with less satisfaction, though if fresh and 
used persistently it will destroy the insects. 
Ag’l Coll., Lansing, Mich. a. j. cook. 
ton without injuring them. The lower end 
of the pitman E is attached to one of the 
wheels at C, and the upper end to the pump 
lever at G. The supply pipe, H, is provided 
with a stop valve, I, to regulate the flow of 
the liquid. The branch pipes shown at K, in 
Fig. 372, are made of cast metal. This figure 
shows the plan of the machine in detail. 
At Fig. 373 is shown a simple device for ap- 
called it “short,” Cole says nothing about the 
tree; Downing 9ays, “tree moderately vigor¬ 
ous, spreading, productive.” This is probably 
from hearsay. The beat description, accom¬ 
panied with a shaded section, appears in the 
Fourth Report (1878) of the Montreal Horti¬ 
cultural Society, p. 121, from the pen of Mr. 
Charles Gibb. The variety is but little ex¬ 
tended in Canada, beiug mostly grown about 
Abbottsford, on the flank of Yamaska Moun¬ 
tain in Rouville County, about half way be¬ 
tween the Vermont line and the St. Lawrence 
River. Mi-. Gibb, who lives at Abbottsford, 
says: “One tree of this variety was brought 
hereabout 1812 from the Spaulding Nurseries 
on Snefford Mountain, the grafts of which 
came from New England ” In nursery the tree 
is of slow growth and “ungainly in form. In 
orchard it forms a round, brush}- head. Fruit 
medium to large, rouudish, somewhat oblate 
and conic, often angular and furrowed. Flesh 
yellowish, yielding and juicy, with a peculiar 
aromatic and subacid flavor.” 
In Massachusetts the Foundling's season is 
“Aug. and Sept.” (Cole). In Canada (Gibb) 
*'it begins to ripen a few specimens the last 
of August, and continues thus to ripen till the 
last of September. Those then barreled keep 
till February. This babit of uneven ripening 
is not against the fruit for family use.” The 
tree is not long-lived, but is very productive. 
In hardiness itranks about with Fameuse, and 
may therefore be grown almost anywhere in 
New England, but it is not a true “iron-clad.” 
I never saw a Massachusetts apple that was. 
AB& 6 
densing companies that their fears against it 
are groundless. Some of them say, however, 
that experience has proved to them that the 
condensed product of milk from cows fed on 
“agricultural sour-krout” will uotkeep as well 
as that from milk from cows fed in the “old 
way”—that it is apt to ferment or decompose 
much more readily. 
Treatmentof Milk Fever.— Ernest Arm- 
itage, V. S., reports a very successful treat¬ 
ment of a typical ease of milk fever. The 
cow became very fat just before calving. By 
some mistake, the usual dose of salts was not 
given. The disease was rapidly developed, 
all the well known symptoms appearing. An 
opening drench was administered, and large 
doses of whisky were given every two hours. 
The cow fell into what was evidently a drunk¬ 
en sleep. She was kept in this condition for 
some time, the milk being drawn at intervals. 
She was down for 22 hours, apparently with¬ 
out pulse, sight or feeling. She recovered 
slowly and is now well. Prevention is better 
than cure with this disease. The proper care 
of the animal before ealviug will render such 
heroic treatment unnecessary. 
Cost op Living.— Americans probably 
average higher in the cost of living than do the 
citizens of any other conn try. Few people try 
to keep an exact account of the cost of their 
food; it would be better if they would do so. Mr. 
Edwin Atkinson has gathered a few statistics 
which, while too meager to be of great value, 
indicate what can be done in this direction. 
He selected a town in Maryland aud one iu 
Massachusetts. The experiment lasted six 
mouths, aud included the several classes of 
society. A u average was taken between the 
prices of living. This was found to be 20.85 
cents, per day, or $8(5.81 per year. This in¬ 
cludes only the food, which was of good qual¬ 
ity. It shows that at least $5,000,000,000 are 
annually expended by our own people for food 
alone. It would also appear that a man must 
have an income of at least $2 per day in or¬ 
der to support a family of five in any respect¬ 
able style. It- would be of interest to know 
exactly what part of one’s income goes to 
purchase food. 
SAMPLES. 
630 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Farming is made up of many home indus¬ 
tries. If there is any such thing as a “general 
purpose” man, it is the successful farmer. 
The Free Press says that fireworks mean 
liberty and a good time. Take them from the 
small boy aud his reverence for the Republic 
will dry up. He will become a cynic or a 
demagogue. Many boys leave the farm be¬ 
cause the fireworks and fun of agriculture 
have been suppressed... 
