r OWLEF£ 
YORK X PUII^V ' 61 
?heb E st, N u ^ 
send f;°- p (5ir C u^ p - 
FOWLER K WOODWORTH ^ h 4NNOCKFALLS.N; Y - 
will soon bo able to determine newel's quite 
easily. 
UNCLE Mark frequently receives letters 
from the nieces rmd nephews, in which they 
state that, they have written to us once or 
twice before, but as their letters were uot. pub¬ 
lished, they uupposed them to have lteen thrown 
in the waste baskets I)o the Cousins ever 
think why their letters are not published? 
Although we are always glnd to hear from 
you all, and would not discourage your writing, 
we sometimes think it preferabl'' to print let¬ 
ters from those boys ami gills that write nice, 
neat., well-spelled, interesting ones. It is a 
good motto to "‘look before you leap, and so 
if you will read your letter over carefully 
once or twice before you seal it, and consider 
whether you think the other Cousins will be 
interested in it., perhaps you may make some 
very beneficial changes, so that. U. M. may 
want somelmdy beside himself to read it. 
|ftt.aic*Uaneott* 
OLD TIMES, NO. II 
HOW WE GOT OUR WINTER clothes. 
r HE first process was to sow an 
acre or two of flax. When 
rip® ^ was pulled up by the 
roots and spread evenly upon 
the ground with the weeds 
separated. When dry it was 
bound in bundles, carried to 
the baru, and the seeds 
thrashed off by taking it up in small bunches 
ami whipping it over the side of a barrel. It 
was then spread out. in the meadow in smooth, 
straight swaths to rot (as we called it), during 
which process the inside of the stalk became 
tender and easily broken and separated from 
the outside fiber or valuable part. These 
swaths were occasionally turned over by run¬ 
ning a smooth pole under them, thus exposing 
tt»p sidos eniiallv to sun and rain. M hen sut- 
PROFESSOR 
? flOSPHA77c 
PEANUT CULTURE 
Probably there is not one among the Ru¬ 
ral’s large family of Cousins who does not 
relish a cup of peanuts now and then, and 
maybe there are some who would like to try 
raising them for their own use. Peanuts need 
to have a long season in which to grow aud 
come to perfection, and this is one reason why 
they arc not more generally cultivated in the 
North, Our early frosts in the Fall follow 
almost too closely on the heels of "windy 
March’ 1 for these tender Southern plants; but. 
if they are started in hot-beds early in the 
Spring, and are transplanted as soon ns the 
weather becomes warm, this difficulty may be 
obviated and the fruit will come to maturity 
iu September. 
The peanut is a rather curious-growing plant. 
After the yellow flowers disappear the part 
which is t o bear the peanut is thrust downward 
into the earth, anil in the loose, rich soil this 
ovary, as it is called, liegius to develop into 
the peanut. 
But now as to directions for planting, culti¬ 
vating and gathering them. The ground 
should be well pulverized and manured, the 
mellower and richer the better. Mark out 
rows each 30 inches apart, and at the inter¬ 
section of these rows plant two nuts, first hav¬ 
ing cracked their shells, and cover them about 
one-inch-and-half deep. Plants transferred 
from hot>-beds should be placed this distance 
apart, so that they may be well cultivated with 
horse and hand hoe. In gathering thrust a 
fork under the hill, just as some people dig 
potatoes, and carefully loosen the nuts from 
the ground. In two or three days stack the 
plants iu small stacks so that they may cure, 
and cover them with something to protect 
them from the rain. In three or four weeks 
the peanuts will do to pick. 
I imagine that if the Cousins will try this 
plan they will find much pleasure in raising 
these uncommon Northern plants, and enjoy 
eating the nuts (if they are successful in rais¬ 
ing them), much more since they are, in a 
sense, the result of their own care and cul¬ 
tivation. * Uncle Mark. 
YOUNG QUERIST. 
,7. H. N.. Cadillac, Mich., wants to know 
where he can get reeds or tongues for accord- 
eons. 
Ans. —Any dealer in musical instruments 
can supply yon, 
P. J., Monroe, Mich .—Will the names of 
Club members that were put on your list last 
year remain there this year i 
Ans. —They will, and we hope to have many 
more. 
O. F. F., Blackstonc, Mass. —Where can I 
obtain the report of the recent Ensilage Con¬ 
gress i 
Ans.— Of J. B. Brown, Secretary, 55 Beck¬ 
man St., N, Y. 
B. A. L., Greenport , N. Y. —What is the 
the name of the caterpillars that Infest apple- 
trees every Summer, and how can they be 
kept in subjection or prevented from making 
their nests ; 
Ans.—I t is the apple-tree Tent Caterpillar, 
kn< >wn scientifically as Clisiocampa Americana. 
