AUG 25 
538 
TUI RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Foot and mouth disease prevails among 
those who have the gout and talk too much... 
Thk worst of all is that such success as that 
of Jay Gould dazzles the minds of people un¬ 
til they lose their hold upon moral distinctions 
and the greatest thieves and swindlers ot‘ the 
age nreenviea and imitated because the pre¬ 
vailing sentiment does not detest them accord¬ 
ing to their real deserts—instead of becoming 
outcasts of society through all climes and 
kingdoms. 
Mr. Meehan says that the Japan Maples 
thrive exceedingly well in the neighborhood 
of Philadelphia, growing rapidly and standing 
both boat and cold without the least injury.. 
Mr. S. B. Parsons notes, in the London 
Garden, that the new Magnolia parviflora 
bears its flowers after the leaves are fully 
formed. They have the combined fragrance 
of the banana, pine apple and winter-green 
and one flower will ]>erfmne a room. He 
pronouueesit the most charming hardy flower¬ 
ing tree that he knows... 
Mn. Parsons also mentions three other 
notable plants, viz., the dolden Pine (Piuus 
Massoniana aurea) the Golden Oak (Quercus 
concordia) and Btuartia pentagyna, all of 
which we have frequently alluded to in these 
columns.. • .. 
We are not surprised that Ellwanger & 
Barry, who always test their new plants care¬ 
fully, say that among the new varieties of 
straw!terries deserving attention they place 
the Manchester first. They think that the 
James Vick also merits a trial; that the Jer¬ 
sey Queen, though yielding large, handsome 
fruit of very good quality, does not yield 
enough to render it valuable except to the 
amateur. The Mount Veruou or Kirkwood, 
so highly esteemed with us, is really a marvel 
of productiveness with them. In an ordinary 
season it could not have perfected half of its 
fruit, but this year, iu consequence of con 
turned rains, it has mutured a large, crop. 
They say little that is commendatory of the 
quality of the fruit. It is of medium to large 
size, roundish, quite uniform, and moderately 
tirm. But, the seeds are very numerous and 
lie upon the surface, causing au unpleasant 
sensation w hen the fruit is eaten. Season late 
to very late.. 
Mr. Medii.e. of the Chicago Tribune, thinks 
that, not one city-bred man in a hundred, how¬ 
ever intelligent, who transfers himself and 
family to a farm, will make it pay. He cures 
not liow much capital he may start in with, 
sooner or later he will get through with it.... 
It is infinitely easier for a farmer’s boy to 
come to the city and get along than for a 
townsman’s son to go into the country and 
make a good farmer. 
Don’t make oueuiies. One enemy will 
cause you more trouble than a thousand 
friends. 
It costs, remarks the Michigan Fanner, $150 
to import a Jersey cow. This includes handling 
on the island after purchase, transporting 
across the Atlantic, and care during three 
months’ detention in quarantine. 
The Live Stock Indicator quotes Professor 
Brown, of the Ontario Model Farm, as ray¬ 
ing, "an average cow for dairy purposes 
should give 'JO pounds of milk a day during 
200 days every year; eight pounds of cream 
for every 100 pounds of milk; 45 pounds of 
butter from every 100 pounds of cream, and 
fully 10 pounds of cheese for every 100 pounds 
. .i .n Ik.”. .. 
The Dairy rays that ou farms where a bull is 
necessarily kept, it should lie made to earn its 
feed by work iu a tread power; churning, cut¬ 
ting fodder, grinding meal, thrashing, and 
sawing fire wood are all such chores as may be 
done by this animal with advantage to itself, 
and profit and safety to its owner; for a bull 
thus trained from ealfhood will always be 
docile..... 
Mr. C. M. Ilovey, iu the Massachusetts 
Ploughman, characterizes the Bidwell as 
“acid,” and the Sharp less as “coarse and 
flavorless.” Mr. Hovey apparently finds all 
the perfections combined iu Hovcy's Seedling. 
He mentions that 40 years ago sjiccimcu bel¬ 
lies measured eight inches in circumference.. 
Iu New York City, a short time ago, a man 
died from poison communicated whilo hand¬ 
ling some buffalo hides sent from India. Some 
years ago, au importer oi hides in Now York 
died from the effects of a bite or sting of a fly 
which inhabited the \olt where the hides were 
stored, says the Scientific American. 
CucnjusliftT. 
RURAL SPECIAL REPORTS. 
Iowa. 
Liberty Center, Warren Co., August 3.— 
Small grains and grass very good, especially 
the hitter. Fruit l ntlier poor. A great many 
of our orchards injured by the severe freeze in 
the beginning of the past Winter. What we 
thought our iron-clad varieties—the Ben Davis 
and Winesap—suffered most; small fruits 
suffering iu about the same ratio. Potatoes 
are making a spleudid showing. Hebrous 
about matured. Blush and White Elephant in 
bloom. Perfection Watermelon and Shoe-peg 
Com doing splendidly. Our corn crop that 
early in July promised nothing, has made 
such rapid growth since then that even the 
the croakere are jubilant over the prospect. 
