eureka 
714 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
OCT 27 
Jut t\]z JDoutig. 
ABOUT ROSES. 
BY EMMA M. 
<~£\> take especial delight in Aort¬ 
ic (P)^ culture, and always turn 
—^Sy~ to the floral department of 
the Ritual with interest, and 
C < Vty j watch carefully for the de. 
c/jSjjft'QU il velopment of this taste for 
^W/^B | flowers in the Youth’s Col- 
v&gssDyW umns > Perhaps some of the 
c readers of the Rukal would 
,—/£) JyJj like to hear of my course re- 
gardingthe cultivation of the 
C»A “Queen of Flowers;” for to 
\\Jp) k this one plant the whole 
C ) vj & world unites in paying hotn- 
G, age. To have them grow 
and bloom in perfection is to me a constant 
enjoyment. 
And how do I obtain this pleasure ? First, 
by selecting the best roses from each class, 
and then placing each one in its proper posi¬ 
tion. The soil must be adapted to the variety 
and the pruning, mulching and watching for, 
and removing insects must be a daily task. 
Select your roses and upon their arrival, un¬ 
pack carefully and lay in a shallow basin of 
water for a few hours, with the last layer of 
paper or moss still about the roots. Always 
bear in mind that these plants have just come 
from a warm greenhouse, and that a sudden 
change will be injurious; therefore keep them 
in a moderately warm place for a few 
days, and use only tepid water. If the tops 
or branches are broken, trim olf neatlv. 
Soil. —Collect a quantity of sod, (I mean 
the upper layer of soil just beneath the grass), 
and putting it in the sun or stove, dry it out 
completely; then burn till completely charred, 
chop, and sift through a coarse sieve. Mix 
this with the same quantity of stiff common 
soil such as is found in the corners of the gar¬ 
den or some old field, and add to it one-fourth 
part old, well-rotted cow. horse, or hen ma¬ 
nure, after ha ving run it through the sieve. 
This soil is perfect for roses. 
Potting. —If your pots are new, soak them 
overnight in a pail of water; if old, scrub 
thoroughly outside and in, with strong soap¬ 
suds, and rinse; then put some bits of broken 
crockery in the bottom and fill in with soil to 
about one-third the depth of the pot. Next 
take off the cover from th« roots, and with a 
hair-pin or piece of wire loosen the fibers 
carefully, and gently spread them out; then 
hold the plant firm in the left hand and 
sprinkle the soil in and over the roots, tapping 
the side of the pot from time to time, in order 
to settle the soil among the roots. When the 
ball is completely covered, press the earth 
firmly upon it till the pot is filled within one- 
half inch of the top. Use small pots, not over 
four inches in diameter. 
Watering. —As soon as potted, water thor¬ 
oughly; after they have started, water when 
there is any appearance of dryness. 
Shadi.no.— For the first week keep the 
plants well shaded, then bring them out into 
the full sunlight and give as much air and light 
as possible. Sometimes after potting, the 
leaves will drop, which is a sign that the vi¬ 
tality is somewhat impaired. The remedy for 
this is perfect rest, which can be furnished by 
trimming back closely and watering but little 
until a new growth appears. The plant should 
be kept in the shade. Hold the plant, sidewise 
over a basin each day, and sprinkle it thor¬ 
oughly with tepid water, in which soot has 
bean boiled. This is invaluable for roses. 
Insects. —Should earth worms prove trou¬ 
blesome, apply weak lime-water. For 
Aphides use weak tobacco tea. A fumigation 
of tobacco applied wheuever the iuseets are 
troublesome will prove a perfect preventive 
Red Spider will never live where there is 
moisture; a daily sprinkling will prevent its 
appearance. Good cultivation, and during 
the blooming season, weekty watering with 
liquid manure and a daily watering with soot- 
tea, wall keep all insects a .vay and cause the 
plants to bloom the entire year. 
-*-M- 
BEES AND BEES.—NO. 2. 
[Continued.] 
History. —The Jewish fathers were family 
jar with the honey bee, as the frequent allu¬ 
sions to them in sacred history plainly show. 
The inspired writer’s description of Canaan, 
as being a land flowing with milk and honey, 
possessed a significance at that time, of which 
we can form no adequate idea. We know, 
also, that the old Grecian and Roman philoso 
phers, such as Aristotle, Virgil and others 
considered the subject worthy of years of 
patient study and investigation. 
