JULY M 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
£« tl)e 0 011113. 
THE NILE. 
N studying the geography of 
Africa, prominent among the 
many things of historic note, 
is the great river Nile, formed 
by the confluence of the Blue 
and White Nile a l Rhastoun in 
Southern Nubia, though the 
real source has been traced 
much farther south to Lakes 
Victoria Nyanza and Albert Nyanza. The 
origin course of the Nile being unknown 
to the ancients caused them to regard it with 
great veneration, and its periodic overflow 
was wrapped in mystery. The Egyptians 
worshipped this river and called it “Jupiter 
Nilus.” It is said Egypt owes its very exist¬ 
ence to the Nile the annual overflow of which 
causes it to be one of the most fertile countries 
in the world. Egypt is called “Granary of 
the East.” 
You remember the Bible account of Joseph 
being sold by his brethren, when but a boy of 
17, to some lslimaelites going down into Egypt, 
where he Avas again sold to Potiphar one of 
Pharoah’s officers Here, because of his good¬ 
ness and trust in God, he became a great man 
in Egypt and was the means of saving his 
father’s household from starvation. The Bible 
tells us, the famine was over all the face of 
the earth; but God had warned Joseph of the 
approaching famine, and he had wisely pro¬ 
vided for it by laying up food during the 
seven plentiful years. 
The rise of the Nile begins the latter part 
of J uue. at Avhieh time its waters become red 
and turbid. Near the middle of July they 
burst over the banks making the country look 
like a great inland sea.. The latter part of 
September, the waters begin to subside, and 
by the last of November, the banks again hold 
the Nile in its proper course. The soil depos¬ 
ited by this overflow is very rich, and only 
needs that seed be cast on the subsiding water 
to produce a bountiful harvest. Along the 
banks of this renowned river, are to be found 
the remains of ruined cities, temples, and the 
great pyramids, proving truly that Egypt 
was and is, “a A-ast museum of monumental 
antiquities.” 
In its course through Egypt the Nile forms 
seven cataracts or rapids, by flowing over 
shelves of granite crossing its bed. Above 
the first cataract is Philae, the island upon 
which the Egyptian god “Usiris” is buried. 
About 10U miles down the liver from this 
island are the ruins of the once magnificent 
city of Thebes, which is now' said to be “a 
nest of Ara b hovels, amid crumbling columns 
and drifting sands.” Only two out of the 
seven mouths of the Nile are now navigable; 
the Rosetta and Damielta. 
Thus, while the ceaseless cycles of time 
sweep on and generations pass away, this 
mighty river still flows on to the great sea, 
fulfilling its purpose of good to man, though 
the grandeur and beauty of former surround¬ 
ings have fallen into rain and decay. 
Kate M. Frayne. 
NOTES BY UNCLE MARK. 
Are there not some Cousins in the Club 
Avho are acquainted with bees and their habits, 
that would like to tell the Cousins something 
abuut them' But very little has ever been 
written by the members of the Club upon 
these very interesting little insects, so if some 
of the young people will only Avrite us what 
they know about bees, we feel sure it will in¬ 
terest all. 
Now is the time, during vacation, for you 
to write Uncle Mark that promised letter. 
THE DISCUSSION. 
Now that the schools are closed and the 
young people have a little more time id spare, 
1 have come to the conclusion that perhaps it 
is a fit time for the members of the Club to 
prepare themsel ves for another discussion. 
'The subject which I have chosen for our 
next, or tenth discussion is one that I think 
will interest all, and upon which much can be 
said, viz.: Apples—Where to grow them—How 
lo care for them—Their value upon the farm 
—The insect pests troubling them—A remedy 
for them—The most -profitable eariettes—The 
best variety. 
Unde Mark Avill expect some pretty good 
discussions upon this subject, as most if not ail 
of the Cousins are very familiar with this na¬ 
tional fruit. 
All communications upon the subject must 
be sent in before September 1. 
To the boy who Avill discuss the subject in 
the most thorough manner, a good book Avill 
be sent. A similar gift will also be sent to 
the girl that does best. Writing and spelling 
will be taken into consideration. Will the 
members of the Club unite to have this the 
best discussion yet before the Youth's Horti¬ 
cultural Club? 
YOUNG QUERIST. 
M. K. Kinsley, Kaus.—Do Oleanders freeze 
in Winter? 