Flax also good. ,r. ir. m. 
Minnesota. 
Morris, Stevens Co., Aug. 10.—Harvesting 
has just commenced. The average of wheat 
is about one-third less than last year, bub the 
crop is the best I have seen in the last four 
years. Average of oats almost double that of 
previous years; yield rather light and straw 
so short that it is difficult to bind. Barley a 
fair c-rop. Cora, n new departure for this 
section, is a little late, but if an early frost 
does not catch it, it will prove a valuable crop. 
Wheat heretofore has engaged the almost ex¬ 
clusive attention of our farmers, but slowly 
their eyes are being opened to the faet that 
the rich prairie soil will grow many other 
crops that will yield well and pay better tliau 
the ruinous system of exclusive wheat raising. 
This season 1 have seen iu Stevens Co., good 
crops of buckwheat, millet, field peas, turnips, 
Timothy and clover. Vegetables do well and 
some have had success with small fruits. 
Stock raising is iu its infancy, but is begin¬ 
ning to receive considerable attention. Two 
creameries have been started in this county 
this year, and cows that were sold for $20 a 
year ago will uow bring $40. A large num¬ 
ber of cattle and sheep have been sliipped into 
the county iu the last six months. Good hay 
can be put up for $1.50 per ton, and as all the 
county is well watered there is uo reason why 
stock should uot do well if provided with 
proper shelter. l. H. s. 
New Jersey, 
Elmer. Salem Co., August. 8.—The yield of 
wheat was fair. Oats were rather short owing 
to lack of rain, hut they were generally well 
filled. We have promise of a good crop of 
corn. It never looked better at this season of 
the year than at present. Early potatoes 
were above the average in yield. Irate pota¬ 
toes have not come up very evenly, aud the 
hugs are thick. Apple crop not very good. 
Peaches set their fruit well but the pickings 
are running small in size. I am told the vine¬ 
yards are not going to yield a large crop of 
grapes, having failed to set their fniit prop¬ 
erly. R. w. s. 
New York. 
Middlesex, Yates Co.. August 7. —Wo are 
having very cool w eather for this season, with 
frequent show ers. Farmers are in the midst of 
Harvest. Wheat is an average crop in our 
section. Spring crops of all kinds are 
good except coin which will be short, unless 
we have warm weather soou. It has been 
very cool for the past t wo weeks. 1 hear some 
complaints of the potato rot in several locali¬ 
ties. The crop is uot coming up to the aver¬ 
age; but there is a large aerouge. In regard 
to fruits, all except peaches and apples arc 
good. The grapes promise a large yield if 
frost holds off. People are turniug their at¬ 
tention to grape culture on our hill-sides, for 
which the land seems to bo adapted. Small 
fruits, such as raspberries and strawberries, are 
cultivated to quite a large extent. We can 
report crops and fruits of all kinds up to au 
average iu our county. w. n. 
Tennessee. 
Humboldt, Gibson Go., Aug. !>.—The Blush 
Potato w as received March l ami planted the 
next day. It weighed two ounces, aud I cut 
it into 11 pieces and planted them in the gar¬ 
den; 10 only came up. To-day 1 dug 22 poumls 
of as flue potatoes as 1 have raised this sea¬ 
son, which make 352 ounces, or 1 70 times as 
much as l planted. The four largest potatoes 
weighed Jjijj pounds. 1 planted the Shoe-peg 
Coni on March 20, and raised t<> maturity 30 
ears ou 25 stalks, w hich make one-third of a 
bushel, lacking a few ounces, it is the finest 
early variety of large field corn l ever saw. 
It was well matured ou iho first of this mouth, 
when our earliest corn w as barely coming iu 
roasting ear. L am going to see w hat 1 can do 
with ail acre of it next year. The water¬ 
melons were nice, well flavored and early 
enough, but too small for marketing, and 
proved of no value here. We had from the 
two vines four very nice melons which weighed 
12 to 15 pounds, ami we ate them about the 
15th of July. < h her melons iu the same patch 
and witii the same cultivation, planted at the 
same time, weighed 40 to 50 pounds. From 
the Niagara Grape seeds l have four tine 
healthy vines. j. k. c. 
Virginia. 
Wallaceton, Norfolk Co., Aug. 8.—The 
“Blush” Potatoes sent me last Spring were cut 
in 17 pieces and planted March 23. April 25 
every plant up and doing finely. Dug Aug. 
0; yield over half a bushel, weighing 20 
pounds two ounces. The two potatoes planted 
weighed one ounce each. c. A. s. 
(Tl)f t J hin-bt 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention.! 