In modern times Swamrnerdau, Huber and 
a host of others, have dona muth to unfold 
many of the mysteries of the bee-hive. We 
probably owe more to the indefatigable in¬ 
vestigations of Huber, than to any other 
apiarian of ancient or modern times. Fran¬ 
cis Huber was born at Geneva, in 1750 and 
died in 1831. 
Rev. Mr. Langstroth says of this truly re¬ 
markable man: 
“ Huber, in early manhood, lost the use of 
his eyes. His opponents imagine that in 
stating this fact, they have thrown merited 
discredit on all his observations. But to make 
their case still stronger, they delight to assert 
that his servant, Francis Burnens, by whose 
aid he conducted his experiments, w,os only 
an ignorant, peasaut. Now this, so-called, 
ignorant peasant, was a man of strong intel¬ 
lect, possessing the indefatigable energy and 
enthusiasm so indispensable to a good ob¬ 
server. He was a noble specimen of a self- 
made man, and afterwards rose to be chief 
magistrate in the village where he resided. 
Huber has paid the most admirable tribute 
to his intelligence, fidelity and indomitable 
patience, energy and skill.” 
" It would be difficult to find, in any lan¬ 
guage, a bettor specimen of the inductive 
system of reasoning, than Huber’s work upon 
bees, and it might be studied as a model of 
i the only true way of investigating nature, so 
as to arrive at valuable results.” 
“Huber was assisted in his researches, not 
only by Burnens, but by his own wife, to 
whom he was engaged before the loss of his 
, sight, and who nobly persisted in marrying 
him, notwithstanding his misfortune, and the 
dissuasions of her friends. They lived for 
more than the ordinary term of human life, 
in the enjoyment of uninterrupted domestic 
happiness, and the amiable naturalist, in her 
assiduous attentions, scarcely felt the loss of 
his sight. ” 
Entomologists have classified bees in the 
family Apidse (from Apis, a bee), in the or¬ 
der Hymenoptera (having four membrana¬ 
ceous wings). The principal part of the 
family is composed of the social Apidre*, their 
type being the Apis Mellijica, the honey¬ 
making,or in common parlance, the honey bee. 
It has derived this name, not from a special 
peculiarity in its organization, but because 
it has been noted from time immemorial as 
the species which gathers nature’s delicious 
sweets for man. H. a. earhart. 
■ ♦ » « - 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS. 
Dear Uncle Mark: —This is my second 
letter to the Youths’ Horticultural Club. I 
planted the seeds you so kiutlly sent. me. They 
all came up good,and are now looking nicely. 
Uncle gave me his package of Garden Treas¬ 
ures which the Rural sent him; they are also 
looking nice. Dwarf Sunflowers, Phloxes, 
Pinks, Morning Glories, Cocks-combs, Mignon¬ 
ettes, Asters, Globe Amaranths, Balsams, 
Coreopses and foliage plants are all doing 
finely. I think they are beauties. 
Uncle planted his Shoe-peg Corn, Gem 
Squash, Blush Potato and watermelon seeds. 
The squashes are growing and doing well. 
Potatoes ripened and gave a good yield. The 
watermelons were killed by worms in the 
root, when the vines were about a foot long. 
But the Shoe-peg Corn is the wonder of all. 
It is only in full blossom at this date (Sept, 
3). It grew so high that Uncle said he had to 
look twice to see to the top, once to see up to 
the ears, and again to see to the tassel; he 
thinks it too late for this locality, but he 
thinks the Gem Squash and Blush Potato 
a success. 
I am well suited with life ou the farm, and 
yet it requires a great deal of patience and 
perseverance to succeed. First we must wage 
a ceaseless warfare on the potato bug. Then 
there are two species of squash bugs to con¬ 
tend with, the Cabbage Butterfly to fight 
during the season, and the apple tree borers, 
which must lie hunted out at least three times 
during the Summer, in order to save our 
beautiful fruit trees. If some of our kid- 
gloved, city dudes, could spend a few weeks 
every Summer picking potato bugs and hunt¬ 
ing worms, they would have a more correct 
idea of what it costs to raise the vegetables 
they eat, than what they now have; they would 
not think that all a farmer had to do was to 
gather his crops aud cart them to market. 
We are having a good crop of fruit this 
year. I think it a beautiful sight to see the 
trees laden with golden apples and luscious 
pears, For Winter varieties of apples in this 
place, we think Tompkins Co. King, Wall- 
bridge, Winter Strawberry, Rhode Island 
Greening, Seek-No-Further, and a kind we 
call Red Graft, are the best. Our best varie¬ 
ties of pears we consider to be, Vicar of Wink- 
field, Seek el, Duohesse d’Angouleme and 
Clapp’s Favorite. 
