THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
£ttiocrilanrou.$' guUfrtisittg 
sharp wedge below the bud leaving a little 
bark, on fhe Bide that will be at the outer 
edge when it is inserted in the stock; care¬ 
fully tit. the ciou into the cleft, which must 
then be tied with bast or yarn and covered 
with grafting wax or some other preparation 
to exclude the air. At Fig. 57 is shown a 
A WESTERN POINT OF VIEW 
BOOKS FOR STUDYING BOTANY. 
t HOSE who intend to study 
botany the coming Spring can- 
:i& ~ not. begiu too soon now, and a 
few words about books will 
perhaps help those who expect 
Gentlemnn Thoroughly Competent to 
Speak, Wives lli* Opinion on Dinner* of 
I'uiversal Imparlance. 
During the past year over 3,000,000 acres 
have been entered in Southern Dakota and 100 
post offices established; the daily newspapers 
have increased from 43 to 63, and weeklies 
from 100 to 243; emigration is pouring in at a 
rapid rate; a nation is being born in a day; 
and a short time only can elapse before two or 
three large States will grow out of this land of 
the Dakotas. 
The Rev. Stewart Sheldon, of Yankton, Su¬ 
perintendent of Home Missions for Southern 
Dakota, a gentleman who has lived in the 
Territory for the past 10 veers, has traveled 
over it many times and is fully competent to 
give a trustworthy opinion, is very enthusias¬ 
tic over Dakota’s prospects. ‘‘ Look at the area 
of the State,” he exclaims, **100,000 square 
miles: Enough to make over three New Eng- 
lauds, to make2S Counecticuts; to hold all the 
inhabitants of the world with only 16 and a 
fraction to the acre; to put a belt around the 
globe six miles wide. lu a single year 1,500 
miles of railroad are built, and on a single 
farm 1,200,000 bushels of wheat were raised; 
i,ts possibilities are almost boundless.” 
“How about tbe planting of churches?” 
“It keeps pace with the naeds of tbe people. 
In ray own denomination about 50 organiza¬ 
tions have been effected during tbe past year, 
and other religious bodies have probably done 
equally well.” 
“May I ask what originally brought you to 
this new country with its necessary hard¬ 
ships?” 
“First, the pursuit of health; secondly, the 
great and growing field for religious influence. 
I am on the road most of the time. As you 
know, it is not an easy task, and were it not 
for a circumstance which I believe saved my 
life, 1 should even now be compelled to forego 
the pleasure I find in being instrumental in an 
bumble way of doing some little good.” 
“Would you be willing to publicly state 
your experience?” 
“Yes, sir! If you care to publish the mat¬ 
ter in your paper, for the good of the public, 
I will give you a written statement.” And 
suiting the action to the word, the Superinten¬ 
dent immediately wrote out the following: 
Rev. D. B. Coe, Hon. Secretary. 
Rev. I Secretaries. 
Rev. A. H. Clapp, Treasurer. 
American Home Missionary Society, 
Bible House, New York City. 
Rev, Stewart Sheldon 
Superintendent for Dakota. 
Yankton, Dakota, September 26, 1884. 
To ivhovi it may concern: 
This is to certify that I have used Warner’s 
Safe Cure and Safe Pills more or less for a 
year past and find them to be the most excel¬ 
lent remedies. They seem to do the work 
when other medicines fail. I have reason to 
believe that they have saved my life, and it 
gives me pleasure to commend them toothers. 
For liver complaint, general debility and con¬ 
stipation, they have been a specific in my own 
case, as they have been to others to whom I 
have recommended them. It gives me pleas- 
use to add my testimony to the many alreudy 
given, in the hope that others afflicted as I 
have been, may experience like benefit. 
Rev. Stewart Sheldon. 