FRUITS FOR CENTRAL DAKOTA. 
L. D., Bismarck, Dak, —What varieties of 
apples would be likely to do best in the neigh¬ 
borhood of Iron Mountain for an orchard of 
10( ) trees for family use and market? How many 
Summer. Fall, and Winter apples should there 
lie ? What. also, would be the most desirable 
cherries, plums, pears, strawberries, currants, 
and raspberries i 
Ans. —Not knowing the location of “ Iron 
Mountain,” we assume it to be in Dakota, near 
Bismarck. Thera is probably little or no ex¬ 
perience with fruits iu that region; hence we 
are guided mainly by the recommendations of 
fruit-growers iu the similar climate of Minne¬ 
sota, especially so far as apples are concerned. 
Selecting from their lists of last year, we name: 
For Summer, 50 Tetofski; for Autumn, 50 
Duchesse of Oldenburg; for early Winter, 150 
Wealthy; for late Winter, 150 Minnesota. 
The success of pears in that climate, w e regal'd 
as quite doubtful—Osband's Summer. Flemish 
Beauty. Sheldon, and Bearn? d’Anjou are as 
likely to succeed as any others. If any plums 
will stand Dakota Winters, they are likely to 
be such natives us Miner, Weaver, or others of 
northern parentage. Cherries, none but Mo¬ 
rel! os—Early Richmond, English Morello, or 
Late Morello are hardy and good. Currants, 
Red Dutch, WhiteGrape, Cherry, aud Victoria. 
Raspberries, Black-Caps only—Souhegan, Ty¬ 
ler, Ohio, Gregg. Strawberries, Dutchess 
Crescent, Wilson, Kentucky. 
ABOUT CANARIES 
T. C. U., Dalecille , Va. —1. Is it desirable to 
feed canaries grass seed of any kind in con¬ 
nection with the mixed seed used for the pur¬ 
pose? 2. At what season of the year aud how 
often do they lay? 3. Give particulars about 
raising young birds? 
Ans. —1. We should say uoi. Canaries are 
very delicate birds and we should say, stick 
to the accustomed diet. 2. In the Spring. 
Not more than twice and usually once. When 
your young birds can feed themselves [which 
you will observe by their uot letting the cock 
feed them longer, or by his discontinuing to do 
so) you may cage them off and give them 
chopped egg, with braid. Grate a hard-boiled 
egg through a horse-radish grater, then a 
piece of stale bread the size of an egg. and 
mix the two together and ran through the 
grater twice, and add a little maw seed aud 
some ground or bruised rape. Feed this to 
them until they are seven weeks old when 
they will be able to crack hard seed, which 
should, however, before that time In.- given to 
them. They should then have a mixture of 
rape, canary and hemp seeds mixed together, 
taking care that fresh seeds bo put iu their 
box every tw o days. Young birds that are 
lost are usually either fed too much or too 
little, and without paying any attention as to 
the food being proper at the season it is 
given them. 
KEEPING VEGETABLES IN WINTER. 
./. if. f Sail Lake City, Utaii.—\. How can 
I preserve sweet potatoes from rot aud mil¬ 
dew, and keep them over Winter'? 2. How 
may cauliflowers lie kept through the Winter; 
also cabbages aud turnijw? 
Ans, —Flant early so as to be able to dig 
them when the weather is warm. Handle 
them carefully aud let them lie in the sun for 
tw o or three days after being dug. and they 
w ill keep all Winter. They can be dried on a 
kil n or iu a dry house if there is uot good 
w eather to do it iu outside. Wo know cf one 
grower who preserves bis potatoes over W in¬ 
ter by [Hitting them iu boxes and barrels. 
Find [Hit iu u layer of sand; then of potatoes, 
again sand, then potatoes, and continue the 
process until t he vessel is t all. The sand must 
be good aud dry. He claims to have good suc¬ 
cess by this method. 2. In a frost proof cellar, 
wheie the air is cold and dry. Cabbages ara 
often kept out doors iu tranches dug in the 
ground and covered with litter upon top of 
which is placed a bank of soil. 
,/. N. IL. Uyilen, hut.—I have a bluff too 
sfceep l’or cultivation; soil, gravelly loam; sub 
soil, clay, with northern and eastern exposures 
Will grapes do wall on it ? If so, w hat kinds 
will pay best here, Central Indiana ? If grapes 
will not be a success, what fruits will ? 
Ans. —The character of the soil is favorable 
for a vineyard, if the surface soil is not less 
than one-aud-a-half foot in depth, or shall be 
made so by trenching. An eastern exposure 
is favorable for grapes, and if the northerly 
slope has an opposite bluff, near by, to relieve 
the bleakness by protecting the location from 
cold winds, and increasing its warmth by 
reflection, it also will do reasonably well for 
this purpose- Most of the hardy fruits will 
succeed in the situation specified, as we assume 
it—the great drawback being the difficulty of 
cultivation; and there seems to be no escape 
from this difficulty, save by the partial and 
expensive remedy of terracing. Of course, we 
assume that cultivation is indispensable to 
success, with any of the fruits. 
