APRIL SI 
a 
247 
per day are sufficient, although cows would 
eat more if it was given them. Last year the 
total expense of cultivating the corn, cutting 
and putting into the silo—iu fact, all it cost to 
make ensilage—was fill cents per ton, which is 
much less than the cost of corn fodder which 
has to be shocked, hauled and cut, and with 
the latter four pounds more milk are required 
to make a pound of butter. This year en¬ 
silage feeding will commence about the same 
time, and continued until grass. All dairy¬ 
men know that a. change from dry feed to 
fresh grass is not beneficial to the animal, 
while from eusilage there is no visible change. 
Dairyiug is fast becoming one of our most 
prominent industries. Creameries are being 
established which adopt the cream-gathering 
system, and during the past year the invest¬ 
ment of capital iu this business has paid 
good profits, with a large field opeu for 
more factories. Farmers say they have 
received for cream sold from #25 to $80 per 
cow, besides raising a calf apiece and a pig. 
Tills amouut they expect to increase largely 
by breeding the best milking strains. The 
West Point Creamery is now milking of its 
stock over 200 cows — registered Jerseys, 
Guernseys and grades of both breeds. Near 
the Freemont butter and cheese factory Hol- 
steins are in the most favor. With our abund¬ 
ance of grass In Summer, the cheapness with 
which soiling oau lx* done and cheap grain for 
"Winter feed, them is a sure profit both to the 
farmer and the creumery. j. T. a. 
Omaha, Neb. 
Lime for Preserving Shingles. 
1 have a very cheap and simple way of pre¬ 
serving shingles. After a roof is laid, let the 
carpenter nail a common shingle lath on both 
sides of the peak—a nail every four feet is 
sufficient. Then fill the space to the peak with 
air-slaked lime. The rain will carry it over the 
roof and it will preserve the shingles. The space 
should be filled once each year. Proof : Let 
any person examine the roof of his house be¬ 
low the chimney, and note how much better 
it is preserved than ou any other part of 
the roof ; and he must he convinced that what 
little lime washes from the mortar of the 
chimney preserves the shingles, being spread 
over the roof as above. If my plau is adopted, 
the whole of the roof will receive the same 
benefit. C. S. Cooper. 
porno Unp. cut 
DUTCH MIGNCNNE AND BLENHEIM 
PIPPIN. 
T. H. HOSKINS, M.D. 
As there lias been some discussion in the 
Rural about these apples, in which 1 have 
participated, 1 think it desirable that the dis¬ 
puted points in connection therewith should be 
authoritatively determined. This has been 
done, at my request, by Mr. Downing, who, 
notwithstanding his disabled condition, is still 
as ready as ever to help lus disciples in pomol¬ 
ogy. Mr. D. says: “A. J. Downing, in the 
first edition (18451 of Fruits and Fruit-Trees of 
America, p. 107, gives the synonyms all cor¬ 
rect for Dutch Mignonne, but the description 
is for Blenheim Pippin.” (This settles the 
fact that our Vermont “Dutch Mignonne” is 
Blenheim Pippin as it corresponds with that 
description.! Mr. Downing goes on to say that 
the description of the Blenheim Pippin iu the 
same edition (p. 81) is nearly correct, except 
that “very sweet” should be “sprightly sub¬ 
acid.” “In the first revised edition, 1857, p. 
187, Dutch Miguomic” (this is from Mr. D.) 
‘‘has the synonyms and (list paragraph cor¬ 
rect for Dutch Mignonne, but the description 
is for Blenheim Pippin. Iu the same edition, 
p. 208, Blenheim Pippin bus a very short de¬ 
scription, most of it correct; the words ‘very 
sweet’ being wrong as above noted, and what 
follows is not accurate. In the second revised 
edition, 18(50, p. 161, the Dutch Mignonne and 
its synonyms are correct, and the description 
very good, lmt not perfect—should be, flesh 
not very tender, sprightly (not ‘slightly’) sub¬ 
acid. The last paragraph is for Blenheim 
Pippin, but the flesh is whit# and not 'yellow 
ish.’ Blenheim Pippin, p. 100, second revised 
edition (18(50), aud Blooming Orange, same 
page, am identical, and are the true Blenheim 
Pippin. In the first appendix (1872, p. 8) there 
is a corrected description of Blenheim Pippin, 
but it is not complete. It should have been 
stated that Blenheim Pippin and Blooming 
Orange (both on page 100, 2d rev. ed.) are the 
same apple, viz., Blenheim Pippin.” 
It will be seen, by this statement of Mr. 
