622 
a 
SEPT 22 
MILK AND BUTTER RECORD OF JER¬ 
SEY COW VIRTUE 2d. 
Who has not heard of the marvelous num¬ 
ber of pounds of butter yielded in a year by 
Eurotas, Jersey Bello of Seituate. Jersey 
Queen and other Jersey butter wonders. The 
offsprings and connections of these and of their 
ancestors have been vastly enhanced in price 
if not In intrinsic value by these great per¬ 
formances. Just as ordinary' people, however, 
are a trifle skeptical about the genuineness of 
the marvelous occurrences at spiritualistic 
dark seauces, so are the general public inclined 
to be somewhat incredulous in regard to these 
extraordinary yields of butter. Who tested 
the cows? Who kept the reckoning? Under 
what conditions were the tests made? What 
precautions were taken against intentional or 
unintentional errors? What safeguards were 
provided against, the exaggeration of self-in¬ 
terest? How came it that accounts were kept 
by interested parties for a whole year so 
accurately that fractional parts of a pound 
could be vouched for with as much certainty 
as entire pounds at the close of the year? In 
all the reports of great butter yields that have 
surprised the world of late vears, there have 
always been elements of doubt enough to 
afford the “profane” ample pretexts for sneers, 
jeers and scoffs. The believers in Jerseys, like 
the believers in suiritualism, might give ready 
credence to the marvels, but the rest of the 
world has been less generous of credit, and 
however willing to believe well of the breed, 
ordinary people have withheld full faith until 
assured that the tests had been publicly con¬ 
ducted in a trustworthy manner by com¬ 
petent, reliable aud disinterested persons. Such 
a test has lately been made in the case of the 
Jersey cow Value 2d,GS44, seven years old 
and 955 pounds in weight, the property of 
Messrs. Watts i5t Seth, of Baltimore, Md., au 
excellent likeness of which appears on the first 
page of this issue. 
In the hands of a former owner, Mr. Thomas 
Taggart, Virtue 2d made 24 pounds 3 ounces 
of butter in seven days iu a private test; and 
lately after another private trial her present 
owners, becoming assured that she could make 
an extraordinary record, on Juue2d last wrote 
to Mr. John I. Holly, President of the Amer¬ 
ican Jersey Cattle Club, requesting him to 
appoint a committee to conduct a seven days’ 
test in a way that would command public con¬ 
fidence, and about, the same time they wrote 
to Mr. Jolm G. Clarke. President of the Mary¬ 
land Improved Live Stock Breeders* Associa¬ 
tion. requesting the appointment of au auxil¬ 
iary committee In compliance with these 
requests Col. M. C. Weld, of this city, was ap¬ 
pointed on behalf of the American Jersey 
Cattle Cluli, and Messi-s. W. R. West, of Bal¬ 
timore, and A. M. Fulford, of Bel-Air, Mary¬ 
land, as representatives of the Breeders’ Asso. 
ciation. 
As a preliminary measure, the cow was 
milked and stripped thoroughly dry at 10 p.m- 
June 18, and the flirt milkiugof the trial took 
place at six o’clock next morning. Du ring the 
seven days she was milked regularly three 
times a day at intervals of eight hours, at six 
a.m.; two p.m.; aud ten p.m. After milking, 
the milk was taken to tlie daily and weighed, 
then strained into one of the cans of a Mos¬ 
ley’s Cabinet Creamer, where it was surrounded 
with ice water. The creamer was then locked 
with two newly purchased locks, one key 
being kept by Col. Weld, and the other by 
Messrs. West and Fulford. The creamer was 
also secured by a tape aud seals. The milk was 
allowed to remain in the creamer for 24 hours^ 
when the skim-milk was drawn off aud the. 
cream removed to another creamer where it 
remained surrounded by water at a tempera¬ 
ture of 62 to 64 degrees to “ ripen.” This 
creamer was secured in the same way as the 
other. 
The cream of each day’s milking was churn¬ 
ed separately on the fourth day. except that 
Thursday’s cream was churned on Saturday 
evening to avoid churning on Sunday. The 
butter was taken from the churn iu granular 
form, washed with cold water iu the churn 
and worked diy with a butter worker. When 
each inspector had pronounced it thoroughly 
worked, after examining it carefully with a 
paddle, it was weighed unsalted. The newly 
purchased scales were tested after each weigh¬ 
ing of milk or butter, and found to be correct. 