Endorsement from such a source is but an¬ 
other proof of intrinsic merit, and we give 
this to our readers solely for the good they 
may derive from it, believing heartily in its 
worth, and unqualifiedly endorsing the rev¬ 
erend gentlemau, and the work in which he 
is engaged. 
to study without a teacher. It 
seems to me very important 
that the beginning should be 
made in a book written very 
simply, for it is very discouraging to begin 
with a book using words that have not been 
defined in its pages, Other books may be as 
good, but “How Plauts Grow,” by Gray, in¬ 
troduces one to the study so easily and pleas¬ 
antly that the next book in the series is very 
easily mastered. These books can be obtained 
through any bookseller, but those who are not 
near a bookseller can get them through the 
mail from the American News Co., Nos. 39 
and 41 Chambers St., New York City. “How 
Plants Grow,” post-paid, will be sent for 86 
cents; “Lessons in BotaajV’ the book used in 
schools, for $1.05; tbe “Manual of Botany,’ 
which is used in analyzing, for $1.72; Lessons 
and Manual together in one volume, $3.20. 
“How Plants Behave” is a very interesting 
little volume, price 00 cents. There are other 
works on the subject, but these will employ a 
beginner for several months. 
Oar country has such a rich store of blos¬ 
soming plants, it seems a pity that any coun¬ 
try noy or girl should leave their beautiful 
wonders unexplored. The commonest flower 
has some interest all its own, when closely ex¬ 
amined, and the power to see things, which 
we all have in some degree, is developed; and 
becomes more useful in every direction, for to 
see well and accurately is necessary before we 
can speak well and accurately. 
uncle mark. 
Fig. 57. 
good method for grafting as it gives the cion 
a firm hold and at the same time brings a good 
deal of surface in contact. A. is the cion, B. 
the stock, and C. shows the junction; it is 
wrapped and waxed as in the other method. 
The cutting must he done with a sharp knife 
that will leave smooth surfaces. All hardy 
trees and shrubs should as a rule be grafted 
just before or as the buds begin to swell to 
obtain the best results. 
Budding is a simpler process than grafting 
but must be done with care if it is to be success¬ 
ful. It is done only during the growing season, 
a bud is separated from a shoot of the current 
season’s growth, and is inserted under the bark 
of another tree. At Fig.- 58 the bud after it is 
TO THE MEMBERS OF THE RURAL’S 
HORTICULTURAL CLUB. 
Any of tbe members of the club who desire 
to procure subscriptions for the R, N.-Y. 
should send us lists for specimen copies of the 
Rural of the names of those who are inter¬ 
ested in rural affairs. These specimens will 
aid them in obtaining subscriptions and in 
securing one of the many presents offered for 
clubs. Posters and Premium Lists will be 
mailed to all who apply. 
•n't GIVE mo your Pj ( 
and would'ut give th 0 
■-* I ever saw. I tel] , 
Every day brings a list of names for The 
Youth’s Horticultural Club. The Cousins 
every where seem to be wide awake and our 
Club for 18.85 promises to be large and full of 
life. 
Fig. 58. 
cut off is shown at H. The dotted lines at F. 
marked f f and g g g show the distance the 
bark is cut off with the bud, above and below 
it. And the position the branch is held, in 
cutting the bud is also shown. The bark of 
the stock that is to receive the bud is carefully 
split lengthwise of the branch and across it 
so the two incisions form a T, the bark is 
raised at the corners formed by the two cuts 
and the bud is inserted between the edges; 
the upper end of the bark on the bud is cut 
square to fit the horizontal cut on the stock; 
bass string or yarn is then wound around 
tightly beginning at tbe bottom and covering 
every part of the incision but leaving the bud 
and its leaf stalk uncovered the string is fast¬ 
ened above tbu top of the T, and the work is 
done. Tbe work must be done quickly, the 
bud must fit the incision and the air must be 
completely excluded by tying closely; if either 
budding or grafting is tried perseveringly it 
can soon be mastered and will be found pleas¬ 
ant and profitable work. 
Let our first Discussion for 1885 be a good 
one; we want to learn all we can from these 
diseussious, aud if each of our Cousins writes 
what he or she knows on one subject we will 
have a Discussion that tbe grown folks will en¬ 
joy as much as we do. 
GRAFTING AND BUDDING. 