I promised in my other letter to tell you 
more about our trout ponds. Uncle has been 
fixing them up this Summer, and now it is a 
beautiful sight to see the speckled beauties as 
they dart through the water, or leap into the 
air in pursuit of food. So now Uncle Mark, 
if you wish to take a vacation next Summer, 
just come this way and test the quality of our 
trout and vegetables. I am only 13 years old. 
but I promise you l will get up a meal that 
you can enjoy if you do not lose your appetite 
on the road, which city editors are not very 
apt to do. Respectfully yours, 
Susquehanna Co., Pa. Julia a. pelton. 
[Thauks for your very kind invitation. I 
shall remember it, and so you had best be 
prepared for a visit, from Uncle Mark next 
Summer; surely if he strays down to Penn¬ 
sylvania, he will try and get an opportunity 
to test your trout and vegetables. Uncle 
Mark.l 
DearUncle Mark and Rural Cousins — 
I think I have been silent long enough, and 
so I must write again to fulfil a promise of 
two letters a year. The flower seeds which 
were sent me are now blooming finely. I have 
a patch of the Blue Victor Potato, which I 
think I planted too near together as it did not 
yield very well. We have a Colley pup which 
is very intelligent and of a determined nature. 
1 think I can answer Ursa Major’s ques¬ 
tions in history. “What is the Ostend Mani¬ 
festo?” The United States has always desired 
to poasess Cuba, and has attempted to buy it 
several times, but without success. In 1854 
the American Ministers to England, France 
and Spain met at Ostend, Belgium aud pub¬ 
lished a manifesto settiug forth the advan¬ 
tages to both the U. S. aud Spain which the 
transfer of Cuba would afford ; but Euglaud 
and France joined Spain in opposing the plan, 
aud after a little temporary excitement the 
matter was dropped. 
What is the Monroe Doctrine?" The Ameri¬ 
can continents, by the free and independent 
position which they have assumed and main¬ 
tained, are not to be considered as subject to 
future colonization by auy foreign power.” 
Now I should like to ask him or any of 
the other Cousins a few questions. Who 
founded the Olympian games? From whom 
did the Roman nation descend? What were 
the Mecklenburg resolutions? Who exclaimed, 
“Don’t give up the ship”? Well, I guess that 
is enough for this time. 
Your nephew, 
Allen Co., Ind. Young Historian. 
Dear Uncle Mark: —It has been such a 
long time since I last wrote to you, I suppose 
you think that 1 have forgotten I ever had 
such an uncle; but I have not forgotten you. 
I received the flower seeds you sent and 
planted them; the flowers are blooming 
beautifully and the suuflowers are very nice. 
The Niagara Grape seeds you sent 1113 - pa aie 
growing nicely, aud 19 came up, and but one 
vine died. The rose bug was ver>' bad here, 
and injured the grapes aud apples a great 
deal. I send a remedy for them:—Take sul¬ 
phur and mix it with chips or something that 
will make a smoke, and have it so the smoke 
can go up through the vines, and tt^ will 
leave immediately. 
Pa has his apple trees planted facing the 
northeast, and has 111 apple trees and lfi pear 
trees, and has more to set out ; he does his 
own graftiug. We have a good man 3 ' differ¬ 
ent varieties. FRlawator, Baldwin and 
Strawberry are the best varieties. The Fal¬ 
la water and Baldwin are Winter varieties 
aud the Strawberry Apple is a Summer 
apple. 
My sister Lena andT set out 13 Whortleberry 
bushes; tbe 3 ' are all growing andlooking well; 
our strawberry vines are also looking well. 
Pa cut his Blush Potato into 1<> pieces aud 
planted in 10 hills; they are looking nicely and 
are in bloom (July 30). Uncle Mark, I will 
send you some flower seeds this Autumn. 
Your loving niece, 
Julia Stepp. 
[Thanks. I shall be very glad to receive 
them.— Uncle Mark.] 
Dear Uncle Mark: —Two letters a year 
did you say? Then it is time for me to write 
you one. I received the sew Is 3 r ou kiudl 3 ' sent 
me, and thank you very much for them. The 
crops here (Aug. 9) all look well, although it 
has been very wet this Summer; hay and 
small grain harvested; corn is iu the roasting 
ear: potatoes very nice; buckwheat in bloom, 
fruit scarce and not of good quality. Although 
this is called the warmest mouth of the year, 
it has so tar, been very cool here. 