Downing, that though there were three sepa¬ 
rate descriptions of Blenheim Pippin in the 
second revised edition of the Fruits anil Fruit 
Trees of America (one under the proper head, 
one under Blooming Orange, and one under 
Dutch Mignonne), yet they wore all more or 
less erroneous ov defective, aud that the only 
exact description is in the first appendix, p. 3, 
under “Blenheim Pippin." Mr. Downing says 
above that this description lacks in not stating 
that Blooming Orange is a synonym for Blen¬ 
heim Pippin, but, at least in my copy (which 
may have been printed after the correction 
liad been made on the press), that fact is 
stated, though no reference is specifically made 
to the page of the second revised edition where 
the Blooming Orange is described. Those read¬ 
ers who have the various editions of the work 
would do well to cut out and preserve the 
above statement by Mr. Downing. 
APPLES FOR LONG ISLAND, N. Y. 
We planted an orchard of 400 trees from 35 
to 40 years ago, and as we had a passion 
for trying new varieties with a hope of finding 
some better than any we bad. there are about 
140 sorts now, nearly all of which have borne 
fruit. Thinking it may interest some fruit 
grower, especially on Long Island, we will 
give the names of those most profitable and 
good for us, and also of a few well-known 
kinds valuable iu some places but not here, aud 
with regard to these our experience corres¬ 
ponds with that of other growers of fruit iu 
our section of Long Island. 
A list that succeeds for Summer will em¬ 
brace Harvest;, Early Bough, Red Astrakhan 
—not always first-rate—aud Golden Sweeting, 
Primate, Autumn, Duchess of Oldenburg, 
Gravenstcin, Porter and Summer Fearmain. 
For late Autumn: Fall Pippin—not always 
reliable—Falla water. Twenty Ounce, Fameuse 
aud Maiden’s Blush, Genesee Chief aud St. 
Lawrence. For Winter: Baldwin, Hubbards- 
ton Nonesuch—the best of all—Newtown Pip¬ 
pin in heavy soil; Ben Davis, for market; 
Peck’s Pleasant, R. 1. Greening. Roxbury Rus¬ 
set, Long Island Russet—called English Rus¬ 
set in some places—Streaked Pippin, Titus 
Pippin—both originated in this vicinity—Tal. 
man’s Sweet for early Winter, and Moore’s 
Sweeting—the best late-keeping sweet apple 
we know. The Esopus Spitzeuberg, Golden 
Russet, Jonathan, Northern Spy and Ribston 
Pippin are of little value here. Cooper’s Market 
we have not seen on L. 1., aud King of Tomp¬ 
kins County is not productive and falls from 
the tree too soon for a Winter fruit. Mother 
we have not seen here, aud JefTeris is not as 
valuable as the kinds named for Autumn apples. 
Golden Russet is too small, aud although 
Grimes is a good bearer, we have many better 
kinds for this place. There are many kinds 
that are popular iu New England, Western 
New York or the river counties, ou the rocky 
soil or limestone aud clay lands, that are only 
medium or worthless with us. It is well known 
that apples frequently succeed only iu limited 
areas of country; hence the necessity of < hoos- 
iug only those well known aud approved at or 
near home. If all had made a proper selection 
millions would have been saved to the country. 
Queens Co., N. Y. Isaac Hicks & Sons. 
ABOUT SEED CORN. 
Although the past Autumn was free from 
severe cold until unusually late, most of the 
larger varieties of dent corn were late in ripen¬ 
ing, and it is quite probable that a considera¬ 
ble amount of the seed selected from these, and 
not placed out of the reach of frost, will be 
found to have its vitality much impaired. It 
would be well for all having seed the sound¬ 
ness of which they are not entirely sure of, to 
begin an examination iu time to avoid disap¬ 
pointment and loss. 
Corn that lias been frozen while much moist¬ 
ure was still retained in the cob, may be de¬ 
tected by soaking a few kernels in warm water 
for 24 hours, then by placing the thumb nail 
against the point at the base Of the kernel ou 
the side opposite the germ, a slight pressure 
will force the entire chit from its positiou, 
giving it the appeurunee of having Iweu eaten 
by a mouse, fit the sound kernel the germ, 
together with the integuments immediately 
surrounding it, adhere to the other port of the 
seed. Au experienced eye can readily distin¬ 
guish a frozen kernel from a sound one sim¬ 
ply by cutting through the chit. In one case 
the texture has a dull and spongy appearance, 
while in the other it looks bright and oily. 
The safest test to ascertain whether seed 1ms 
lost its vitality from any cause, is to shell a 
tew kernels from a number of the poorest- 
looking cal's, put them in a suitable vessel 
with some moist soil, and place them iu a w in¬ 
dow near the stove; four or live days will tell 
the story. Seed that is purchased already' 
shelled and among which are to be found any 
considerable number of kernels with the liilum 
it small black scar at the base—exposed, may 
as well l<e rejected w itliout testing, for if it 
should germinate under favorable circum¬ 
stances, a cold storm following on close to 
planting would cause it to rot in the ground. 
