M>R1L 23 
263 
to cut than at present. Comparatively small 
tracts are being planted. There are ten or 
fifteen thousand acres of Eucalyptus in thriv¬ 
ing condition in various parts of the State. 
Catalpa, "Walnut, Locust, Maple and a few 
other forest trees have been planted to some 
extent. There is not likely to be any extensive 
forestry work either by the State or by individ¬ 
uals, but the tendency to plant a few acres in 
timber trees on each valley farm is certainly 
increasing. This is the most hopeful feature in 
the ease. Nevertheless, the situation will war¬ 
rant the utmost care to preserve the present tim¬ 
ber of the southern portion of State, so far as 
possible, intact. Charles Howard Shinn. 
eljc Qyioxmxi. 
BEE-KEEPING FOR FARMERS. 
Upon looking over one of our bee publica¬ 
tions not long ago, t noted these words: “There 
are very few farmers who do not keep hogs, 
sheep, cattle, horses and poultry. All these 
seem necessary to use up the products of the 
arm and to make the occupation safe and 
certain. The addition of the apiary is just as 
important as the keeping of any of the varie¬ 
ties of stock mentioned, and the farm is hardly 
complete without it.” If the above is the 
truth—and I believe it is—the question arises 
why is it that not one farmer in 50 keeps even 
one colony of bet's to secure the honey allowed 
to go to waste from not having the bees to 
gather it. Is it not just as bail to let this 
honey secreted by the abundant flora of the 
farm, go to waste, as it would bt> to allow u 
field of pasture to thus waste for want of stock 
to consume itf I believe it so to be, yet how 
eagerly wo see the farmer gathering every 
ear of grain, securing stock enough to cou- 
sume the grass from his pasture, aud husband¬ 
ing all the products accruing from the farm, 
except the honey which is allowed to go to 
waste as far as he is concerned. Each farmer 
might keep bees enough at least to supply his 
own table with this luscious svveet, but there 
are very few who do it . The reason of all this 
neglect in my opinion, is that farmers as a 
class are not willing to bestow upon the bees 
the time they require; hence a failure is almost 
certain. These failures being known in the 
neighborhood, others are deterred from mak¬ 
ing a trial. 
How patiently wo see the average farmer 
care for his stock, feeding his cows three times 
a day for seven mouths out of the year, and 
milking t he same twice a day for nearly ton 
months, getting little more for his butter and 
milk than he could have got for the produce the 
cow consumed If it had been disposed of in the 
shape of hay and grain sold or pasture rented. 
But let this same person buy a swarm of bees 
which is capable of giving ns good as, if not 
greater returns than a cow, if given the same 
care and attention, and ten chances to one he 
will put it in some out-of-t lie-way place, not 
go near it once a month, let it go into win¬ 
ter-quarters with little or no prospect of its 
surviving, and then declare bee-keeping does 
not pay. Others who have a little more 
thought regarding them will partially attend 
to their wants t ill the hurry of harvest comes 
on, aud then, just when the bees need the most 
care, neglect them entirely, allowing swarms 
to go to the woods and the bees to lie idle for 
want of surplus receptacles in which to store 
the honey which is being secreted plentifully 
at the time. But no matter how much the 
hurry or how great the pressure of business, 
the hogs are fed, and the cows ure milked, 
while the poor bees are left to care for them¬ 
selves. 1 wish we might see a uew era dawn¬ 
ing among our farmers regarding this branch 
of rural "industry, seeing it placed where it 
should be upon an equal footing with any 
other branch of farming. To show the possi¬ 
bilities of bee-keeping whore as thoroughly 
conducted as most farmers conduct the raising 
of grain, stock, ete., 1 will mention the case 
of Mrs. S. J. Axtell, Roseville, Ill., who 
secured 89,000 pounds of honey the past season 
from 170 colonies of bees, which netted her 
upwards of $<!>,OQO; t hat being an average of 
nearly $:J0 per colony. Where is the diary of 
170 cows that will give that amount of clear 
profit. Then, dear render, if you have any de 
sire toward bee-keeping, resolve that you will 
give each colony as much care during the 
season as you do each of your cows, and see 
if my words do not prove true, that bee-keep- 
iug is one of the most profitable and fascinating 
of all the different branches of farming. 