AU the members of both committees were pres¬ 
ent at every operation,and several others inter¬ 
ested in the test witnessed most of them. The 
skim-milk was tested by the Fesser “Lacto- 
scope,’’ which indicated only three-quarters of 
one per cent, of fat, and the butter-milk was 
churned twice without getting auv butter, so 
that it can be fairly assumed no loss occurred 
either in skimming or chinning. 
The following is the total daily product of 
milk and butter:— 
Milk Butter 
lbs. oz. lbs. oz. 
June 19, 
45 
7 U 
1 2 
1 
20, 
45 
4M 
3 
1 *2 
21, I 
45 
3 
7 
22, 
46 
loq. 
3 
614 
23, 
4S 
18 
4 
1 1-6 
24, | 
45 
2 
15 
25’, 
49 
s 
s 
15h! 
Total. 327 25 211-12 
During the trial her treatment and feed 
were under the direction of Mr. Seth, who 
furnishes the following particulars:- 1 ‘As neith¬ 
er accurate weights uor measures were used I 
am unable to say what amount of food 
w r as given her. Of grain she had unsifted 
corumeal. bran, cotton seed meal and linseed 
meal. She was fed throe times a day; morn¬ 
ing and evening corn, bran aud cotton-seed, 
and at noon a small quantity of linseed meal 
was substituted iu the place of the cotton-seed. 
Ou three nights, after the last milking, she 
had a small quantity of oatmeal gruel, made 
of, say, one-half pound of dry meal. Her 
green food consisted of cut clover aud Orch¬ 
ard Grass mixed, and oats and peas mixed on 
alternate days; besides, she had the run in the 
morning of about one acre of old pasture that 
bad been completely grazed off this season; in 
the afternoon and night she was put in another 
lot of about ore acre, mostly wood, with a 
little Orchard Grass outside of the wood, on 
w'liich three cows, herself included, had been 
running for three weeks. These runs were 
given her for air, shade and water principally; 
of pasturage, strictly speaking, I have none, 
as I soil my entile entirely, and for # tho 
whole period she w as fed with reference to 
the preservation of good health, hoping for 
as good a yield as was consistent therewith.” 
e 1) c ijevtisman. 
THE SPECIAL MEETING OF THE 
JERSEY CATTLE CLUB. 
A deep interest has been felt by Jersey 
breeders throughout the country in the result 
of the delilierations of the Jersey Cattle Club 
at the called meeting held iu New' York City 
September 5th when the proposed amendments 
to the constitution of the club were acted upon. 
We have taken occasion to comment upon 
these amendments and can now give the result 
of the Club’s actions so far as the preliminary 
meeting is concerned. It was decided to have 
the Board of Directors increased from four to 
twelve members iu order that breeders from 
all parte of the country could be better repre¬ 
sented on the Board. Four Directors are to 
be elected annually to serve three years, thus 
leaving always some experienced membera on 
the Board, and no Director is eligible for 
another term until after the lapse of one year. 
The time for holding the annual meeting of 
the Club was carried forward from April to 
May in order to have it held at the time the 
Spring sales usually take place, so that mem¬ 
bers who attend the meetings may have the 
inducement of being able to witness the sales. 
No officer or employe of the Club is nlknvcd 
to solicit proxies. This has heretofore been a 
prolific source of trouble in the Club, those in 
office beiug able to control their own re-election 
by means of solicited proxies. 
The Secretary is no longer to lie elected, but 
appointed by the Board of Directors and sub¬ 
ject to their control. Heretofore a small 
clique of disaffected members could by 
adverse votes cause the rejection of any pro¬ 
posed member, five votes beiug equivalent 
to a black ball. Now it requires one-tenth of 
the total votes cast, but live members must rec¬ 
ommend an applicant now, while one was 
sufficient under the old constitution. Jt was 
deemed advisable to add a provision to the 
effect that, death, resignation or expulsion 
should annul all interest, or privilege of a 
member in the Club and its property—these 
amendments to take effect the first Tues¬ 
day next before the third Wednesday iu April 
1884. Tin* by-laws were also amended so as 
to allow admission to the Herd Register of 
any animal from the Island of Jersey, thus do¬ 
ing aw'ay with the old requirement, that ani¬ 
mals to be eligible to registry should be en¬ 
tered in the Island Herd Book. Stringent 
rules w’ero made iu regard to describing the 
particular marks, especially white spots, on 
animals that are offered fur registry. Marks 
on horns and hoofs need not be stated. 
