best Ration for Milk and Butter.— 
There is no ration which, fed to a cow, will 
give as good milk or butter as corn meal and 
good wheat bran. There may be others which 
will produce these products cheaper, but the 
quality will be inferior; so says the wide¬ 
awake little Farm Journal But we are in¬ 
clined to believe that it has never tried the 
new-process oil-meai, or it certainly would 
talk differently. Wo much profora mixture 
of corn-meal, bran, new-process oil meal, and 
a good liberal supply of Yellow Globe Man¬ 
gels. Try it, brother, anti eat a little gilt- 
edge butter foroneo. The trouble with the cot¬ 
ton seed meal and the old fashioned ground 
oil cake which you justly condemn, is that 
they contain too large a percentage of free 
oil, and this imparts uu oily and disagreeable 
taste to the milk or butter. The new-process 
meal contains very little of this, and is a 
sweet, wholesome, nutritious, and in every 
way desirable food. 
To the Ohio Fair Managers.— Mr. L. 
B. Pierce, in the N Y. Tribune, says that the 
Ohio State Board of Agriculture received 
$1,500 for the privilege or selling lager beer on 
the ground atOoluiiibusdiiriug theState Fair. 
This probably does not represent one tenth of 
the money token by tho venders from the 
people iu attendance. Thus the Board were 
willing the public should be taxed not less 
than #15,000 that they might scoop in the lit¬ 
tle #1,500. But theu Columbus water is so 
bad! No wonder, gentlemen, that you are 
restive under the public gaze, and that your 
consciences trouble you so much that you see 
snakes tn your dreams. These, like Banquo’s 
ghost, will m'rerdowu till you banish all dis¬ 
reputable concerns from your fair grounds. 
Don’t you kuo*v that bad as Columbus water 
may be, converting it into swill beer does not 
make it any better sanitarily; but, theu, those 
$1,500 have a wonderful effect on some people! 
For shame, gentlemen, you should better ap¬ 
preciate your high position and the duty which 
you owe to the fair name of agriculture. 
Be decent: be truthful; be honest, aud be not 
too avaricious. 
Fitting for Wheat.— Mr. Vanderhoff re¬ 
ported to the Elmira Farmers’ Cluo an exper¬ 
iment in sowing wheat, wherein he rolled a 
portion of the field immediately after the 
plowing, then harrowed thoroughly and 
rolled aguin; then drilled the wheat and rolled 
again. Tnis treatment was given to two acres 
iu a six-acre field, and the two acres yielded 
more tbau the other four. This is confirma¬ 
tory of the Rural’s theory of wheat raising, 
that the ground cun hardly be made too hard 
beneath or too Btelloyv in the upper two inches 
of soil. Our whole experience has taught us 
to plow early, aud it will be ail the better if a 
heavy rain intervenes between the plowing 
and sowing, and then give nn abunuance of 
shallow surface-cultivation, applying the man¬ 
ure, if auy is used, to the immediate surface 
soil, not putting auy of it below two Inches, 
aud the appearance of our present wheat fields 
shows that that is the true method of seeding, 
PITHS AND SUGGESTIONS. 
Prof. Morrow, of the Illinois Ind. Uni¬ 
versity, expresses the opinion, in the Prairie 