The egg clusters in the branches, should be 
sought out in early Spring and cut, off and 
burned. If these cannot all be found, the nests 
should lie destroyed while small. The early 
and late hours of the day are best for removing 
these nests, as the caterpillars are then " at 
home,” and can be destroyed. Nests that are 
iu large branches that cauuot well bo cut off 
without detriment to the tree,may be burnt out 
with a torch or “swabbed” out with a long pole. 
IF, C. B., Naperville, 111., wants to know 
what is’good for plant lice. 
Ans. —Plant, lice or aphides can be destroyed 
by the use of tobacco, applied as smoke or in 
infusion. To fumigate plants put them in a box 
wliieh may be inclosed to prevent the smoke 
from escaping, and place some damp tobacco 
stems upon a few live coals in an old flower¬ 
pot or iu an iron vessel. Ur tobacco water may 
be applied. Take some cheap tobacco or 
“stems,” and cover them with water in any 
convenient vessel. After diluting the infusion 
thus made until it has the color of common 
tea, it may be applied with a syringe or with 
a common watering-]«it. Where a large quan¬ 
tity of plants are to be treated, some prefer to 
dip them in a tub containing diluted tobacco 
water. There are various parasites that keep 
plant lice in check, and t hey should not bo 
killed as t hey often exterminate the lice more 
effectually than the tobacco does. 
Made from Professor Hereford's Acid 
Phosphate. 
Recommended by leading physicians. 
Makes lighter biscuit, cakes, etc., and 
is healthier thun ordiuary Baking Pow¬ 
der. 
In llottlrs Sold nt a reasonable price. 
Tlie Horsiord Aimnimc aud Cook Hook 
sent free. 
Kumford Chemical Works, Providence, R 
H.»I. ANTIION Y, Ag’t m and KJCJ Keade 8t.. N. V 
in making paper. In the bouse the women 
ran it through a finer batehel, which sep¬ 
arated the tangled mass called tow from the 
straight, long fiber, the latter of which was 
spun on a small wheel at whidi the operator 
sat and propelled with the foot, and the for¬ 
mer was carded by band into rolls or bats, 
and spun on the large wheel the same as the 
one on which the wool u as spun. It then 
went to the weaver like the wool, the tow to 
be made into coarse doth for men’s working 
wear and the flax into shirts, sheets, table- 
linen and towels. Borne was colored blue in 
the thread and woven into stripes aud checks 
for men’s and boys’ Sunday wear. 
The choicest of this linen cloth was bleached 
in the piece by spreading it on the grass and 
frequently sprinkling aud turning it. To 
have all this work done at. present prices of 
labor would cost perhaps four times the price 
of cotton goods now used for the same pur¬ 
poses. But what of the spinning girls, the 
weaving women and the working men t Are 
they any more healthy and happy for the 
change < Well 1 we could not if we would 
stop the current of progress. In speaking 
Monarch and Young America 
CORN AND COB MILLS. 
_ NJSlsHS/ Onl, Mills made with 
CAST wst, wkkl crisdbrs. 
Wirm.ud rtirwrlnr to uny in 
_ ^ ~~ Jf*SUrri" i ® ,<1 for 111 iAl r P 4B '* Will grind 
- — -'dS , A rtitor, ran oawiier, *ud long- 
S»tl»f»c«Fn gtiammcrd. 
; A 1*0 Cbrn Sh*lt»r«, Seed Cot. 
I Mr" t ® r " a ,u <- Send tor clr* 
• ? WmTMAS* AOKlOULTlfltiL CO. 
ST. LOUIS MO. 
Daivy jtuppUtf. 
MOSELEY’S C ABINET CREAMERY, 
* 1 ,_-- 2_ ^ « lit ASM IIYA KKFKIOERATOR 
JUktcf ~~iT. IFW-jf’y COM BIX un. 
|| i/F»C* v ‘ ifl Sixes for one row to fifty, 
i I IJ For families, Inrite & small 
ga dairies, factories and for 
rwl 4 tem; for hotel.", restaur- 
ants. boarding schools and 
Sj jB! liV 4 Adapted for Summer nud 
'‘ q Winter ilulryltiK- Used 
m| ijj L. i either with or without 
' 4 %£i * sold Ktrletly nu Its merits 
3«r.i Warranted as represented. 
AGENTS WANTED For Circulars address 
.Moseley A Sloddurd Mfu, Co.» Poultney, Vt 
John S. Carter, 
Manufacturer uud Dealer In 
APPARATUS UNO SUPPLIES 
FOR 
CHEESE FACTORIES, CREAMERIES 
AMI DAIRIES. 
Manufacturing Outfits a Specialty. 