Borodino, N, Y. G. M. Doolittle. 
BEE-HIVES. 
Those who have been the most interested in 
the keepiug of bees have for years been try¬ 
ing to iuvent a hive that would bo equally 
well adapted to the cold of our Winters and to 
•the heatot midsummers. 1 saw iu the Rural 
a short time ago mi article upon the subject of 
bee-liives, which was illustrated, but the writer 
did not touch upou the question of a Summer 
aud Winter home for the bees. Many a Win¬ 
ter hive has been invented, but, as a general 
thing, apiarians have given no thought to the 
comfort of the bees in the long, hot Summer 
days, except by boring a few holes iu the hive 
for ventilation. 
I have always thought that the hot rays of the 
sun in June, July and August were uuhealth- 
ful for the bees in the hive, the heat blistering 
clear through the wood and making the inner 
part of the hive so hot that the industrious 
little fellows cannot work with any degree of 
comfort. Then, in addition to the sun’s heat, 
there is the animal heat of the bees! What a 
hot place must the interior of the hive be for 
so much industry! 
Now 1 am opposed to placing the hives in 
the shade. The bees need the sunshine upon 
the outside, but not upon the inside of the hive. 
They arc early risers. They are up, dressed, 
have breakfast aud are at work early w hen 
the morning sun glistens upon the dew drops 
in front of their mansion. Iu the State of New 
York the bee has no time to wait for the sun 
to warm the damp air beneath the thick 
branches of some moist, moss-covered apple 
tree. Therefore I put my bees in what I choose 
to call my summer-and-winter hive, then set 
them out in God’s sunshiue to enjoy themselves 
as they work. 
I make my liive with an inner and an outer 
wall. These walls are one inch apart. Before 
I put the top on L take paper—old newspaper, 
in fact any kind of paper—and stuff the space 
between those walls full, pounding it down as 
hard as I can without bulging the boards that 
form the inner aud outer w alls. I have two 
half-inch top ventilators, and in the Summer 
1 give a good ventilation from the bottom. 
That is all the secret there is to my summer-and- 
winter bee-hive. It can Ik 1 made in any shape 
and after any pattern. You can have auy style 
of frame, or it cau lie made without frame. 
Now, reader you ask why use paper,' Is not 
sawdust or straw just as good i I use paper be¬ 
cause it is a non-conductor of heat. It is oue 
of the best non-conductors of heat known. 
Now it stands to reasou, that if paper will 
keep the heat of the sun out of the hive iu the 
Summer time, it will keep the heat of the bees 
in the hive in Winter. And that is just what 
the bee-meu have been loookiug for for years. 
Try it, brother bee-men, and I believe that you 
will be well satisfied with the experiment. 
Clark D. Knapp. 
farm (Topics. 
DEVELOPMENT ON THE FARM. 
I regret that friend Ritter does not discuss 
the question at issue m my article, which is, 
“ How can we improve the condition of agri¬ 
culturists and their fniuilies?” Were I to ask 
Mi-. Ritter whether this class has arrived so 
near perfection in methods as not to be 
capable of farther advancement. I am sure he 
would answer “No!” Certainly no class has 
yet reached perfection. The stumbling-block 
of farmers is excessive physical labor, at the 
expense of social aud intellectual development. 
The farm is the place above all others on 
which to bring up children, for the habits of 
-industry and frugality, the hardships endured, 
make them sturdy enough to tight Life’s bat¬ 
tles. But take two brothers brought up on 
the farm until 18 years of age; place one in 
a lawyer’s office in the city for 15 years, and 
the other at farming as ordinarily pursued, 
and though each had the same capacity at the 
age of 18, and each a taste for the pur¬ 
suit he adopts, at the end of 15 years the 
brother in the lawyer’s office will have devel¬ 
oped more fully than the oue on the farm. 
