<888 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
5 
Tennessse, October 16, and forces constituted 
the Thirteenth Army Corps, 
After unsuccessful movements againstVicks- 
burg from the north, moved down west bank 
of the river and crossing below the city, Ap¬ 
ril 30, 1863, beat the rebels at Raymond, Jack- 
son, Champion’s Hill and Big Black, shutting 
Pemberton in Vicksburg, May 18. City sur¬ 
rendered with 27,000 men, July 4, when Grant 
was commissioned Major General in the reglu- 
lar army. 
October, 1868, commander of the Division of 
the Mississippi. At defense of Chattanooga, 
fought battles of Missionary Ridge, Novem¬ 
ber 24, and Lookout Mountain, November 26; 
voted a gold medal by Congress, and com¬ 
missioned Lieutenant General, March 1,1864, 
assuming command of the Armies of the Unit¬ 
ed States, March 17, with headquarters with 
the Army of the Potomac. 
May 3,1864, crossed the Rapidan,and fought 
Lee at the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, the 
North Anna, and Cold Harbor, crossing the 
James June 15, having lost 54,500 men to 
Lee’s 32,000. Besieged Petersburg, the siege 
ending in April, 1S55, after the victory of Five 
Forks, when Richmond was evacuated aud 
Lee retreated west, surrendering to Grant at 
Appomattox Coart House, April 0. Com¬ 
missioned General, April 25, 1866. Acted as 
Secretary of War ad interim, August 12, 
1867 to January 14, 1868. 
Nominated unaminously for President by 
the Republican National Convention at Chica¬ 
go, May 21, ISOS, with Schuyler Colfax, and 
elected over Horatio Seymour and Francis 
and has greatly developed some branches of 
the work. The apple orchard, which a year 
ago was grafted to the newer varieties, has 
made a good growth, and promises soon to 
show how well these newer fruits may be 
adapted to the soil and climate of this great 
fruit-growing section. Many of the seedling 
raspberries, raised from seeds selected from 
those berries having the most, and the fewest, 
seeds, are bearing a few berries, and some of 
them are quite promising. We noticed a new 
red one. which in flavor was very superior. 
We could distinguish no difference in the 
number of seeds, in the fruit produced by 
plauts raised from the few or many-seeded 
fruits, but there did appear to be a decided 
difference in the quality, flavor, and juiciness 
in favor of those grown from the fruit with the 
fewest seeds. 
The imposition and swindle upon the public, 
which the Rural has so often exposed, of 
putting out old and often worthless varieties 
of fruits, seeds and vegetables under new 
names, with high praise and at exorbitant 
prices, has become so wide spread, that the 
station has devoted much attention to the 
comparison of varieties by planting, side by 
side, seeds of the same, and differently, named 
varieties, obtained from different seedsmen, 
with the view of showing to what extent this 
abuse has been carried. The name of the 
variety and the name of the source from 
which it was obtained are plainly written 
upon a stake by the end of each plot. Among 
others, we noticed in the oats, plots marked 
Welcome, White Belgian. Clydesdale and 
White Australian, growing side by side, and 
show the result of using different quantities 
of seeds, which go to show conclusively that 
by far too much seed is ordinarily sown; par¬ 
ticularly is this the case with those grains 
which tiller largely, like the Champion Oats, 
the Diehl-Mediterranean Wheat, and the 
Wausbakum Corn. 
Some experiments are just now being en¬ 
tered npon, which, we think, will prove of 
great value. We allude to the feeding of milk 
to calves in connection with the use of other 
foods for the growing of meat: and the use of 
such rich foods as cotton seed meal, oil meal, 
bran, corn meal, etc., for feeding cows, for 
the production of milk and butter wben run¬ 
ning at pasture. 
We think it is a great mistake that the re¬ 
port of the station, which contains much mat¬ 
ter that the farmers should consider and which 
was made to the Legislature the first of last 
January, is as yet not issued, thus virtually 
delaying putting it into the bands of (hose who 
should be most interested and benefited by its 
perusal, until it has become so old that it has 
lost much of its value. w 
GRANT’S PUBLIC CAREER. 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS. 
THE SCOTCH COLLIE LUTHER. 
