m 
SUPPLEMENT T© THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
FEB 24 
of weeds and grass until they are large enough 
to care for themselves. When large enough, 
cut in Winter and they will grow again better 
than at first, and produce a crop much more 
quickiy. 2, The Yellow Globe is a good one, 
and so is the Mammoth Long Red—the Yel¬ 
low Globe for the main crop. 3. Cut the 
cuttings just above the eyes, leaving as much 
wood below as possible. Plan t in rich, pretty 
sandy and moist ground as early as convenient 
in Spring, pressing the soil close about the 
cuttings and having the eye just level with the 
surface, if tan bark is handy, mulch them an 
inch deep with that. Keep free from weeds. 
“clover bloat’’ or hoven. 
G. TP. E.- Ashland, Pa .—How can a cow be 
cured of clover bloat, and how can the ail¬ 
ment be prevented? 
Ans. —We suppose what is meant is boven, 
or the effect produced by eating too much 
clover, wben first turned into the fields. If so, 
the trouble is caused by the fermentation of 
the large bulk ot green clover with which the 
cows over-fill their stomachs. This generates 
an enormous amount of gas, the pressure from 
which becomes so great sometimes as to rup¬ 
ture the stomach and often cause death, and 
it can be prevented entirely by turning the 
cows into the fields for an hour the first day; 
for two hours the second: for three the third, 
and not in any case turning them in until the 
dew is entirely dried off. Or. if cows are first 
turned for a few' days on some other pasture 
before putting them into the clover field, there 
will be but little danger. When carelessly 
turned out and the trouble is unon them, they 
can besafelv and quickly relieved by inserting, 
in the absence of a better instrument, a kDife 
with a narrow blade five or six inches long, at 
a point cn the left side about midway between 
the bip and first rib, and about from three to 
five inches from the spine, where the fiist stom¬ 
ach or paunch, adheres to the walls of the ab¬ 
domen. This will allow tho escape of the 
generated gas, and it alone usually effects a 
complete cure. But prevent ion here, as else¬ 
where, is much better than cure. 
FERTILIZER FOR CORN. 
G S S., Middleburg, Pa. —1. Would plaster 
and barnyard manure injure a good crop of 
corn on a heavy limestoneaud flint, soil where, 
after wheat, grass seed failed to catch? It 
was limed a few years since, and that seemed 
to do no good. 2 I have 10 acres of the same 
kind oi laud in wheat, which does not look 
well; would nitrate of soda help it, aud how 
much per acre? 
Ans. —1. Apply to the most of this field 400 
pounds of some complete fertilizer per acre, 
after putting on all the barnyard manure you 
can spare; but on small plots try some experi¬ 
ments— to one apply wood ashes or potash iu 
some form; to another a plain superphos¬ 
phate; to another nitrate of soda, aud to 
others a mixture of each of the two; watch 
carefully, and the result will tell you more 
than all the men in the world can guess at. 
On some soils plaster does wonders: on others, 
nothing. 2 Experiment on. this field in the 
same way. Curate of soda will cause a won¬ 
derful growth of straw, but eauuot produce 
grain if potash and phosphoric acid are not 
present. To apply nitrate of soda, reduce it 
to a fine powder'and mix 100 pounds with 
twice its weight of dust or plaster, and sow on 
a dry day, after the wheat has started iu 
growth. 
GROWING SWEET POTATOES. 
E. A . S., East Orange, N. J. —1. Can sweet 
potatoes be raised in Virginia with commer¬ 
cial fertilizers only, on a light, sandy soil; and 
if so, what should be used? 2. Would stable 
manure drawn in January and February be 
rotted enough at planting time? 3. If rye is 
sown in the Fall and plowed under in Spring, 
will it improve land for sweet potatoes? 4. 
Can these be grown successfully on the same 
land year after year? 5. Should they be 
planted in rows or hills? 