C. L. .S’., Cold Creek , Pa .—I have a fine 
growth in an eight-year-old orchard, which 
boa re knotty fruit sparingly: it needs trim¬ 
ming; would August lie a good time to do the 
work ? Can anything be done to make it bear 
more and better fruit ? 
Ans.— If the land is wet, whether from a 
retentive subsoil or otherwise, it must be thor¬ 
oughly underdrained. If a rich, highly car¬ 
bonaceous soil is the cause, pruning in August 
will increase the tendency of fruitfulness, and 
check excessive growth. Root-pruning will 
doubtless hasten the desired result, but care 
must be had not to do it in excess; it should 
be done in Spring. The production of knotty 
fruit may doubtless be attributed to the ex¬ 
cessive tendency to wood growth. If the or¬ 
chard is in a healthy cundition. let it grow; 
time will bring fruitfulness, which will amply 
repay the delay. 
H. T. C ., Stanton, Mich .—A little white 
grub about one-half inch long is killing my 
cabbage, working iu the root; wliat Ls it and 
how can I kill it? 
Ans,— Y erv likely it is the maggot of the 
Cabbage Fly (Authotuyiahrassicae) which has 
found to be injurious to the cabbage in Michi¬ 
gan. Perhaps the fly may be prevented from 
depositing its eggs upon the cabbages by dust¬ 
ing them with slaked lime, or gypsum. 
D. B. G ., Essex Junction, Yt .—What will 
prevent maggots from eating my onions ? 
Ans.—W e know of no remedy after the 
maggots once get m the onions.’ All sickly 
onions should be dug up, if appearances indi¬ 
cate that they are infested with maggots, and 
burned, so that the maggots will not develop 
into the fly; Wood ashes or air-slaced lime 
may prevent the flies from laving their eggs 
upon the plants, if thoroughly dusted with it. 
H.D.. Madoc, Ont. Can .—What is the best 
food for young turkeys ? 
Ans.— Their feed may be bread crumbs, 
chopped meat, meal mixed with thick milk, 
buckwheat, and the like. One thing should 
be remembered, aud thatiis, variety of food is 
essential. In this respect young turkeys are 
quite particular, and often refuse to eat when 
offered the same kind of food day after day. 
Be careful to feed them nothing salt. 
h\ M. L., Newark, Ohio .—What is a good 
way to kill the larvae of the peach borer I 
Ans. —To kill the pest and prevent egg-lay- 
iug. apply to the base of the trank the follow¬ 
ing compounds: To ten gallons of soft soap 
add as much hot water; then stir in half a pint 
of crude carbolic acid and let it'stand over¬ 
night: next add three times its bulk of water 
and it is ready for use. 
B .11. T, Xorth Raya Hon, O., sends speci¬ 
men of apple-tree bark injured by an insect 
which is killing the trees, and asks the name 
of the [iest and sonic remedy against its ravages- 
Ans. —11 seems to be the bark louse. Is your 
soil well draiued ? A vigorous, healthy growth 
is the only remedy. 
E. B. II., Cincinnati, Ohio.— Is the Shaffer 
Colossal Raspberry red or black ? Who has it 
for sale ? 
Ans. —Reddish-purple. It originated with 
George Shaffer, IV heat land, N. Y. It has 
been advertised iu the Rural by C. A. Green, 
of Clilton, N. A'. 
H . B. S., Beulah, Kans .—By whom is a saw ¬ 
mill made in which the saw travels instead of 
the log ? 
Ans. —This is the Novelv Saw-mill,made by 
the E. 51. Birdsall MTg, Co.. Auburn, N. Y. 
1C. &, Salisbury, —What is the char¬ 
acter of the Monarch Lightning Potato Digger? 
Ans.—W e have not tried it ourselves, but 
we have heard it spoken of quite favorably. 
Communications Received kou the week Ending 
Satcuday. Aug. IS. 
C. M. H.-T. T L. - F. l> C —C. F. G.-F. J. W.— 
W. P. A.—H. T. V —C. M. H —T. G. T.—W. R. S. B.— 
J. H. M W. H. S R. H.-K. O.-O. C A.-C. B. P.— 
N. K. M J.M.S.S. S.H.-F. H. S. ll.F. V.-W. K— 
1. P. K.—J. C. A., thanks—C. L. S.-J. N. H.—K.O. C. 
—C. G. F.-J. M. K.-E. W. D.—C. A. B—L. S. H.—H. 
S. -B. A.-W. R. C,- A. M. W.-S. L., thanks—I. M, - 
T. T. U-K. S. 
