THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
AUG 4 
T ITE 
RURAL NLW-YORKER, 
Conducted by 
ELBERT S. CARMAN. 
Address 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
No. 34 Park Row. New York. 
SATURDAY, AUGUST 4. 1888. 
Upon one branch of Shaffer’s Colossal 
Raspberry 14 inches lonsj wc counted (July 
181 68 berries, most of which were riue 
and of uniformly very large size. We 
have rarely, if ever, seen berrieR upon the 
same length of stem that in the aggre¬ 
gate would weigh so much. 
March 27 we grafted a cion of one of 
our seedlings upon the Concord. The 
cion at this date ("July 181 is nearly six 
feet high. The seedling itself mildews 
and our object in grafting it upon the 
Concord was to ascertain to what extent 
so healthy a stock would overcome the 
tendency. Tims far the cion is more mil¬ 
dewed than the seedling plant. 
Thf. method of hanging tobacco de¬ 
scribed and illustrated in this week’s 
Rural, has been adopted by many in N. 
Y. State—a suggestion of Mr, W. L. 
Hershv of Lancaster Co.. Pa. The use 
of the wire, however, originated with the 
writer of the article, and it has commended 
itself to all who have seen it. It has 
other advantages not mentioned, which 
will appear to the tobacco-grower who 
has used nails. The method of hanging 
upon lath is new in many tobacco-growing 
sections, but is rapidly gaining ground. 
Our favorite Victoria Crane (Minerl for 
the third year is hearing an immense cron 
—twice as large as it should be permitted 
to bear. There is no annearance of rot 
upon the handsome, well-filled bunches. 
This is the only vine, so far ns we have 
heard, that Mr. Miner parted with previous 
to his death.and perhaps it is the only one 
which is I'TWirn to he true to name. The 
others sent to us bv Mr, Miner ns the best 
of his collection are not esneeiallv praise¬ 
worthy. Rockingham (black) is hardv. 
healthy, very productive—but the berries 
crack badly. 
Reports from various parts of the 
country show that the past week has been 
extraordinarily signalized by losses of life 
and property owing to wind and rain 
storms. A number of deaths due to this 
cause are reported from Ontario. Canada, 
Michigan, Minnesota. Town, "Northern 
THinnis and Southern Kansas, and serious 
damage to crops and farm buildings has 
added to other causes of mourning. A 
great part of Europe, also, has been 
suffering from the like meteorological 
visitations. France, Bohemia, Silesia, 
Lombardy. Routnania and Southern 
Russ a have been swept in places by very 
disastrous storms. Badly as some sections 
have suffered, however, on this and the 
other side of the Atlantic, the general 
outlook for crops, if not unusually bright, 
is certainly better then it was this time 
last year. 
There is a report that Mr. Fink, the 
trunk-line railroad Commissioner, has 
determined to advance the freight rate on 
Chicago dressed beef from 64 to 77 cents 
per hundred pounds. The dressed beef 
men indignantly say that this would be a 
killing rate, and if maintained miiRt neces¬ 
sarily put. an end to the business. 
While such a result would, perhaps, be 
injurious to Eastern consumers and 
Western producers of meat, it would cer¬ 
tainly be beneficial to Eastern live-stock 
owners, the value of whosp animals would 
he appreciated by lessening the severity 
of competition with stock raised cheaply 
on the Western ranges for which compara¬ 
tively little or no rent is paid. The rail¬ 
roads maintain that if the dressed meat 
trade he maintained, it will soon fall into 
the hands of a few monopolists who will 
be able to dictate terms both to the trans¬ 
porter and consumer. Should the rail¬ 
roads destroy this growing competition 
with the live-stock traffic will they furnish 
facilities to insure thp public wholesome 
meat. Rave the extortionate charges of 
cattle yards, and preserve the poor beasts 
while in transit from the unspeakable 
torments which render the present system 
so wasteful and barbarous? 
Thousands of our readers are sure to 
share in our sorrow at the death of our 
old friend and contributor Samuel B. 
Peek, of Muskegon, Michigan. At seven 
o’clock last Saturday morning, July 81. he 
went to rest at thp age of 78. Mr. Peck 
was born at Cheshire. Connecticut, on 
February 22, 180,1. He began teaching 
school when 18 years old, and continued 
doing so for several year®. Later he en¬ 
gaged in the mercantile business in bis 
native village as -"mil as in East Bloom¬ 
field, Avon and Gorham. "N". Y. In 1889 
he removed to Muskegon, Mich., where 
he continued in the same occupation until 
his store was burned in the great fire there 
in 1874. Always a lover of pomology, he 
devoted his attention entirely to fruit¬ 
growing since that time. Ever since his 
settlement in Michigan he has been a fre- 
ouent contributor to the Rural New- 
Yorker, Ins articles being always tersely 
written and entirely practical. Although 
he has been failing since the celebration 
of bis “golden wedding” on April 21 last, 
so great was Ins interest in horticulture 
and his persistencein working that he pre¬ 
pared an article on the Niagara Grape for 
this paper the last week of his life. At 
the time of his death Mr. Peek was Presi¬ 
dent of theMuskpgnn County Horticultural 
Society, and he had been president of the 
Village of Muskegon in 18fi1 and 1862, 
and supervisor of the township in 1864. 