The best of seed, shelled, should bo rejected 
after it becomes t wo years old. Good seed iu 
the ear will retain its vitality many years. 
Last, Bpring 1 planted au oar that was seven 
veurs old; every kernel germinated. It was, 
however, three days longer in coming up than 
new seed planted alongside of it. 
Lycoming Co., Pa. Daniel Steck. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
rnD CAIC Jersey Queen, £1 1 U 0 ; 1 , 000 ; Mau- 
illn OMLC. Chester, 75c. UK); $i> 1,000; Finches, 
1.000; Prlmo, 7So. 101, toy freight or express, 
JAMES LIPPINCOTT .1 it.. Mount Holly. N. J. 
QEED POPATOEB—Beauty of Hebron, 
k-J White Elephant. Mammoth Pearl, Clark's No. 1, 
belle, Queen or the Valley, Prideof America,Magnum 
Bohum, each per bbl. of 8 bushels; White Star. 85 
per bbl.; Brownell's Best, Early Telephone, Early 
Electric, Early Sunrise, each $1 per peck. All first- 
class and true to name. 
J. TALOOTT & SON, Rome, N. Y. 
NEW POTATOES 
Wall’s Orange, per 
. lb.,75c by mall. Pi ekfa.00 
I Rush. fill 'X' Bbl f 15.00. 
Ill’lli'. E, Jt, of Hebron, 
aud H7( ib El> t‘ho n t each 
bush, fit .SO. Bbl.Jl. For 
Early Gem, Boston Market, Rural Blush, 
Hall's Early Prachhlotr. Rochester Favorite, 
kick’s Prize, Early Sunrise, and 20 other valua¬ 
ble new varieties, see my Catalogue, Free to all. 
Isaac F. Tllllnghusl, La Plume, Pa. 
HARDY AND PRODUCT¬ 
IVE. The best late Peach. 
A stock ol trees for sale. 
HE RY LUTTS, Youngstown, N. Y. 
Imperial Tree Bean. 
Best and most productive In cultivation. Circulars 
Free. E. Y. TEAS, Dunrelth, Henry County, Ind. 
j EED POTATOES, new sorts; Northern WIs. grown; 
lo low prices. Write D. GREENWAY, Dartford.Wls 
SEEDS 
OF THE FINEST QUALITY 
FOR FARMand GARDEN. 
SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. 
A. D. COWAN & CO. 
GROWERS & IMPORTERS 
114 CHAMBERS ST. NEWY0RK 
Kissena Nurseries, 
Trees and Plants. 
Parsons & Sons Co., 
LIMITED. 
Flushing, N. Y. 
CHOICE 
CALIFORNIA 
Seed* 
CATALOGUE MAILED FREE. 
Vegetable, Flower, 
Tree, 
ALFALFA 
AND 
Farm Seeds. 
TIIOS. A. COX A CO., 
Seed Farmers A Merchants 
Warehouse, 1051 Sail some St., 5»au Francisco, 
California. 
“ Too much cannot be said in favor 
of KEMP'S MANURE SPREADER as a 
farm implement. It not only exceeds any of 
them for labor-saving, but the QUALITY OF 
WORK ALONE over hand work, will in a 
short time repay the farmer the price of it. 
Last season I used it to spread 125 loads of 
manure and am fully satisfied that my crops 
were increased 25 per cent, the even distribu¬ 
tion and fine pulverization gi ving the crops 
an early start and uniform growth." (E. C. 
Bryant.) See page 251. 
SPECIAL PRICES 
for large quantities. Fine 
stock of Garden Peas, 
own growth; Improved 
Yellow Danver Onios Seed. Descriptive Catalogue 
of other Seeds, Plants, Vines, etc., mailed free. Ad¬ 
dress JOHN H. MYERS, Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 
SMALL FRUIT PLANTS. 
Strawberries, Raspberries, Blackberries, Grapes. 
&e. Good plants at reasonable prices. Send for full 
descriptive price list to 
COE & CONVERSE. 
Fort Atkinson, WIs. 
ROCHESTER 
A NEW TOMATO. 
The U OC1I ESTER Is the product of a cross be¬ 
tween the Acme and Lester’s Perfected, and is own 
sister to the Mayflower. As lurge as the Garfield, but 
as smooth as the Acme. It Is undoubtedly the lar¬ 
gest .month Tomato. Firm, dark skin; bears 
transportation weU; absolutely no core; ripens 
close to the stem: did not decay last season on heavy 
or light soil; delicious flavor. For sale by the 
packet only. ‘25 of-,.; five packets, 81.00. 
HIRAM SIBLEY dc CO., Seedsmen, 
Rochester, N. A. Chicago, III. 