But this need not necessarily be the result. 
By different methods than those commonly 
pursued the boy on the farm may continue to 
develop inw> an ideal manhood. I am a far¬ 
mer. 1 earn my bread by tilling the products 
of the earth; but I am not satisfied to simply 
live and lay by something year by year. If 1 
find myself engaged iu a pursuit that does not 
develop my best faculties 1 will drop ii at auy 
cost, except actual starvation. But 1 am con¬ 
tent to follow my present course ; there is 
opportunity for development on the farm and 
for the highest enjoyment, if we can learn it. 
Make it a mote intellectual pursuit by giving 
it mostudy, more thought, more activity. 
Rely less on the day’s work done with the 
hands, and more upon the work that is done 
with the head. Travel more aud learn the 
drift of the times. No man can act under- 
standingly in this rapidly-shifting age with¬ 
out the benefits of travel. No class on earth 
stay at home so much as ruraliste. It is a 
great loss to them in every respect. There is 
no class who associate together so little as 
farmers, while other industries thrive through 
the help of organization. There is much that 
we eau do to improve our condition as far¬ 
mers, and l t rust we shall hear some helpful 
suggestions from Mr. Ritter. C, A. Green 
“The Kemp MANURE SPREADER contin¬ 
ues to give entire satisfaction and we consider 
l A 9 GOOD AN INVESTMENT IN THE 
WAY OF FARMING IMPLEMENTS as I 
ever made, not excepting the Mower and Reap¬ 
er.^ (D. W. Brown.) See page 267. 
THE NEW PATENT 
DUST-PROOF 
Stem Winding Open Face Case, 
MANUFACTURED BY THE 
American Watch Co., 
WALTHAM, MASS. 
This case is formed in oue solid piece with¬ 
out joint or seam, opening in front only, thus 
avoiding the usual Cap, and seeuriug greater 
streugth aud durability. 
These Watches are al 1 open face. The bezel, 
into which au extra strong crystal is fitted 
with an especially prepared water-proof ce¬ 
ment, is attached to the case by screwing it 
thereon, and thus forms au air-tight junction 
with the body of the case, which is proof 
against dust and moisture. 
To railroad men, travelers, miners, lumber¬ 
men and others who are almost constantly ex¬ 
posed aud who have to make frequent reference 
to the watch, these qualities are of the utmost 
importance. 
Tlie following letters tell their own 
story: 
“ Valdosta, Ga., July 20, 1S82. 
“ I sold one of your Patent Dust-Proof Cases 
about ten montlisago, and the other day it came 
back to me with the request to make it wind 
easier. Ou examination I found that the stem 
was rttsly, and I inquired into the cause of it. 
The gentleman stated to me that he was start- 
iug some saw-logs that had lodged in the bend 
of the river, when his chain caught in a bush 
aud threw his watch into about twelve l’eet of 
water, and he was about two hours finding it. 
When he got it out it was running aud he 
thought all right. Iu about three months he 
found that the stem was hard to turn aud sent 
it to me. 
“ I can say that the watch is all that the 
company claims for it, and recommend it to all 
railroad and mill men. B. W. Bently.” 
A Beautiful Lawn 
Can be obtained by Sowing 
HENDERSON’S 
CENTRALPARK 
LAWN CRASS SEED. 
A niixtare composed of selected grasses identical 
with those used in forming the lawns of New 
York’s famous park. OTle quart of this seed will 
sow an area of 20x15ft., equaling 300 sq. ft., or 
for an acre 1 bushels are required. Instructions 
for sowing and after treatment sent gratis with all 
orders. IT ice, 25et*. perql. (if by mail, add 10 
ct.s. per I|[ for postage 1 If by freight orexpress, 
$1.30 per peck, $5.00 per bushel.' Catalogue of 
“Everything for the Carden” 
mailed free on application. 