1868 and 1869. nis opinions on horticul¬ 
tural nndpomologieal Questions were iustlv 
valued everywhere, and the man himself 
was highly esteemed by all who knew him. 
THE LATEST WHEAT CROP ESTI¬ 
MATE. 
Under the date of .Tulv 26'the Millers’ 
National Association issued its lntpst esti¬ 
mate of the wheat crop of 1888 in 21 
States, making the aggregate vield 358.- 
690.700 bushels, against 466,207.900 bush¬ 
els in 1882. a falling off of 107.607,200 
bushels, or 20 per cent. Ttslntestprevious 
estimate, published on Mav 19, gave 373.- 
500,000 bushels as the probable vield for 
the snmearea, so that sinep then there has 
been a sb orta ce of a bontl 5.000,000 bush els. 
As stated in the Rural of .Tune 9. however, 
the States and Territories riot included in 
the estimates of the Millers’ National As¬ 
sociation produced 88.574.000 bushels of 
wheat last year, and deducting a shortage 
of 20 eer cent, from this amount, to pre¬ 
serve the same ratio of shortage as in thp 
other States, there still rpmain 39,800.000 
bushels, making the total vield of the 
whole country, according to this latest es¬ 
timate. 889.550.900 bushels against 425.- 
000,000 estimated as this year’s aggregate 
vield bv the Department of Agriculture, 
and 504,222.470 bushels last year. This 
would be a shortage of 114.671.570 bush¬ 
els in this year’s crop against a deerease 
of 79.222.470 according to thp Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture: one of 60.8(16,470 
bushels according to Bradstreet, and one of 
64,222.000 according to the Cincinnati 
Pricp Current. 
We are very strongly of opinion that 
the Millers’National Association takes too 
gloomy a view of the outlook, though to 
some of the State Boards of Agriculture 
the prospect seems still darker. For in¬ 
stance, while the Millers’ Association esti¬ 
mates the total wheat crop of Illinois 
at 23.53fi.O00 bushels, the Secretary of 
the State Board of Agriculture puts it as 
low as 16,000,000 bushels. 
GLANDERS AMONG HORSES IN ILLI¬ 
NOIS. 
Accordtno to the Census the number of 
horses in Illinois in 1880 was 1.028.082, 
Texas coming next with 805,69(1, Town 
next, with 792.322. Ohio next with 73(1.- 
736,478 and New York next with 010,358. 
no other State having half the number of 
horses possessed hv the Sucker State. Tt 
is not only in the number of horses that 
Illinois surnassps all other States, hut also 
in the excellence and value of the stock. 
Verv natnrallv therefore the State should 
be exceptionally careful of the health of 
its horses whi< h form no inconsiderable 
part of its wealth. Lately much trouble 
and loss have been caused by the unus¬ 
ual prevalence of glanders in nl least 20 
counties of the State. As the disease is 
incurable by present skill, and is quite 
contagious not only in ease of horses, 
mules and asses, but also of human 
beings, the advice of veterinarians has al¬ 
ways been that affected animals should he 
promptly slaughtered and their carcasses 
be buried or burned to avoid all chances 
of infection. As glandpred horsps. how¬ 
ever. are capable of doing a considerable 
amount of work before death relieves 
them from suffering and the neighboring 
horses and people from risk of contagion, the 
owners of infected animals often strongly 
object to follow the advice of veterinarians, 
and in most European countries as well as 
in some of the American States, it has 
been found advisable or necessary to pass 
more or less stringent laws relating to 
glanders. 
On Ma” 31. 1881, the Hlinois Leg¬ 
islature passed a law for the suppres¬ 
sion of plpnro-pnpumonin among cattle, 
giving the State Veterinarian authority to 
quarantine nil infected premises at his 
own discretion, and to slaughter infected 
animals whether in districts whioh 
the Governor mav have “proclaimed” 
infected or elsewhere. This act 
was amended on June 13 last, so 
as to extend thp authority of the Veterin¬ 
arian to glanders among horses, provided 
that wherever the slaughter of affected 
animals is ordered, the Veterinarian must 
he joined in the order by one or both of 
the consulting veterinary surgeons or 
physicians provided for in the pleuro¬ 
pneumonia act. Hitherto the action of 
Dr. Paaren, the State Veterinarian, has 
been hampered bv tlie opposition of the 
owners of glandered horses, who insisted 
that he had no authority to meddle with 
infected animals until the Governor had 
pro •Inimed the disease epizootic in each 
district: hut the Attorney-General has 
iust decided that the State Veterinarian 
has full authority to quaran’ino infpeted 
premises necessarily in “proclaimed” dis¬ 
tricts and at his own discretion elsewhere, 
and also to slaughter infected horses, when 
supported by the consent of the consulting 
authorities. 