Ans. —1. Unquestionably. In the absence 
•f any special knowledge of the soil, use any 
fertilizer that will give four per cent, of am¬ 
monia, 12 per cent, of phosphoric acid, four 
per cent, of actual potash, which is equivalent 
to eight per cent, of sulphate of potash. You 
may buy your own fish, blood, nitrate of soda 
and potash separately and n.ix them, or buy 
the complete fertilizer already prepared. 
Spread over and in the ridges at the rate of 
500 pounds to the acre, in all. 2. No, not to 
give immediate effect. 3. Yes. 4. Yes, if 
you furnish the food. 5. We plant them in 
ridges four feet apart—the plants 18 inches 
apart. 
NgW AND OLD-PROCESS OIL MEAL FOR FEED. 
J. C. S., Jackson, Mich .—Why does the 
Rural recommend new-process meal as bet¬ 
ter for cows than old-process? Feeders here 
think the old a superior article, both for milk 
and fattening? 
Ans.—T he old-process meal contains from 
11 to 15 per cent, of free oil and for this rea¬ 
son can only be fed very sparingly, or it be¬ 
comes diuretic aud injurious; and, besides 
this, the large amount of oil makes the butter 
made from cows eating much of it have a 
bad taste. The new-process meal has only 
from two to four per cent, of oil; but a much 
larger per cent, of muscle, blood, and, of 
course, milk-forming elements, and for that 
reason can be fed in much larger proportion, 
with safety. The only objection that can be 
urged against the new-process meal is its 
coarseness. If the manufacturers would put 
in machinery aud regriud this meal, making 
it as fine as the old-process sort it would be 
vastly more desirable food. 
FERTILIZER QUEr IKS. 
E. G , B., Dover, Del —On clay loam in a 
fair state of fertility, what brand of fertilizer 
and how much per acre shall I use to produce 
50 bushe's of corn? 2. In addiiion to the above, 
how much nitrate of soda should be used to 
raise the product to 60 bushels? S. Is it not 
economy to buy a high-grade fertilizer in 
preference to a cheaper article? 
Ans. —L There are so maoy good brands, 
it would be very improper for us to say wbieb 
one should be used, nor have we omniscience 
enough to prescribe on such meager data. W e 
should use one having a good percentage of 
potash, phosphoric acid and nitrogen, and 
should try different amounts on different 
parts of the field. Knowledge thus obtained 
is w orbh a hundred times as much as any¬ 
body’s “say-so." 2. We have given oil the 
information we have about the use of nitrate 
of soda. We shall experiment further, and 
we advise you to do the same thing. Apply 
to a small plot at the rate of 100 pounds; to 
another, 200 pofiuds per acre, half when the 
com is six inches high, and the rest when it is 
nearly ready to tassel, and watch the results. 
Wd want all to become observing and self- 
reliant. 3. It is the greatest economy, as the 
best costs the same for freight, hauling and 
handling as the inferior sort, and of course, 
produces much better results in proportion to 
its ultimate cost. 
“MIXED” ORCHARDING, ETC. 
E. B. Z., Marshallmlle, Ohio. —1. Would 
you approve of planting apple, peach, plum, 
pear and cherry trees and berries on the same 
ground? 2. If so, what distance apart for 
each kind? 3. The land is good loam on a 
gravely clay subsoil. It had 25 loads of well 
rotted sawdust, and 15 loads of stable manure 
per acre plowed in, in the Fall, what other fer¬ 
tilizer does it need iu the Spring? 
Ans. —1. Such planting is often done; but 
unless the land is high priced, we like separate 
planting better. 2 Place the apples 40 feet 
apart each wav; put a peach or plum tree be¬ 
tween them each way. In the center of the 
apple tree square plant a pear or cherry tree; 
this will leave the rows 20 feet apart, aud two 
rows of berries may be planted between, 
putting them seven feet from the tree row. 
Three berry plauts may be placed in the tree 
row without having the nearest one within 
seven feet of the tree. With, such planting 
you must manure every year and manure 
high. 3. It needs nothing more in the 
Spring. 