Neither prefixes uor affixes to names in use 
will lie allowed, except in case of the im¬ 
mediate offspring of a dam. The com¬ 
mittee of thirteen and the members generally 
who were present at the meeting were in 
favor of reducing the entry fees of non- 
merubers from #3 to 82 and abolishing the 
transfer fees altogether; but it was discovered 
that such an amendment to the present by¬ 
laws would clash with the old constitution 
which remains iu force uut.il next May, so it 
was decided to allow them to remain as they 
are until that time. All animals imported 
from Jersey into this country between July 
1880 and October t883 mav bo entered iu the 
Herd Register, provided the application is 
made within three years. This is done to 
cover the eases of a number of animals that 
are now iu the country, but which are tech¬ 
nically ineligible. It will be remembered 
that these proposed amendments to the con¬ 
stitution do not go into effect until they are 
acted upon and approved by the members; 
but the by-laws as ameuded take effect im¬ 
mediately. 
The committee of thirteen strongly recom¬ 
mend that the Board of Directors take steps 
to provide some suitable means for testiug the 
milk and butter yields, and keeping a record 
thereof for those 11101111101-5 who desire a test of 
their cows. 
The Committee of three to which was 
referred the claim of Col, Geo. E. Waring, Jr. 
against the Cluli for ousting him as Secretary, 
also reported at considerable length. The 
order of reference to the Committee only re¬ 
ferred to Ins alleged interest in the Herd Re¬ 
gister, something like a copy-right interest; 
but, the Committee recommended that he tie 
compensated for general usefulness in organ¬ 
izing the Club. This Mr. 8. J. Bharpless 
showed he was abundantly compensated for 
by the allowance of a large share of the entry 
fees under the first constitution. The rneni- 
bers generally did not seem to look with much 
favor upon this claim, and as the Committee 
failed to report any amount due or any specific 
compensation to be paid, the whole matter 
was referred back to them to find out what 
compensation the Colonel had received and to 
report, more specifically at the next annual 
meeting. A unique feature of the report waR 
a statement from Colouel Waring that in the 
days when Jerseys were not popular, while he 
was au employed writer upon the Country 
Gentleman aud American Agriculturist, in 
order to biing the breed into public notice, he 
forced his contributions upon these papers 
against their repeated protests. 
—--» - 
NOTES BY A STOCKMAN. 
When grown mules are selling at 8300 to 
8400 a pair and sucking mule colts briug 850 to 
$100, it might be worth while for those who 
could just as easily rear mules as not aud who 
could keep a few mares as well as many geld¬ 
ings, to bear these figures in mind. 
I have previously referred to the fact that 
European governments are always in need of 
horses for the use of the armies, and that they 
cannot get them at home. All the world 
comes to America and so European army 
horses are sought here The French govern¬ 
ment has had an agent scouring the country 
in search of supplies. It,is said 33,000 animals 
are required this year. The kind of horse 
that is needed is a stout, compact, active, 
wiry, stroug heart, just such as what are 
known as Morgans, but with a Messenger or 
Hambletonian cross in them. Both of those 
strains are alike iu one seuse, but differ in 
another, as Hambletonian was a grand- 
sou of Messenger; but then* are other Messen¬ 
ger strains, as the Duroc-Messenger; the 
Gifford Morgan and Hales's Morgan which 
came by Abdallah, a grandson of Messenger 
and sire of Hambletonian. This particular 
strain of roadster and saddle horses is plen¬ 
tiful in northern New England, and also in 
Canada, where Toronto Chief and his sire, 
Royal George, were popular horses, but this 
Canada strain again goes back to Messenger 
aud also to Hambletonian whose blood became 
mixed again with another side strain from t he 
same fouutain-head. 
And I notice that the agent, of the French 
government found what he wanted mostly in 
Canada and the adjoining parts of the United 
States. Now here is a point worthy of note 
by farmors and horse breeders. I have no 
objection whatever to the Norman, Clydes¬ 
dale, and other big breeds, in their place. 
There is a place for them and a big one. But 
the farmer wants precisely the same kind of 
horse that can draw au artillery wagon or an 
ambulance, or that can carry a rider over 
rough ground, and can turn around quickly 
and can march on a dusty road all day long. 
Aud he is killing two birds with one stone 
when he breeds a horse of this kind which can 
be sold ns easily as a fat calf, or a fat steer to 
a country butcher. And it wont cost any 
more to raise until sold than a fat steer and 
will bring about, three times as much money. 
