JTHWlliimr^s; 
Vol XLII. N 
NEW YORK, MARCH 17 
PRICE FIVE CENTS, 
*2.00 PER YEAR. 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1888, by the Rural New-Yorker, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
all the leave* of the plant may be cut off near¬ 
ly to tho leaf-stalk, leaving only the young, 
new, interior leaf, just before setting. This 
will prevent evaporation and not injure the 
plants at all, as these outer leaves nsually die 
upon the soil which should be broken and 
pulverized, even up to the stems of the plants, 
which will necessitate the use of the hoe. 
The culture of late varieties is essentially the 
same as for the early. The seed should be 
CULTIVATION OF THE CABBAGE 
f oiL and Its Preparation:—A 
v well-drained sandy loam is the 
best soil for the cabbage; low, 
' wet, cold soil the worst, What¬ 
ever the nature of the laud on 
which this crop is grown,it must 
be rich; the richer the better. No 
* one need to expect success on a 
thin, worn-out soil; it is a hard matter to 
get the laud too rich. In the Spring spread 
on a heavy coating of well-rotted stable ma¬ 
nure, aud plow it under, aud if commercial 
fertilizers are used, apply them after the 
Savoy—Fig. 110. 
purpose is served by spraying the plants with 
water in which a small quantity of this is 
added—the same as with hellebore for the 
currant worm. Bellows are now manufac¬ 
tured for this purpose also. Prof. Budd ! s 
remedy is gas-tar water sprinkled on once a 
week. Dr. Sturtevant s remedy is half a pound 
each of hard soap and kerosene oil in three 
gallons of water. Early plants are also much 
troubled by the flea-beetle (Haltica striotata) 
which eats off the seed-leaves as soon as they 
appear above ground. Give the plants a good 
dusting twice a week with land plaster or air- 
slaked lime. The Harlequin Cabbage-beetle 
(Stracbia histrionica) is most common in the 
South and the surest remedy for its ravages is 
hand-picking. 
TESTS. 
The seeds of all the following were sown in 
the hills, the rows two feet eight inches apart 
Red Pickling Cabbage—Fig. 10S, 
sown in well prepared beds in the open ground 
about May 1. Transplant about June 25 for 
this climate; some varieties may be set out 
even later, as in July. 
Insect Pests.— Early varieties have a for¬ 
midable enemy iu the cut-worm, and the best 
way to prevent its ravages is to force the young 
plants, to get them beyond the reach of the 
pest. It is a good plan to have a supply of 
surplus plants on hand and where needful sub¬ 
stitute them for the ones destroyed, being 
fb'st sure that the enemy is crushed, literally. 
Winxingstadt—Fig. l(ki. 
plowing and harrow them iu. Thoroughly 
pulverize the soil before planting; the cabbage 
needs a deep, rich, well-tilled bed to produce 
profitable results. 
Sowing and Planting:— For the early va¬ 
rieties of cabbage the seed should be sown in a 
hot-bed during the early part of February in 
tliis latitude, and the young plants will then 
be ready to set out in the permanent bed as 
soon as needed. Many market gardeners pre* 
fer to sow the seed early in September in the 
open ground aud about the middle of October 
prick out the plants into cold-frames, where 
they maj- remain until Spring, giving them 
air occasionally during the Whiter; they will 
need no other care. For the small garden it 
will do quite ns well to sow in a hot-bed in the 
Spriug. The plants are more tender. 
The laud should be marked off into rows two 
feet apart, and the plants sot iu these at a dis¬ 
tance of about 18 inches from each other, 
more or less, according to variety. In remov¬ 
ing tho plants from the hot-bed, take up a good 
portion of the soil, with a fork or somo other 
appropriate implement, so as to leave all the 
small, fibrous roots intact. One person can 
drop the plants as fast as two can set them. A 
•‘dibble” is very convenient to assist iu the 
Savoy—Fig. 111. 
—the hills two feet apart. After marking, iu 
every iutersection a dozen seeds were sown. 
The laud received chemical fertilizers only, 
spread upon the surface and raked iu. 
No. 1.—Early Sugar Loaf. Seeds failed, 
though sown twice. No. 2.—Drumhead Savoy. 
One of the best Savoys to head. No. 8.—Early 
Early Ox heart—Fig. 107. 
transplanting, or where the soil is soft aud 
friable the hand can bo used to draw a por¬ 
tion of the soil forward and allow it to fall 
lock again when the plant is set. Many select 
moist weather for transplanting. It is well to 
do so unless cure is taken to prevent wilting. If, 
however, the dibble hole is filled with water 
j ust before the plant is sot and a little loose soil 
thrown about the plant afterwards, it matters 
ittle whether the soli is moist or drv. Again 
Filderkrapt— Fig. 113. 
Jersey Wakefield, July 38, This differs from 
No. 5 iu being later, iu having a lighter color 
and in forming heads more uniformly pointed 
conical, and, more rarely, rouudisb conical. 
The heads are more solid also, though the main 
stem and mid-veins are much larger, so that 
there is less flesh, so to speak, to eat. At this 
date au average head weighs 81 ounces, though 
not over two-thirds the size of No. 5. 
Early Jersey Wakefield— Fig. 109. 
patches bund cultivators will do economical 
service. It will be sufficient to run the culti¬ 
vator only one way until the plants attain 
quite u growth, though deep cultivation is not 
necessary at any time. Sometimes heavy 
rains, followed by hot weather, leave a crust 
Iu garden culture, the ravages of this cut¬ 
worm may be entirely prevented by wrap¬ 
ping about the stem of each plant u piece of 
mauilla or any strong pa pur and holding it 
with tho soil at the bott -i. inis is very 
easily done, though iu field culture it may not 