Ans. —Yes. They are not hardy, but should 
be kept in the cellar or a warm room during 
the Winter. 
Mm Hurl bur fc. If your vines are large 
enough it would be better to transplant them 
to some sheltered nook and allow them to re¬ 
main there over Winter. If the vines are 
small allow them to remain in the box until 
next Spring. If planted in the Fall nothing 
will be gained. 
C. L. M., Cayuga Co., N. Y.—How can I 
get rid of little black and red ants in my 
floAver beds? 
Ans.—A very good way is to make lime- 
water and put in it a little carbolic acid and 
run it in their holes. 
H. K., Kinsley, Kansas.—1. How are hedge 
seeds to be planted? 2. What is the best way 
to get rid of lice in my hen house? 
Ans, —There are such a variety of trees and 
shrubs to be used for hedges it would require 
much space to give you the required direc¬ 
tions. Perhaps for your locality the Osage 
Orange will answer best. Put the seeds in a 
box or kettle and pom- on \'ery hot water, 
draining off the surplus, covering and allow¬ 
ing them to lie (being frequently stirred) till 
they are swollen and ready to sprout. Then 
plant in rows about 18 to 24 inches apart, and 
keep cultivated to keep down the weeds. Late 
iu the Fall they should be mowed down, and 
the roots, after being loosened by a spade or 
by plowing, should he picked out, assorted, 
tied in bunches, and buried in dry trenches or 
kept in a cellar till Spring, when the plants 
may be set in rows from 8 to 12 or 15 inches 
apart. 2. The best way to get rid of lice is to 
fatten your poultry and kill them, and then 
thoroughly clean aud fumigate your hen 
house. Then start with new stock. 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS. 
Uncle Mark and Rural Cousins.—I 
have been thinking about writing to the 
Rural for quite awhile. But have not got 
started until now. My father takes your in¬ 
teresting paper, and we like it very much. 
It is hailed Avitb gladness, and I go for the 
Cousins Columns first. I have not written be¬ 
fore. but I suppose that Uncle Mark aud the 
Cousins will be glad to hear from me. I think 
that some of the letters about how the young 
people succeed with their garden and vege¬ 
table seeds are very interesting. I want to 
thank Uncle Mark for that paper of the Rural 
Garden Treasures. I planted them iu a couple 
of pans, and watched them regularly so as to 
keep the ground moist. Some of them are up 
and doing nicely. 1 am anxious for them tx> 
grow large enough, so as to transplant them. 
Those Niagara Grape seeds that you sent my 
father are growing nicely, aud he is very much 
pleased with them. The Shoe Peg Corn aud 
Perfection Watermelon are also up und grow¬ 
ing splendidly. He sends his thanks for them. 
In my next letter I Avill tell the Cousins some¬ 
thing about my beautiful Vineland home. 
Yours respectfully, 
Vineland, N. J. h. m. s. 
[We shall all be glad to hear about your 
Vineland home, I am sure. Uncle Mark.] 
Dear Uncle Mark: —I received the flow¬ 
er seeds you sent me, and am \-ery much 
obliged for them. In my garden are peas, po¬ 
tatoes, beans, onions, beets, lettuce aud a feiv 
strawberries—about -10 plants. I have also a 
few blackberry bushes. I am going to set out 
some more strawberry plants this Fall; what 
plants I have now promise to bear a good wop, 
My father raises a great deal of small fruit, 
especially strawberries. I found a few the 
other day so I guess we ivill have plenty in n 
few days. 1 think Walter Franks’s letters are 
splendid. What do you think would be good 
for me to raise, that would yield a good deal 
either this year or ne xt ? G ood-bye, 
Duchess Co.. N.Y. Bessie C. Underhill. 
[It would be a good plan to take nice care of 
those Sweet Williams, and in the Fall see hoAv 
Avell you can get out the seeds, so that you 
may have a nice lot next year. —Uncle Mark. ] 
Dear Uncle Mark:— I am afraid you have 
classed me as one of the silent Cousins, I have 
not written for such a long time. We ha\ r e 36 
sheep, 13 lambs, one colt, five calves, IK) red 
pigs and KM) young chickens. I arn very much 
obliged to you for the flower seeds. Ma said 
the Sweet William seeds were just what she 
Avauted. I am nine years old and go to school. 
I hope this letter is not too long for you to 
print. Charles Demotte. 
Christian Co., Ill. 