It is stated (Rubal New-Yorker, page 
594,) that the wolf-in-thc-tnil lias “never been 
seen by a trustworthy practitioner.” But it, 
has been seen and may and can and will be 
seen by any person who will look for it. This 
wolf is a white “worm” very much like a piece 
of white string,and when your cow doctor cuts 
iuto the tail of the poor sick cow he finds this 
worm uud draws it out and shows it, to the 
owner who thereupon stamps his foot and 
says “book-lamin’ is a humbug.” This white 
“worm” is one of those abundant tendons 
which exist In the tail, to enable the cow to 
use her switch as a fly machine to the most 
effective purpose. And this is the “wolf” too. 
The importation of cattle and the quarantin¬ 
ing of them iu the midst of other cattle iu 
populous districts, does not seem to work well. 
It does seem that the American people submit 
to the greatest indignities. England forbids 
the importation of live cattle, but exports 
diseased cattle hither. If we should compel 
all suspected cattle to be slaughtered on then- 
arrival, it would make such a rumpus in Eng¬ 
land as to quickly change the views of the 
land owners and breeders of cattle. As it is 
now, they are permitted to laud their cattle 
here and to keep their good market while they 
close their ports against ours. And iu six 
months up to June last, 3,426 cattle died in 
England of foot-and-mouth disease, but not 
one iu America, 
It is to be feared that the poisoning of the 
imported cattle iu quarantine at Concord, 
Mass, recently, was deliberately done and was 
notan accident. It is quite impossible that 
an old potato fk>ld could have been the cause. 
That is a childish excuse. If this suspicion is 
correct, the poisoning vvas instigated by the 
presence of the quarantine grounds. No doubt 
any farmer would object to such a concern 
adjoining his fields, and as human nature 
often causes men to disregard the rights of 
others in defense of their own, it may perhaps 
occur again in other places. The whole quar¬ 
antine business is a farce from beginning to 
end. For if one herd imported through New 
York is quarantined at Syracuse, another in 
Pennsylvania and another in St. Louis, why 
should other cattle be detained in New Jersey 
or Massachusetts? 
CUvbo naillmaL 
(Experiment (Ovoumb of the Jluvul 
^Uiv-iiovUcr. 
THE RURAL’S SELECTION OF A FEW 
HARDY SHRUBS AND TREES 
FOR THE HOME GROUNDS. 
Many of our renders will plant ornameuta 
trees aud shrubs this Fall. Let us proffer a 
few words of advice from our own experience of 
the past 15 years. For every shrub or tree, dig 
au ample hole, not necessarily deep, but wide. 
Fill in with mellow, good soil when setting 
the tree, and finally cover with a little coarse 
manure. The roots should bo spread out if 
entangled, uud any that are wounded or 
broken should be cut off. Firm the earth 
well over the roots. Do uot shake the tree up 
mid down while planting it. If shrubs or 
trees are taken from the woods, preserve 
about the roots nil the soil that can be made to 
adhere and then cover them with liagging so as 
to protect them from the sun aud wind. Cut 
back the tops severely and plant at once, or 
else cover them with soil and keep moist. The 
object of transplanting in nursery grounds is 
to induce more root growth so that the plants 
will stand long journeys. Trees from the 
woods have long, prongy roots with few fibers, 
and it is for this reason that they must be 
severely cut back and always treated with 
great care. 
Among the multitude of trees and shrubs 
which we have tested, there are really com¬ 
paratively few which cau be highly praised 
for general cultivation. We would mention 
the following as among tho best for the aver¬ 
age country homo :—Viburnum plicatuin, 
which should be mentioned among the first, is 
spoken of at length in another place. The 
White Fringe (Chionauthus Virginiea), is a 
native shrub or small tree, notable for its 
large leaves and graceful, drooping panicles of 
slender-potaled flowers that seem almost to 
float in the air, so slight are the pedicels which 
hold them to the stems. The Japan Quinces 
should find a place iu every garden. The 
leaves are ever bright, and glossy, while the 
blossoms are almost uuequalod for brilliancy 
by those of any hardy, early-blooming shrub. 
The range of colors is from white through rose 
to dark red. In clumps or small clusters com* 
posed of several or all of tho different colors, 
we have during May a brilliant effect indeed. 
Foraythiu viridissima or Fortiinii (the Gol 
den Bell), is the finest of the golden blooming 
shrubs. It. bogius to bloom at the Rural 
Grounds about the midillo of April, before the 
green leaves apppear, aud by May 1, it is n 
mass of bright yellow. These plants are very 
effective trained to a single stem. Fortunes 
Golden Bell bears flowers rather larger in size 
uud a few days earlier than Viridissima. R.V - 
draugea paniculate graudittora, the Great 
Panicled Hydrangea, has proveu very hardy. 
Its panicles of sterile flowers are often a foot 
or more iu length, changiug from a greenish 