Send for Illustrated Circular of Improved Appnra 
tus for mulct tin CTIEK.SE and BUTTER. 
JOHN S. CARTER, Syracuse. X. Y. 
NOTES BY UNCLE MARK. 
Quite a long time has elapsod since the last 
regular discussion of the Horticultural Club, 
and ho Uncle Mark has come to the conclusion 
that perhaps the Cousins had better assemble 
once more and Lave another interesting talk. 
The farmers all. over the country have been 
uniting in little groups here and there during 
the past Winter in order to discuss matters 
connected with the farm, aud enlighten one 
another, and so before warm weather begins 
we hope that the Cousins will assemble together 
in goodly numbers, so that we can have a real 
beneficial, enthusiastic meeting. The subject 
which we have chosen for discussion is one 
which we hope the girls as well as the boys 
can participate in, so girls don’t lie bashful, 
but speak right up in “meetin” as though you 
had something to say. The subject we have 
chosen for discussion is; "What are the most 
interesting vegetables to grow in the garden, 
aud whyf' it is to be supposed that most of 
the Cousins have worked iu the garden, and 
have their preference for certain vegetables, 
so Uncle Mark would like to bear of their 
favorites. The Club will meet for discussion 
one month from date. 
REID’S 
m, CREAMEfiY 
MS M l K 1 > l.tltll) 
BUTTER 
——1 SIMPLEST AND BEST. 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS. 
Dear Uncle Mark:— If the rales of the 
Horticultural Club require two letters per 
year I fear I must, suffer expulsion, unless yon 
are disposed to forgive tardy members, as this 
is the first time I have written. 1 am 1*5 years 
old aud raised aud harvested 4<> acres of com 
this year without any help at all so you will 
see that. 1 did not have much time to write let¬ 
ters or make garden. However, I succeeded 
very well with my garden, considering the 
backwardness of the season and the amount of 
time I spent, on it. The season was so back¬ 
ward that tulips did not bloom until after 
May 20. I had 103 varieties of flowers that 
bloomed, besides 11 wliieh, on account of bad 
weather, did not amount to much. 1 did not 
plant the melon seeds you sent me because 1 
knew that they would not get ripe on account 
of the late season, but will plant them next, 
year and report success, I fear my letter is 
growing tedious so I will close for this time. 
Your nephew, Angus. 
Gray, Iowa. 
■» 11 J 
BUTTER WORKER 
*o»t Kffettlif »nd eontrolMit, .No 
Power Workers, butter Print- 
/rs, ShiiU'iUff Boies, etc. 
DOC POWERS. 
H’ritr for 1 lliit’rritsilOliol.ijut ,I 
A. H. REID, 
26 S. 16th Street, Phila. Pa. I 
A NEW PUMPKIN. 
Now that the plantiug season will soon be¬ 
gin, we think the Cousins would all do well by 
purchasing a little blank book, into which 
from day to day they might drop notes con¬ 
cerning the growth of the crops. It would lie 
well also to make note of the habits of the in¬ 
sects which infest, the same, with remedies 
given for destroying them. Much reports in 
the Youtlis 1 column at the end of the season 1 
am sure would be very interesting to both old 
and young. Who will act upon the suggestion? 
Dear Uncle Mark:— It is rather late to 
tell you how my garden turned out. From 1(5 
hills of Early Rose potatoes I dug a little over 
a half bushel, and from two White Elephant 
potatoes planted, I dug a peek. My radishes 
wore good. From the 12 hills of pop-corn 1 
planted 1 did not get over a quart of shelled 
corn; a poor crop but 1 mean to try again next 
year. I am going to school this Winter. I 
like to read the Rural very much, especially 
the letters from the Cousins. 
Your nephew, Rov A. Taylor. 
THE FERGUSON 
BUREAU CREAMERY 
Makes the Best Butter 
With Spring comes the flowers again. Boys 
and girls, now is the time to get a microscope 
and study botany! A knowledge of the plants 
growing near by, adds much to the interest of 
the place we are in. A good microscope can 
be bought for 75 cents, with the aid of wliieh, 
by means of a lxitany and a little study one 
It develops tli'- finest tlnvor and col' r, The Butter 
hna the heal grain, nntt Reaping quality . 
1 If makee (lie most Butter. Uhcs Uio least ice, and 
BAvestheinOftt Jutoor. . _ « .. , , . . 
lliuidrods havo die<sardo<t deep Betters and adopted 
th DON ; T a BUY ANY CANS, FANS OR CREAMER, 
or sond vourndlk to tho fnotory, until you1-nvo sent 
for nur ikrirr tllnstrutod oirculai-s and prion UFtn. 
THE KKKtirsON M’K’il. CO., lturlliiKtou, Vt. 
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