PETER HENDERSON & CO., 
35 & 37 Cortlandt St., New York. 
SMALL FRUIT PLANTS. 
Strawberries. Raspberries, Blackberries, Grapes, 
&e. Good plants at reasonable prices. Send for full 
descriptive price list, to COE & CONVERSE, 
Fort Atkinson, wis. 
SUGAR CftNE SEED. 
Early Amber, Early Orange, Texas Orange, Hon 
dura*. Liberian, ami Stewart’s Hybrid Cane Seeds, 
raised separate and kept sound and pure, for sale In 
large or small quantities, at reasonable rates, by 
Messrs. Schwarz x Gillespie, of the Oak Hill Refining 
Co. Brices ou application. Address 
SCHWARZ & GILLESPIE, 
Lock Box B9I. Edwardsville. Ill. 
GARDEN, 
FIELD & 
n nuirB 
f 
BEST QUALITIES. 
LOWEST PRICES. 
Illustrated « Deecriptlva Catw> 
J. M. M'CULLOUGH’S SONS, 
giUbiuw lass] 136 Walnut St., Cincinnati^ 
m* IF YOU LOVE 
RARE FLOW ERS. send I Oe- Tor packet of Hibis¬ 
cus t 'ocoineus s* • I. our specialty for 1-^3. one of the 
choice.: new pants grown. Blooms first summer from 
seed. 13 packets seed $1. P:ants$l each. P1XGREB k 
KINGSLEY, Seedsmen, Box 03, New Haven, Conn. 
Slip CORN 
SIBLEY’S PRIDE 1% NORTH 
Ninety-day y*!kyw-d«m t the oaribvt Deal Com 
grown, .tirowcl Origin.tied in Northern lowa 
Bipenbd nerfeetly in the worst Corn season in 
25 years, in Northern low*, Net irneWa, Illinois. New 
York, Connecticut, Vermont,etc.; in some sections 
where Dent Com before has been u total failure. 
G000 SEED CORN IS SCARCE: SECURETHE BEST 
Our Oral 11 and Farm ■ dfauvul contains histo¬ 
ries and directions Ur culture of Corn. Wheat, Bar¬ 
ley, Rye. Oats, Potatoes, Grasses.. Roots, and all 
Farm Orel's, with descriptions of all new and 
standard varieties. Only 10 cento. 
SibUv’i Farrr.tr?' Mir,amir, with valuable essays 
on special crops, 10 cents. 
Ann nut CrfJaJoyu? amt Pr ire Lie. nf Flower. Vege¬ 
table, Field and Tree Seeds and Plants, FREE. 
HIRAM SIBLEY & CO. Seedsmen, 
Rochester, X. Y. and Chicago, 111. 
“ Clinton, Iowa, April 29, 1SS1. 
“ I wish you would send me a spring for the 
Win. Ellery Watch * * * By the way this 
Ellery is a watch I sold in your Screw Bezel 
Case to a farmer last Fall. The first of Janu¬ 
ary he lost the watch in the woods, and found 
it this week in about oue foot of water. It had 
lain three mouths and over in-snow aud water, 
with but alight injury to the watch—only a 
hair-spring. C. S. Raymond.” 
The above were very severe tests, aud dem¬ 
onstrate beyond a doubt that for any reasona¬ 
ble length of time during which a watch might 
be under water it would receive no injury 
whatever. 
We make these eases inhoth gold and silver, 
nml au a Perfectly Dust-Proof Stem Winding 
Watch Case, Challenge the World to Produce 
its Equal. 
FOR SALE BY ALL FIRST-GLASS JEWELERS. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
FOR SALE, JtrseyQueen * 
Chester. T5c. 
$1 100: £■> 1.000; .Man- 
100; $6 1,000; Finches, 
$3 1,000; Prttno, 73c. 100, by freight or express. 