JOHNSON GRASS QUERIES. 
A. S., Westover, Md.—l. Where did John¬ 
son Grass originate? 2. What is the best time 
to sow it in this latitude and how much per 
acre? 3. Wliat preparation does the soil ueedf 
4 How should one proceed to get a good crop? 
5. Does it need to be seeded every year ? 6. Of 
whom can genuiueseed be obtained? 
Ans —1. The best information we find is 
that the seed came from Turkey about 1835. 
It was then called Guinea Grass, a name that 
should be applied only to Panicum jumento- 
rum. 2. Bow in May for your climate—one 
bushel. 3. The same preparation as lor corn. 
Any well drained soil. 4. We should think it 
would be a good plau, after plowing and har¬ 
rowing, to sow a bushel to the acre broadcast. 
Then harrow aud roll. The seed may be 
sown in the Fall like wheat. 5. No, it is per- 
reuuial—may be cut for hay and still mature 
an abundance of seed. 6. You will find 
it among the grass or miscellaneous seeds of 
many of the seedsmen’s catalogues. Send for 
them. 
WORMS IN A COLT, ETC. 
M. A. K., Dennis, Kansas .—A mare, heavy 
with foal, has a swelling on each side, extend¬ 
ing from the flank to the girth, and about six 
inches wide. She eats heartily and in other 
respects appears all right. What ails her? 
2. What is a remedy for worms, about 1*4 
inch long, in a colt? 
Anb. —1, Do nothing at present about the 
swellings on the flauk; but watch them closely 
aDd report if anything more occurs. 2, For the 
worms, give doses of one pint of raw linseed 
oil, and one ounce of turpentine for a horse, 
and half as much for a colt, every third day; 
repeat three times, then wait a week and re¬ 
peat again. After that, mix, powdered, two 
ounces of sulphate of irou, four ounces of cal- 
isaya bark, and half an ounce of asafoetida as 
evenly as possible with one pound of linseed 
meal, and give one heaping tablespoonful 
once a day in some cut feed or bran masb. 
DISSOLVING BONES, ETC. 
N. W. E., Salisbury, Conn .—1 What is the 
most practical way of dissolving bones wdtb 
sulphuric, acid for home use? 2, Would 
cement such as is used in plastering a cisteru, 
be dissolved by the acid? 
Ans.— 1. If the bones are broken moder¬ 
ately fine, they can be piled in a heap, and 
as piled, saturated with a solution of two 
parts of water to oue of sulphuric acid, and 
every week or teu days shoveled over and 
re wet with a siruiliar soluticm, keeping them 
as wet as possihle without draining. In this 
way they will gradually melt duvmiuto a fine 
manure; but great care must be taken in 
handling the acid, as iti* extremely corrosive. 
2. It would destroy the cement. A good way 
to treat animal carcasses is to pile them with 
fresh manure, slightly coveriug the pile with 
loam. 
JERSEY HERD BOOKS. 
C. B , New Lisbon, N. F.— What is the 
difference in the two Jersery Herd books, the 
A. J. H. B. and the A. J. C. C., and why does 
not registry in the one count as much as in 
the other? 
Ans.—T he original was the A J. H. B , aDd 
the managers are charged with being some¬ 
what negligent as to the requirements for 
registry, and tbatsome stock not pure bred has 
got on its pages, and so the breeders of those 
known to be pure, started the A. J. C. C. and 
as the managers of this are extremely cau¬ 
tious and particular as to all the requirements 
being met before an animal is registered, of 
course this gives much the greater value to 
those that are registered. 
RAISING WATER. 
*4. W. M., No Address .—Will you inform 
me is there any mechanical device by which 
all the water from a spring can be forced up 
into a distributing reservoir by the employ¬ 
ment of a stream that runs in near proximity 
to the spring, and has a fall of \}4 foot to the 
rod? A hydraulic ram operates satisfacto¬ 
rily, but a large percentage of water is lost, 
which I desire to save? 
