PRICE FTVE CENTS, 
$2.00 PEE YEAR. 
NEW YORK, MARCH 28, 1885 
Vol. XLIV. No. 1835 
[Entered according to Act of Congress, In the year 1325. by the Rural New-Yorker In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
and S is the cow stable, 34x70 feet, which nice¬ 
ly accommodates 26 cows. 
We have in these barns 32 cows, one of the 
sheep pens being temporarily occupied, 240 
ewes with their young lambs, 300 last Spring 
of G to N, 114 feet, and from N to the house, 
60 feet, and also from N across the road 
to the horse barn, 105 feet, show the line of 
water pipes, laid below frost, and supplying 
the premises with an abundance of water. 
There is also a hydrant at N for watering the 
flower garden, in which it is situated. There 
is also a pipe leading from T along the high¬ 
way to another small barn some two or three 
hundred feet distant, where we propose to 
erect a new barn, 50x90 feet, the coming Sum¬ 
mer, as we find our present barn room entire- 
storage of hay, straw and forage; the L’s are 
chutes through which forage is thrown to the 
alleys below; G is the tank house shown at 
the end of the barn in Fig. 115. It contains a 
tank eight feet in diameter and eight 
feet high, holding somewhat over 80 
barrels. The 26x76 feet lean-to. shown 
back of the main barns, is separated from 
them by a close partition with sliding doors 
the width of the floor. The outside walls are 
sheeted with half-inch lumber with tarred 
felt between it and the outside boarding, which 
3Ud)itfriurf 
THE BUILDINGS AND THEIR AR¬ 
RANGEMENT OF THE RURAL’S 
WESTERN NEW YORK FARM. 
# E have often been 
asked to give the 
plans and arrange¬ 
ment of the build¬ 
ings on our Western 
New York farm, and 
|& to tell what we are 
C\tbere doing, and 
^something of the 
methods used, and 
in compliance with 
such requests, we 
have had illustra¬ 
tions prepared show¬ 
ing the location of 
the buildings, their 
general appearance, and the internal arrange¬ 
ments of the barns, and we will briefly de¬ 
scribe them, and state what we are doing in 
each. 
Fig, 111 gives the general appearance of 
the place looking from the south-east, except 
that the row of evergreens which borders the 
highway is left out, from in trout of the 
house to the barns, in order to better show 
the house. The house and main barns are on 
the north side of an east and west road, with 
the scale house and horse baru on the opposite 
side. When we purchased the place some 11 
years ago, the front part of tbo main barn, 
40x76 ieet, was standing, as was also the small 
building seen to the extreme right of the 
baru, and which is marked K in the plan of 
the grounds, Fig. 116. Directly west of and 
adjoining this, and back of the old barn, stood 
wuat is now the horse barn. This and the 
small building just mentioned wore in a very 
dilapidated condition, and when we concluded 
to have more barn room, wo moved the frame 
of the 30x40 foot barn to where it now stands, 
and converted it into a horse barn and wagon 
house. The old baru stood an a good wall, 
and wo built back of and connected with it a 
barn 42x76 feet, just cornering to the small 
building before mentioned, which we raised 
up, putting a basement under it. We sub¬ 
sequently built, on the back side of the new 
barn, a lean-to, 76 feet long and 26 feet wide, 
it nemg the same width as the before-mention¬ 
ed small building, which was 26x86 feet, and 
with which it is connected. The scale house, 
seen uear the horse baru, is 18x36 feet, and, 
besides containing a hay scale, has a large bin 
used Tor the storage of bran or oil meal. 
At Fig. 115 we show the barn looking from 
the northwest Here are shown the ol i barn at 
the extreme rlghtand next to the roud; the new 
birn adjoining it, at the end of which a small 
house, elevated from the ground, contains the 
water tauk.aud nere also is shown the arrange¬ 
ment ol an 80-foot well, wind mill and pump, 
wnich furnishes an abundauceof water for all 
purposes bolh in Summer and Winter. This 
view also shows the leau-to and the small 
buildmg exteudiug east. It shows also a 
gable projection on tbe leau-to carried out to 
obtain a night .sufficient for an exit way from 
the main floor. 