JAMES LIPPINCOTT JR.. Mount Holly. N. J. 
CEED P> 1P A TOES— Beauty of Hebron, 
LC White Elephant. Mammoth Pearl, Clark's No. 1, 
Belle, Queen of the Valley, Pride of America. Magnum 
Bnnuni, each $t per bid. of 8 bushels: White Star. $5 
per bbl.; Brownell's Bos*. Early Telephone, Early 
Elec trie. Early Sunrise, each $1 per peek. All first- 
cluss and true to mum*. 
J. TALCOTT * SON, Rome, N. Y. 
SEED POTATOES. 
Choice Mammoth Pearls, delivered on cars at 31 
per bushel, barrels at 30 cents. 
J. W. HAYES, Williamsport, Pa. 
MALLFRUITS 
CARNATIONS 
ROSES and PANSIES 
My One Dollar Collection!*, 
‘ safe arrival by mail guaran¬ 
teed. are the CHOICEST 
in cultivation. Carna¬ 
tions. Geraniums. Pansies, 
Hardy Roses, Chrysautbe- 
tutunsand Grape \ inesare 
especially good. A cata¬ 
logue with _A>lt intfnuSionr) 
for culture of SMALL 
FRUITS and FLOWER 
fe/ PLANTS free on app&cation. 
X S. WALES |#KS: 
THE 
DINGEE & CONARD CO’S 
BEAUTIFUL EVEK-BLOOYUNG 
The only establishment 
BUSINESS of R< 
for ROSES alone, strong rot rianta euuaoce tor 
iniinedlateotooin dfljiverv-d safety, postpaid, to ait >; post- 
office. 5 splendid varieties, your choleo, all labeled, 
for SI : 1 2 for $2: I9fr$3; 26for$4: 35*.rrS5: 
75 tor $10; lOOfo-r $13: WoCIVE a Handsome 
Present of choice and valuable ROSES free 
with every order. Our NEWCUIDE, « rem.i Vr« 
Tfnl, ls.f an fAtf A’ ^.tl efnjar dv ilhLalmfni — frt< *o nil, 
THE DINCEE A CONARD CO. 
Rase Growers, West Grove, Chester Co,, Pa, 
SMALL FRUIT PLANTS, SraX 
leading varieties, both new and old, at reasonable 
rates. New Illustrated Catalogue free. Address 
IRVING ALLEN, Springfield, Mass. 
500,000 Manchester 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS, 
By the Originator at Reduced Prices for Spring 
of tss:t. Buy at the FOUNTAIN heap and get the ft re. 
Averages twice as large ns the W11 sou aud yields fully 
double the number ol qvAitrs per acre: is an excel¬ 
lent shipper, very attractive In.appearance,of ex- 
cki.eun r flavor, and retains its color atid flavor to a 
remarkable degree after being picked. Circulars 
free at au early date. J. BATTfc'Y. 
Manchester, N. J. 
HARDY AND PRODUCT¬ 
IVE. The best late Peueh. 
A stock, of trees for sale. 
HENRY LOTTS, Youngstown, N. Y. 
SALWAY PEACH. 
25,000 
CUTHBERT RASPBERRY PLANTS 
for sale by 
WALTER F. TABER. 
Po’keepsie. N. Y. 
Imperial Tree Bean. 
Best and most productive In cultivation. Circulars 
Free. E, Y.TKAS, Duimilth, Henry County, 1ml. 
S EEL* POTATOES,new sorts: Northern WIs. grown 
low prices. Write D. GREKNWAY, Durtford.Wis' 
CHOICE SEED POTATOES. 
Mammoth Pearl, Magnum Bonum, Jordon's Prolific. 
Jordon s Russctt, Early Watson's Seedling' l pound 
each of all the above nve varieties by express for 50 
cents; me peek. 50cents, or one peck each of all the 
above $l..Vl. Vddress DELOS STAPLES, West So how 
Ionia Co., Midi. 