Ans. —The only way to utilize the neighbor¬ 
ing stream to raise the spring water, is by the 
use of a dam and pump. If these are pro¬ 
perly constructed, they should not require 
attention more than once a day, and that cer¬ 
tainly is not too much in return for all the 
water required. 
FEED FOR HEIFER “COMING IN.” 
M. H., Salon, Mass.— How should a young 
heifer comiug iu, in the Bpring, be fed? 
Ans. —Fetd a reasonable amount of good 
hay, and some straw. Give a daily feed of 
some succulent fond, such as roots or silage- 
say, fifteen pounds—and such a quantity of 
a mixture of corn meal aud shorts or bran, 
equal parts, or corn meal and crushed oats, 
equal parts, as will keep her iu good condi¬ 
tion, feeding it twice a day. It is about as 
easy for us to give a definite quantity as to 
tell the size of a piece of chalk, without seeing it. 
A GOOD POTATO DIGGER. 
D. A. F., Edgetjvn, Ohio, —Which is the 
best potato digger for a farmer who raises 
from four to six acres yearly—soil a gravelly 
sand, with some clay ? 
ANS. —There are several diggers of the shovel- 
plow form, that are very low-priced, and do 
very fair work, only one is compelled to pick 
up the tubers as fast as they are dug. The 
Herrington Digger is on a new priuciple. It 
digs well and oau be used to dig a whole field 
without picking up a single row; but it is 
pretty high priced. One might own it and 
dig for his neighbors besides digging his own 
-*♦«-— 
Miscellaneous. 
S. S., Coxsackie, N. Y .—I see so many 
different grain rations recommended as the 
best for butter production, that I am at 
a loss which to select. Since April 1,1 have 
fed daily to seven grade Jerseys eight quarts 
a day of u ini xture composed of 200 pounds of 
coarse wheat brau, 75 pounds of fine corn 
meal, and 50 pounds of wheat, and from April 
1, 1884 to January 1, 1885, the cows yielded 
2,026 pounds of butter—au average of 280^; 
pouuds each; is the ration a good one? 2. 
What kind and quantity of feed should be 
given when cows are at pasture and when, 
during the Wiuter.they are fed liberally equal 
parts of clover hay, corn-stalks and bright 
oat straw, and in the Fall when they are in 
the stable and fed fodder corn? 3. Will it pay 
to cut feed to mix with the graiu? 4. What 
is the best work ou stock feeding? 
Ans.— 1. Your mixture is very good, as the 
results show. For butter making it might 
pay to add another hundred pounds of corn 
meal. Try it. 2. Feed sufficient to maintain 
the cows iu as good condition as when you 
commenced; we prefer to have them make a 
little gain. 3. That depends upon how much 
time aud help you have unemployed. It 
would not pay for feed; it might pay for the 
greater ease in handling the manure. 4. 
Feeding Animals, by Prof. E. W. Stewart, to 
be bad of him, Lake View, Erie Co.. N. Y.; 
price $2, is the most complete published in the 
country. 
F. C. B., Easton, Minn. —1. I wish to in¬ 
close 30 acres of rich new breaking, and seed 
to Red Clover for hog and calf pasture, can I 
sow it to clover and oats or spring rye, and 
use it by the end of May? 2. What will re¬ 
move a wind-gall from a horse’s gambrel 
joint? 
Ans. —1. The rye or oats would make good 
pasture until too large, but Red Clover can 
not be expected to furnish much feed the first 
half of Summer and should not be too closely 
pastured after that. 2. Treatment is seldom 
resorted to for the removal of wind-galls, ex¬ 
cept in eases of valuable animals; as they ap- 
apparently cause no inconvenience. If, as 
rarely occurs, the legs are hot and inflamed, 
apply pressure by means of bandages, and 
cold lotions. Blistering and rest will remove 
the blemishes entirely; but when the animal 
returns to work, they are pretty sure to re¬ 
turn. The only radical cure is subcutaneous 
puncture and scarification, and this may re¬ 
sult, in effects worse tbau the wind-galls. 