One of the most noted examples of the 
wonderful change that years of constant as¬ 
sociation and training with a specific end in 
view, will work in the nature of an animal, 
is the modern sheep-dog. 
Selected at the first because 
of his strength Bnd fierceness 
as a defender of his master’s 
ppP' sheep, he has been so changed 
that while he has all his native 
resolution, his fierceness has 
oeen bred out. and in its place 
has come wonderful develop¬ 
ment of intelligence. Among 
the hills and vales of the 
rougher parts of Scotland, it 
would be almost impossible to 
keep sheep without the devo¬ 
tion, intelligence and assist- 
ance of the sheep dog, and 
among animals of this kind, 
the Scotch collie is the best. 
It is trom 12 to 18 inches 
tall, active and tireless. It 
seems to know nothing but 
the sheep, and to think of no¬ 
thing but their welfare, and 
in their defence it will attack 
any animal, even one of its 
; _ - own kind, and for driving, 
herding or yarding a flock, 
one dog is worth a dozen 
j ^- -- boys. There are other breeds 
of shepherd dogs of larger 
=sizes, but none with more in¬ 
telligence or devotion to his 
master or his flock. In Aus¬ 
tralia be has been found most 
useful in dividing the female 
goats from the kids, and also 
in driving the ostriches, as 
tte latter, which are dangerous for a man to 
approach except on horseback or armed with 
a formidable weapon, are quite cowed by the 
dogs, aud submit to be driven readily. 
Each year as the practice of removing road, 
side fences becomes more common and the 
crops are more exposed, the necessity for the 
nse of a good dog becomes greater. If the 
thousands of barking ours were banished, 
rendering possible the keeping of hundreds of 
flocks of sheep on the rough lauds of the older 
parts of the country, we should need still more 
of these bright dogs. At Fig 356 we show a 
likeness of the model Scotch collie Luther, 
which has won many first prizes and cups as 
the best sheep dog in Scotland. 
COLLIE DOG, “ LUTHER.” 
P. Blair by 214 votes to 80. Assumed all were 
Presidency, March 4, 1869. Renominated White 1 
unaminously at Philadelphia, June 5, 1872, plots ma 
with Henry Wilson, and elected over Horace White T; 
Greely and B. Gratz Brown by 286 votes to our old 
80. Retired from the Presidency March 4, plots wi 
1877, being defeated for a third term at the from see< 
Chicago Convention, June, 1880. Nominated fromtwc 
Commissioner to negotiate treaty with Mexi- the plots 
co, Angust 5, 1882. Restored to rank of true Mol 
General March 8, 1886. confusio 
By his marriage with Julia T. Dent, in 1848, and we i 
General Grant had four children—Frederick careful 
Dent Grant, who served for some time in the annual j 
army, and married Ida Honore, of Chicago, fearless! 
sister of the beautiful Mrs. Potter Palmer; who len' 
Ulysses S. Jr., married to Fanuy B. Chaffee, of such 
daughter of ex-Senator Jerome B. Chaffee, upon th 
of Colorado; Jesse, married to Lizzie Chap- facts auc 
man, and a daughter Nellie, her father's these va 
favorite, married to Mr. Algernon Sartoris, toward 1 
the son of Adelaide aud nephew of Fanny this alot 
Kemble. All his family were with him rlur- immense 
ing his fatal illness, and present at his death. tiding pc 
TURNIP PASTURE. 
I SEE by the newspapers that in many parts 
of the couutry there have been droughts, and 
pasture and hay are not the best. It will not 
be too late to sow the turnips for November 
feeding in the field. In no other way can a 
superior lot of food for animals be raised so 
cheaply. I am a turnip missionary, and I 
waut to see lots of converts. There is this 
satisfaction about it, that when a farmer is 
once converted he sticks, and doesn’t have to 
be "converted” over again. Mak B anv 
NEW YORK STATE EXPERIMENTAL 
STATION. 
WHAT IS BEING DONE. 
That the New York State Agricultural 
Experiment Station is doing a work of im¬ 
mense benefit to the agriculture aud the agri¬ 
culturists of this couutry every one must ad 
mit who visits the statiou and spends a day 
in looking over the work. A year has wrought 
many changes in the. appearance of the farm, 