SOUTHERN PROGRESS. 
Tt is with pleasure that we note the 
very decided activity and push now ap¬ 
parent in the Southern States. All seem 
anxious to avail themselves of the many 
opportunities for advancement which they 
find presented on all sides in a country 
abounding in mineral wealth, and posses¬ 
sing the best of agricultural soil. 
Tn the days of slavery “cotton was 
king.” and it was upon that the peo¬ 
ple depended entirelv for their pros¬ 
perity. purchasing nearly all the neres- 
sit’es of life in the North and "West, Goo- 
tent with what they had. making little 
effort for more, they passed an existence 
of indolence and seclusion. After a grad¬ 
ual awakening for the last 18 years, the 
South is now fullv alive to all its great 
possibilities. With its cotton, sugar and 
rice fields, and the undeveloped coal.iron, 
and mineral lands; with dense growths of 
valuable forests, and rich fields of virgin 
soil and excellent water privileges, there 
is no reason why with labor and capital 
these cannot be developed, so that the 
Southern States may be fully abreast of 
the North and West in the March of Pro¬ 
gress. Ufiere are now 191 cotton factories 
in operation or in course of construction 
in the Southern States. These mills are 
now profitably manufacturing cotton 
goods, and are placing them in the mar¬ 
kets of the world at prices in close com¬ 
petition with those of the Eastern mills. 
For the sensnn of 1880-81. Southern nulls 
took 190.000 hales of eotton during nine 
months ernling with Mav, and during the 
corresponding period in 1882-83 these 
same mills took 300,000 hales, an increase 
of consumption of 58 per cent, in two 
years. As the eotton is delivered to the 
mills in many eases without having to he 
shinned bv rail, it stands to reason that 
unless the railroads make unusual conces¬ 
sions to New England manufacturers, thov 
cannot hope to successfully compete with 
their Southern competitors. This is 
shown in the verv fact that 175 establish¬ 
ments in Massachusetts paid an average of 
$11.35 per hundred pounds for raw mate¬ 
rial, while in Georgia the. price was *10.40. 
With the opening of the many railroads 
throughout the Southern States may be 
expected a greater influx of capital and 
labor with a corresponding development 
of the agricultural and mineral lands. 
Florida is rapidly being settled by fruit¬ 
growers, and railroads are being pushed 
to all parts of the State. The president 
of the Southern Express Gomnanv has 
recently secured rontrol of the Florida R. 
R., a line running from Sanford, on the 
head-waters of the St. John’s River, to 
Kissimmee City on Lake Tahaptclaga. 
which gives him control of 800 miles of 
railroad. A line of steamers will he placed 
on the waters below Kissimmee City 
which will have access through the great 
sugar-growing region of the country. The 
Charleston. Cumberland Gap and Chicago 
Railway forms by its northern and south¬ 
ern connections a continuous course from 
Charleston to Louisville, Cincinnati and 
Chicago, thereby serving as an ocean out¬ 
let to the markets of the world. This 
road will penetrate some of the most fer¬ 
tile farming regions on the continent; it 
will open up vast stretches of timber land 
and help to develop immense beds of coal, 
iron, marble, granite, copper, zinc and 
lend, that have heretofore been inaccessi¬ 
ble to commerce. 
Virginia is mnking rapid strides in tbe 
development of her farming and mineral 
lands, so that to-d.av iron mills arc ip the 
course of construction in considerable 
numbers in thp iron regions, and settlers 
are ranidlv taking up the fertile fields and 
givinuimpetustothc agricultural interests. 
Next to those in Oregon, thdargest and 
most vnhiahlc forests in the Union are to 
he found in the Southern States, and the 
manufacture of cabinet woods can he 
made one of the leading industries in that 
section, as the water-nnwer for factories 
is most excellent. North Carolina alone 
eould sunnly the whole South with furni¬ 
ture, while the forests of Texas at their 
present rate of consumption will Inst three 
hundred years. 
Among the noticeable progressive steps 
that the South is taking is the educational 
one. Schools arc ranidlv obtaining n firm 
foot-bold, and we have reason to think 
that in the future it will not he neces¬ 
sary for residents of the South to send 
their children to institutions at the North. 