‘"Pioneer," Touchwood Bills, N. IF. Ter. Can. 
—1. Will blue-stone (sulphate of copper) used 
to kill spores of smut, prevent birds from eat¬ 
ing seed grain, as well as copperas (sulphate 
of iron)? 2. Would irrigation where water 
had to be raised 15 feet, be expensive. 3. 
How is water distributed where the land is 
not a dead level? 4 Is the imperial gallon 
the one used in the U. B.? 
Ans.— l. Yes, the sulphate of copper is not 
only unpalatable but poisonous; 2. If much 
land had to be irrigated, the expense would 
necessarily he considerable, as wind-mills or 
more expensive machinery would have to be 
used. In your country we should think the 
outlay for irrigation inexpedient. 3. It is 
carried ia mains dug nearly on a level, and 
drawn from those iuto laterals, and these are 
opened along their sides to distribute as want¬ 
ed. Where the land is ou different levels, 
the water is sometimes caught, after irri¬ 
gating the higher ground, in ditches and con¬ 
veyed in these to the lower lands which are 
to be irrigated. We could not show very 
clearly, without diagrams?. 4. The gallon in 
use here is the Winchester, containing 231 
cubic inches, while the imperial contains 277.6 
cubic inches. 
H. F. T., Peoria, Kansas, —1. What kind 
of wheel hoe is best? Don’t refer me to your 
advertisements, as in them all claim to be the 
beet. 2 When pop-corn is sold by weight, is 
it shelled or r.ot? 3. What kind is best for 
market and how is it growD? 4. With corn 
at 23 cents par bushel and 10 cents for grind¬ 
ing, and bran at 50 cents per hundred, can I 
afford to buy oil meal? 5. Wfiat is the best 
strawberry for a near-by market, and what 
about the old Don clad? 
Ans.— 1. We never have used all kinds, and 
what, pleases one does not please another; get 
the catalogues and judge for yourself. 2. On 
the cob. 3. The Rice Corn is the best. It is 
growu the same way as any other corn, aud 
should have about as much room. 4 At those 
prices, you cannot afford to buy oil meal; 
but 10 cents for grinding is entirely too much 
to pay. Here, where corn is worth 2*4 times 
that price, we only pay 3 *4 to four cents for 
grinding. We think it would pay to purchase 
a farm mill. 5. The Wilson is the old “stand¬ 
by” everywhere; besides this,try the Cres¬ 
cent. 
U. K. //., Penfidd , N. Y.— Most of my land 
is a limestone soil naturally dry, but good for 
potatoes ami wheat. I have tried several 
kinds of commercial fertilizers without pro¬ 
ducing any apparent effect. On a black 
mucky soil near by superphosphate will more 
than double the yield of corn, barley, or 
wheat; but it has no such effect on the lime¬ 
stone land. What commercial fertilizer con¬ 
taining potash, ammonia and phosphoric acid 
or ground bone would have good effect on the 
limestone soil? T always derive groat benefit 
from an application of from 800 to 400 pounds 
of salt to the acre on Spring grain. 
Ans, —On your limestone, try, iu a small 
way, at the rate of 800 pouuds (four bags) to 
the acre of commercial fertilizers guaranteed 
to analyze as follows: Ammonia, five per 
cent; phosphoric acid, eight per cent; potash, 
eight per cent. This will cost at the rate of 
*45 to *50 per ton. Your mistake has beeu 
iu using too little potash und urnmomu. The 
salt in your case acts as a solvent—the same 
as lime acts in some soils. 
W. C. G., Delavan, Wis.—t. What crops 
would be advisable for au old barnyard which 
is very rich ? 2. What crops, besides oats aud 
peas, can be advantageously sown together? 
3. Being short of meadow, can I sow Huuga- 
' rian Grass after barley aud oats are removed, 