I was Sony 1 did not take part in the last 
discussion, but think 1 will in this one Don’t 
you think I had letter? What has become 
of Uncle Elm that he doesn’t write any 
more? With good wishes for yourself and 
all the Cousins, I remain your niece, 
Oskaloosa, Iowa. yellow myrtle. 
[Uncle Mark has lost track of "Uncle Elm” 
of late, but perhaps if he sees this, he may 
honor the Youth’s Club with a few lines from 
his pen. Your letter should have been printed 
ere this, but owing to the discussion it was 
crowded out. Join iq the next discussion. 
Unol* Mark.] 
iRiSffeHaneattiei ^dvertii&’inn. 
PROFESSOR 
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Made from Professor Horsford’s Acid 
Phosphate. 
Recommended by lending physicians. 
Makes lighter biscuit, cakes, etc., and 
Is healthier than ordinary Raking Pow¬ 
der. 
Jn lint Ill's, (Sold nt n reasonable price. 
The llorsloril Almanac aud Cook Book 
sent lrore. 
Rumford Chemical Works, Providence, R. L 
II. M. ANTIION V. Ag't 100 and 1U2 ReaUe St. fN.V . 
Ashley Phosphate Company 
CHARLESTON, S. C. 
DISSOLVED BONE; ACID PHOSPHATE; 
PURE GROUND PHOSPHATE ROOK. 
All of Best Grade and very Cheap, Free on 
board in an 3 ’ quantities. 
For Terms, Hand Books, Agricultural Prim¬ 
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S*Aiinti at I 
L ounq ai Lasi cmsHi.....^ 
r s. C0HTE(ITSM.«1. Ill licip...... 10 111 .ro RCADY GASH 
AT ONC E, than any other method lu the world. 1 
nevorfaUs. World liTg Co. J£4 Nassau St.! Y 01 '® 
$1400.56 DAYS 
# MADE CLEAR BY A NEW AGENT 
Selling our Cnrlvulled 
STOVE PIPE SHELVES 
DROP LEAF A EXTENSION, 
(Just Patented. 1 
Al*« HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES 
Inill.prniahlr e> cvrry funity. A*cnti 
make luts of money owing to ready «alr nt ntir gooei, Send for 
Illuatrutrtl t'alutofiir, of term*. Mnta to ngent*. 
tell moil lulljirovin, nor henealr and (hr aucceti of Aiconta, 
new mil old. Roxlng, Freight Charge*, and etrlualve 
Territory fri-.s. Adilratt orarcil otticr. Mention thl« piper. 
J. E. Shepard ft Co.. Kansas City, Mo., Cincinnati, 0. 
J70 A WRKK.SU a day gl homeeatily made. Costly 
/ •" Outfit trcfi Addrrx I'Mirr ,v Oo AtitnisUi. Me 
G ET j§^ T F™ GRIST MILL 
/TYaf With Grinding yar.a, 
lyJJAjjSbv -'V—'' Ster.l t'ot, (Yuahar, jtud HlOVO 
,.for Meal. *■ They take LESS 
r I’O'I ISR, do More Work, 
and arc nmrndurabta than miy 
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t tbr-’f-. Cutalumit, AlrO maa'frs Ql the 
KX Union Hon* Power, with Level 
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~~ • Fred f'uWrre. Cirri,far Siut, etc. 
W. L. BOYER A HILO., Philadelphia, Pa, 
Free to Every Farmer 
The Union Corn Husker 
weight In gold to evert farmer or fhraer'i boy and we now 
propowt to *cn<t 0110 of thorn FICKK to nnr one who 
vvu 111 n It! Till:* Hinker coiiMMJ of an andlfll* bolt or band 
entirely encircling the hand, and provided with a spring on the 
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front in w metallic Mid* Of clasp, provided with n hook)ug*tooth, 
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plug If off Tbe-w Huskor* have received Twelve Diploma* at State 
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4n poi(« M* sfdwi/i# ice will »en<t Til* Kura I Home 
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i’.M.LrFTUN, Fublltbvr.%7 I'ark 1 ’Iacc, New Y ork. 
EUREKA 
For Kap, Sorghum or Apple Jell. Kend lor clrcu- 
ar and price list. H. W. Hesoock,Hubbard, O, 