[This letter is not too long: in fact, the great 
trouble with most of them is they are not long 
enough. But it is better to write short ones 
than none at all. With so much live stock on 
the farm, Charles ought to be able to Avrite 
the Cousins a real good letter.— Uncle Mark. 
Dear Uncle Mark:—I am afraid that I 
shall be numbered among some of the silent 
Cousins if 1 do not Avrite more often. I had 
pretty good luck with my flowers and vege¬ 
tables last Summer. The Carnations were 
A'ery pretty. I planted the seeds in the house 
m a box, and transplanted them to a lied of 
equal parts of swamp-muck and garden soil; 
they grew well and flowered until the frost 
came which was about the flj-st. of October. 
Out of the Hollyhock seeds I received, I have 
10 large plants; they did not flower last year, 
but will this. The Surprise melons were very 
nice but I only succeeded iu getting tAvo 
from the seeds 1 received; the vines grow 
large aud blossomed well but the melons 
did not set. I think it avos too cold for 
them, although I had other kinds of melons 
that did well. The Pyrethruin roseurn seed 
grew very well; I had 45 nice plants; the 
flowers were pretty. I saved one pint of seed 
from the plants that I had last Fall, but part 
of the seeds Avere not filled very well. I hud 
some very nice fern-leaf oil parsley last Sum¬ 
mer, and iu the Fall I thought 1 would take 
up some of the plants and put thorn in the cel¬ 
lar. I did so, aud it was very lucky that I 
did, for all that were out in the garden Win¬ 
ter-killed. I transplanted those that I took 
up, and they are growing nicely now. The 
seeds that Uncle Mark sent to me this Spring 
have germinated already. I planted them in 
boxes ami kept them on the south side of the 
house, and watered them every evening. It 
was only one week from the time I planted 
them until they began to come up. I intend 
to transplant them to a large flower bed as 
soon as they get a little larger. I send many, 
many thanks to Uncle Mark for the seeds he 
has so kindlj- sent to me. Inclosed find a 
heading for the Cousins’ Column. I expect 
that you have received many much nicer thau 
this, but I thought it was no harm to try. I 
must close, wishing Uncle Mark and all the 
Cousins much success. L. H. 
Oshawa, Ont. 
KN-Y. - 
Mr. De Poise. —“ Well Bub what will you charge mo for your horse by the hour? 
Boy.—“W al it depends wot your goiu’ to do with him—Did you parposa to carry him, Boss 
l&teceUuneous % dvnli.si n § . 
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Safe in Application. 
Sure in Operation. 
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These statements arc not too strong to apply to an 
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THE HOUSTON FOOD PRESERVATIVE 
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Vltae and Anti-Ferment, which are pul up In bottles. 
Cheap in Price. Simple in Use* 
"Vlandlnc" for meats, poultry, .hi ots. per lb- 
“Ocean Wave" for oysters, lobsters. Sc., 5il ots- 
"Pearl" for cream, SI.no. “Snow Flake" for milk- 
butter. Sec., .wets, "queen” Tor eggs, fill)). "Aqua- 
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Put up In t lb. and 5 lb. cans, and In 25 lb. boxes. 
Directions for use arc so plain and simple, that a 
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Fora pound of meat, fish, butter, or cheese, for a 
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Mention this paper. 
THE HUMISTON FOOD PRESERVING CO. 
7'i Kilby Street, Boston. Alas*. 
FRUIT TREES 
In GRAFTS and SPROUTS. 
MA.YFIjOWEFt.8 
IN SLIPS. 
The best and most hardy varieties at lowest prices 
can be procured from F. BUTTERRRODT, HI des- 
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TOILET LUXURY. 
WILLIAMS’ BARBERS’ BAR SOAP, 
Originally Intended for shaving. Its absolute purity 
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by thousands as a 
FAMILY TOILET SOAP. 
Multitudes who have tried flic most expensive Im¬ 
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genuine satisfaction. For the bath or nursery, It Is far 
superior to “Castile," and nothing Is purer, sweeter, 
or more efficacious for a 
TOOTH SOAP. 
AVo will mall a sample to nnv reader of this paper, 
on receipt of Sc. stamp, and a cake of Genuine Yankee 
Soup for 12c. 
.J. ILWILLIAMS CO., 
GLASTONBURY, CONN. 
TRADE MARK. 
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EDUCATIONAL. 
S3. Tito NKVV CALENDAR of tlio 18t>4. 
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