BY UNCLE MARK 
Grafting and budding is work that the 
Cousins can learn to do. and work they will find 
very interesting. Grafting is planting a part 
of one tree or shrub into another that is grow¬ 
ing. the growing part is called the stock and 
the part cut from another tree, is called the 
cion or graft. The work may be done from 
now until the trees are in leaf, but the cions 
must all be cut lie fore tbe leaves come out and 
kept in a cool, even temperatureunt.il wanted; 
or, they may be used before the leaves on the 
stock appear. There are several methods 
used in grafting; at Fig. 56 cleft grafting is 
THE HALLADAY 
As used for 
Shelling and 
Elev ttting 
Corn, Grind¬ 
ing Feed and 
Meal, Cut¬ 
ting Hay, 
Saw i n g 
Wood,Puuip- 
iu g Water, 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS, 
MHAOHliAUTKUS I R 
The “Standard” Galvanized Wire Nett in a*. 
The “iSnc e-o.” Hatcher. The simplest and best 
in the market. How to raise Poultry, Pigeon*. Birds, 
Dogs, &r .and make itpromanio. Designs of Poultry 
Houses, Dog Kennels he. Poultry and Dog llxtures 
of all kinds How to adorn the Garden and Lawn. 
Fencing of all kinds. Illustrated Catalogue, quarto 
size, 75 pp„ containing above information, and much 
more, sent on receipt of t. c , cents. Address, 
It It (t( IV N Elf A- KV \ NS. 
M’f’r’s and Importer*, 423 West Street, N. Y. Ctty. 
Dear Uncle Mark: My futher has just 
began taking the Rural and I am very 
much interested iu it. Aud I am also pleased 
with the Y. H. C. column and I would like 
very much to join. 
Father has promised me half of the orchard 
about three-fourths of an acre to cultivate 
myself and I thiuk I shull plant mostly 
squashes and melons and will you please in¬ 
form me which is the best to raise and the 
most profitable. Respectfully your nephew. 
Plymouth Co. Mass. Geo. E. Lewis. 
[Melons and squashes need plenty of sun 
and I’m afraid would be too much shaded in 
the orchard but if not, crook-neck squashes 
are easily raised, and several kinds of water¬ 
melon are very good you might, try Peerless 
for a white seeded melon, aud Mountain Sweet 
for black seeded.— UNCLE mark, 
Sami fur Cntnloguo illustrating the above machin¬ 
ery; also Pumping Whirl Mills, rumps, TankB, Noyes’ 
Haying Tools, llumo Power*, .lacks, Ac. 
Give ilrplh kiul location of Jour well; quantity of water 
wanteil. Slate also wliat loftohlm-rv you wish to operate, and 
we v III <|U0te vo» a «|irnl*l price tor th« entire ouldt, or any part 
thereof, Iteliahlo Astute wan tut lu all unaulgucl counties. 
H S. Wind Kncine & Pump Co., Batavia, Kauc Co., Ill 
*1.00 Kill! 50 CENTS. 
Any reader of tills paper who will send 50 one cent 
stamps to tbe amiciiioan RUBAI. Home, Rochester. N. 
Y., before March 1st. 1885, will receive that handsome 
paper, postage free, until January 1st, 1856. The Ru¬ 
ral is a large, eight-page, ^O-eolumu WEEKLY paper, 
now In Its r.th year, and the cheapest farm Journal 
in the world. The price is one dollar a year in ad¬ 
vance, but ihe above offer of 50 cents in postage 
stamps will tie accepted if sent In before March 1st, 
1835 Send for sample copy, and see what a bargain 
is offered. 
W K aVo”UT 
fa a by wftUimiakm'H. liy mail25c. Circulars 
S (J L D tree. J. b. bitten & Co.,S3 Dey Bt., N- v. 
shown. Tbe stock is cut across horizontally 
and is then split down one side, the cion which 
must have a good bud on it, is cut to a long 
A FLOWER GARDEN FOR 10 CENTS 
Seeds of 40 sorts in each 10 ct, pbt. ] 
Ferris, Box 215, Jersey City, N. J ,—Adv. 
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