Fig, 116. page 200, is a miniature map of the 
grounds, showing location of buildings: A is 
the house; M. the milk room; C the horse baru 
aud carriage house; D the scale house; E a 
corn house. 14x50 feet; F a hen house, 14x19 
feet; these last two are not shown in Fig. 115, 
because they would obstruct the view of the 
born. B is the maiu barn, showing the floor 
plan. U Is the granary, 14x80 feet, finished 
into bins. The floor is 16 feet wide. The bal¬ 
ance of the two large barns is all used for the 
lambs, and the rams which we are wintering 
for next season’s use. The sheep and Iambs 
are confined permanently in the pens, receiv¬ 
ing all their food and water there, and they 
were ail shorn previous to tbe 15th of Janu- 
ary. The cows are fasteued by a chain which 
passes around the neck and has a ring in the 
other end, which slips freely up and down on 
a stationary round stanchion. They are kept 
tiere continuously, only being let out one 
row at a time twice a day, long enough to 
driuk and have their stables cleaned. They 
are young farrow cows, and are being fed 
very high for the purpose of making beef of 
them in the Spring, after milking them during 
the Winter. 
These ways of keeping cattle and sheep are 
nn new, untried theories with us, as we have 
been following the same plan for a number 
of years, gradually enlarging our barns, and 
extending the business, finding a good margin 
of money profit. We are now marketing 
young lambs at a net price of from $7 to $9 
each, which is a very satisfactory figure; but 
the best of the whole thing is, that the large 
quantity of very rich manure which we make 
compels the farm to produce crops that mak- 
eth the heart glad to see. What we are doing 
others can do! There is room for thousands. 
All our rich feeding stuffs should be consumed 
at home, and the manure used on our worn- 
out fields. 
BUILDINGS OF J. S. WOODWARD. Fig 114 
ly too small for our growing needs. Fig. 117 
shows the plan of the basement, which is al¬ 
most entirely above ground.except where there 
is, on a part, of the south side, a drive-way 
for the entrance of loaded wagons, and a 
very steep drive-way on the north side for 
their exit when.empty. In this cut the J s 
are sheep pens about 16x18 feet, the alleys 
and fences, with the gates, being represented 
by the lines. The division between the pens 
consists of a feeding' rack for both hay and 
makes it so warm that when filled with sheep 
no frost isever seen inside. The J's are sheep 
pens, the alleys, feuces aud feeding racks beiug 
shown. The shaded diagrams are the water 
troughs,so placed that four troughs suffice for 
the eight pens, aud are filled from hydrants 
coming from tbe basement, which is to be yet 
described. In Summer the racks and fences 
aro all removed and piled, so that by merely 
shoving the doors, the floor is opened clear 
through the barns, so that teams and empty 
Experiment ©rouutlsi of tUe 
$ew-3Juriue, 
THE RURAL WYANDOTTES. 
We have tried the Black Spanish, Leghorns, 
Black Hamburghs, Goldeu-spaugled Ham- 
burghs, Crested Polish, Black Cochins, Black 
Sumatras, Brahmas, Plymouth Rocks, Dom¬ 
iniques, Games, etc., and we are now prepared 
to say that for winter layers, if not for an 
ail-purpose fowl, the Wyandottea are the 
best of all. The average weight of the eggs 
is now eight to the pound, which is a trifle 
under size. The color of the shells varies 
from buff to nearly white. Our record of 
nine pullets is as follows: 
December, 126. / 
January, 145. 
February, 138.—A total of 409 eggs or a 
fraction over four a day. 
DWARF PEARS. 
We have had upwards of 20 years’ experi¬ 
ence with dwarf pears, and our deliberate 
conclusion is that, except the Duchess, w 
prefer pears on pear stock. We do not re 
BARN OF J. 8. WOODWARD. Fig. 115 
grain; the water troughs are shown by the 
shaded diagrams, one being outside on the 
east end in the yard; the pipes leading 
water into these troughs are fastened to the 
ceiling, and are shown by the dotted lines; 
a faucet is placed over each trough. Tbe 
pipe along the wall next the lvan-to is tapped, 
aud pipes are carried up to supply the 
troughs in tbe upper room before shown. 
R is the root cellar, 25x36 feet in the clear, 
wagons are driven out through the backdoor. 
K is the 26x36-foot building extending east 
from the lean-to, and it is for storing hay or 
other forage, and has u passage-way into the 
main barn, as shown. The main barns and 
leau-to have a floor space of 76x108 feet, or 
8,208 square feet; but this U eutirely too lim¬ 
ited for the storage of what we raise on the 
farm,since we make and use so much manure. 
The straight lines running from the corner 