Since the war the South has received from 
philanthropic Northerners fullv £25,000.- 
000 for educational purposes, and vet this 
amount constitutes only about one-fifth of 
the amount expended. Tn conjunction 
with the schools of learning mav be con¬ 
sidered tbe -Expositions—the Louisville 
Exposition which opened Aug. 1. and the 
great New Orleans Cotton Exposition 
which opens next year. Through them 
the people of the country may be enabled 
to judge of Southern enterprise and pros¬ 
pects. and at the same time to study the 
products of that section. We predict for 
the South a highly prosperous future. 
BREVITIES. 
The Sunerb Rasnberrv from Spring-sot 
plants rineus a few large berries of snnVbtlv 
flavor, and large size. The Hansell. though 
the berries rinenpd before anv other red. eon- 
tinues to hear through n long season. Older 
plants may behave differently. 
The Earrner’s Friend Gorn-nlantpr was re- 
eeived hv tup as fourth prim in the last, r op test 
for the highest, piipppos with the Uirn of the 
Rural Free Seed Distribution, and its merits 
having been thorough!v tested hv planting 00 
pares, it has nroved to he at the head of that 
class of implements, and T can stropglvrecom¬ 
mend it. ns the best T have ever used. The 
manufacturers I found to he courteous and 
ohlia-'pe. A, F. Barnes. 
Clinton, Co.. Michigan. 
Thus sneaks Mr. T. C. Robinson, of Owen 
Sound. Canada: “I do value the Herat, px _ 
eepdipclv Ttsfacte arenncomn’onlvreliable; 
its Agricultural and Horticultural News fresh 
and spiev: its contributors’notes varied and 
choice, end best of all, its guesses, where facts 
are not fullv attainable or onl v partly develnp- 
ed. and its opinions. where collocations of facts 
are hi be ndiudged upon and averaged up, are 
particularly worthy of acceptance.” 
Wk dc«irc once more to call the attention 
of our repders to the next- meeting of the 
American Homological Society, which is to 
onpn in Philadelphia. Pa., on September 12. 
Professor TV. ,T. Peal, of tbe State Agricul¬ 
tural College, T posing. Michigan. Secretary 
of the Soeietv. writes ns that so far everything 
indicates that thprp will he a largenttenrlouop. 
The venerable President. Marshall P. Wilder, 
expects to attend the meeting. 
Mg would inform our readers, that inad¬ 
vertently a portion of the cuts ip the article 
upon Milk in the Herat, of .Tulv 1-t were in- 
qorreetjv named How’s tni'k. Fio 375. should 
be skimmed milk: cream. Fig. 377. aboutd be 
colostrum in cow's milk; Fig. 373. should bp 
nnre cow’s milV* Fig. 379 should >*» unhealthy 
human milk: Fig. 881. should he cream and 
Fig. should be elephant’s milk. 
Oer highly esteempd contemporary, the 
Cultivator and Country Gentleman, publishes 
a “Fair List.” a trifle over a column and a 
half long, and with a Inst appreciation of the 
lmnsnnl enterm-isp and energy exhibited in 
making the collection, boasts of the feat with 
very oardonpblc vnoifv. As long ago a® .Tulv 
7.the Rural Nev'-Yorker mibb'cRcd a “Fair 
List” over three column* in length, but n= the 
enterprise and energy di«n!«ved in comnilirg 
it. were not, at all unusual for the Heual, of 
course there was nothing to crow about,. 
Tog Fditor of the Rufat, nnon Ms arrival 
at Lake Hooatcong received severe! compli¬ 
ments in which our readers mav take some 
sort of an interest.. One person mistook him 
foe a tramn; another for a nortpr, “What old 
fellow is that?” asked another. The worst of 
it was that, thpse remarks were made when the 
Rerat. Fditor was dressed in his verv best, go- 
to-meeting clothes. We leave onr readers to 
imagine what fcliov might have l>eon had he 
Wen dressed in the usual manner os at the 
Rural Grounds. 
At this date the Niagara Grapes are about 
the size of Concords with more comuact, 
hunches. The berries ere free from rot and the 
vines from mildew. The seme mav he said of 
Moore’s Farlv as regards freedom from mil¬ 
dew The berries are larger, the hunches 
smaller. Cottage, from vine® set in the Spring 
of 188(1, hears a full crop. The hunches am of 
medium size, imshonldered. with long pedun¬ 
cles. The berries am rotting. Lfldv is hear¬ 
ing a full crop. The hunches are full and 
thus far free from rot. Pocklincton lieai-s its 
first crop with us—vine and grapes perfectly 
healthy. The same may be suid of Vergennes 
uud Ricketts’s Jefferson. 