THE RURAL 
Premium Gorxi. 
Thoroughbred Flint, 
and Rural Dent. 
Price of each, 25 cents per packet: 60 cents 
per pint; 81.00 per quart, bv mail, post-paid. 
B. K. BL TSS & SONS. 34 Barclay St.. N. Y. 
SUGAR CANE SEED. 
Early Amber. Early Orange, Texas Orange, Hon¬ 
duras, Liberian, and Stewart's Hybrid Cane Seed-, 
raised separate and kept sound and pure, for sale in 
large or small quantities, at reasonable rates, by 
Messrs. Schwarz x Gillespie, of the Oak Hill Refining 
Co. Prices on application. Address 
SCHWARZ X GILLESPIE. 
Lock Box 631. Edwardsvllle. Ill. 
SEEDS! 
CARDEN, ^^bes^ovalitSs( 
FIELD & f LOWEST PRICES. 
— I IA/ — q I Illustrated A Descriptive Cat*, 
r LU W C. rC ■ | logoe mailed on application. 
J. M. MXUUOUGH'S SONS, 
IbUhiisimd 1838) 136 Walnut St., Cincinnati, Q. 
m* IF YOU LOVE 
R \KK FLOW EKt*. send ] Ov. tor packet f Hibis¬ 
cus < 'occi neus seed, our specialty for U83. < me of the 
choicest new pianlsgrow u. Blooms first summer from 
seed. 12 packets seed $1. V ants SI each. PINGREK A 
KINGSLEY, Seed slum, Box 443, New Haven, Conn. 
SIXTEEN SPLENDID 
Geraniums 
EITHER SINGLE OR DOUBLE, tor only $1.26. 
Ur 8 Single and 8 Double Sorts, or t Siu^lc, 6 Double aiu) 
4 Scented, or to Ever Blooming Roses, or 4 Geraniums, 
4 Roses, 4 Fuchsias and 4 Hibiscus. All are strong flower¬ 
ing plants, labeled, sent safely by mail postpaid. lUua- 
t rated QfiUdofnfi of Plant* mid Seed* free1 
INNISF ALLEN GREENHOUSES. Springfield, O. 
S EED n 
r OT ATOES. 
The following list embraces the leading new and standard varieties of Potatoes we have grown this season. 
Having the Potatoes now in store in our frost-proof, airy Potato Houses, we shall sell at the prices given in this list 
until our stock is exhausted, regardless of advances or higher prices charged for the same varieties by other dealers. 
Tkums : Cash with OKDKR. Please give explicit shipping directions. Freight or express charges are to be paid iu 
all cases by the purchaser. Illustrated descriptive price list ot Potatoes sent on application. 
Per lb. (Delivered on board cars.) 
Postpaid. 
Per pk. 
Per bu. 
Per bbl. 
Early Gem. 
... 80.75 
St'.,50 
§8.00 
<115.00 
Boston .Market. 
.. 75 
1,50 
5.00 
10,00 
il'.ioago Market < see cut) So 
75 
2.50 
5.00 
Rochester Favorite . 
. ?r» 
2.50 
S.00 
15.00 
Vick's Prize. 
. 50 
75 
2.50 
5.00 
\\ li Be Elephant.. 
50 
75 
2.50 
5.1X1 
\\ llile Still. 
. 50 
75 
2.50 
5.1X1 
Belle . 
. SO 
75 
2.50 
5.00 
BeiOltV of Hebron,. 
..... 50 
75 
2.25 
4.50 
Mammoth IVarl. 
. 50 
75 
2.25 
4.50 
St. Patrick. 
. 50 
75 
2.25 
4.50 
\\ bite Bose. 
. 50 
75 
2.00 
4.00 
Early Ohio . 
. 50 
75 
2.25 
4.50 
F.arlv Vermont. 
. 50 
75 
2.00 
4.00 
F.iirlv Snow date,. 
..... 50 
75 
2.00 
4.00 
Magnum ltonum. 
. 50 
75 
2.IK) 
4.00 
Earlv Rose. 
. 50 
75 
2.00 
4.00 
Pride of America... 
. 50 
75 
2.00 
4.00 
Burbank's Seedling. 
. 50 
75 
2.00 
4.IX) 
IHmmore . 
. 50 
75 
2.00 
4. IX) 
Improved Peachhlow... 50 
75 
2.25 
4.50 
JAMES VICK, 
ROCHESTER, X. Y. 
ANDRETH 
PEDIGREE 
SEEDS! 
THE U. S. MAIL BRINGS US TO YOUR DOOR! 
The most extensive Seed Growers in America. Founded 1784. Drop ns a Postal Card 
for our PIUCKO CATALOGUE. Address simply LAND K FT H, PHILADELPHIA. 