Give the hens a fair chance. There is 
money in the “chicken business.” In 1884 
eggs to the value of $0,197,400 were imported 
from Denmark, Germauy and the British 
Provinces. 
Mr. Little, of the Ontario Fruit-growers’ 
Association, says that people talk that pistil¬ 
late strawberries will uot produce fruit uuless 
they have perfect-flowering kinds near. He 
planted Big Bob, Jersey Queen and Manches¬ 
ter 40 rods from any other berry and they 
produced as good fruit as when they were 
planted among the Wilson and Cap. Jack. 
The Daniel Boone is his favorite. 
Most of the members of the Association 
prefer the Crescent. 
Mr. Beadle says that a tender variety of 
fruit will not be made hardier by being graft¬ 
ed on a hardy stock... 
The Husbandman says a man has no bus¬ 
iness to say that the world owes him a living, 
unless he can show that be has done something 
for the world. The man who is trying to do 
good, honest work never comes to the world 
to collect a debt. All wealth is the product 
of labor, aud it is sure to follow an honest en¬ 
deavor. If it does not come in money, it 
comes in a satisfaction that money cannot 
buy... 
The National Live Stock Journal laments 
the fact that few hired men use the judgment 
aud feel the responsibility they should iu 
handling animals. Animals should be edu¬ 
cated aud not forced Into submission. Horses 
used in the Are departments of cities show the 
result of good animal education. 
The Poultry World thinks there is one 
thiug that Nature does not supply, aud which 
civilization has rendered necessary to fowls. 
It is charcoal. A charred ear of corn will 
make the hens happy. 
In every patriotic family will be found an 
old-style musket. It roaches down from 
the past to teach lessons of patriotism. No one 
would use it to hunt with. It could uot dis¬ 
tinguish between friend and foe. Iu every 
family will also be found some old idea or 
habit or implement chat holds the family far 
back Into the past. Why not use it as you 
EXTERMIN ATI NG THE COTTON- WORM. 
Fig. 372. 
bed is, however, elevated enough to enable 
the cart to pass over the rows of oot- 
Fig. 374. 
cart, patented by Mr. Davis, of Texas. A 
represents the cart; B is a horizontal shaft 
having its bearings in the arms c c. On the 
shaft are placed three loosely revolving per¬ 
forated cylinders E. E. E. The shaft carries a 
pulley at u, over which a band works, passing 
tothehubof the wheel from which it receives 
motion, aud sifts the poison over the plants. 
At 6 is a spiral spring coiled around the shaft 
to secure an easy lateral motion to the cylin¬ 
ders in case of a sudden jar to the cart, thus 
avoiding too great a discharge of poison in any 
for plant. The running expenses are also 
larger than with older methods. 
“Hay Fever.” —The Scottish Gazette has a 
short chapter on “hay fever,” uot the catarrh¬ 
al trouble that drives so many of our people 
to the mountains every Summer: but the 
feverish anxiety that comes over a man when 
he sees a storm of rain making straight for 
his “unraked clover.” The symptoms seem to 
be anxiety of mind, extreme shortness of 
temper and inability to adapt oneself to uu- 
Profkssor S. M. Barre, in the Canadian 
Dairyman, sums up the centrifugal system of 
cream raising. Advantages:—1. It saves in 
transportation. 2. It saves space. 3. Saves 
time. 4. Saves water and iee. 5. Less ex¬ 
posure of milk. 6. Saves labor. 7. Gives sweet 
cream in large quantities,which may be soured 
to suit different markets. 8. Gives a greater 
yield of butter. 9. It will skim the milk of 
all different breeds more completely than any 
other system. IU. It gives a better quality of 
butter. However carefully the milking and 
strainiug have been done, the centrifugal ex¬ 
tracts a large amount of impurities which 
older methods could not remove. Centrifugal 
butter has a higher melting poiut. Itoughtto 
keep longer. Centrifugal butter melts at 98 
degrees Fahrenheit; ordinary butter melts 
at 94 degrees. The disadvantage of the system 
lies in the fact that it requires more outlay 
expected circumstances. Few men are proof 
against au attack of this kind. The remedy 
suggested is the silo. There can be no danger 
of losing hay when there is no bay to be made. 
The grass goes into the pit wet or dry. The 
farmer keeps his temper and laughs at the 
rain. It remains to be seen whether this 
treatment would help a summer catarrh pat¬ 
ient or not. Hay-making generally drives 
such people frantic. Perhaps thoy can look at 
silage without any trouble. The “ensilage 
fever" is still ragiug in Great Britain, but the 
“patients,” except the very “bad cases,” are 
recovering under the treatment of Dr. J. B. 
Lawes, aided by “depletion” of the pocket. 
Condensed Milk and silage. —The 
great British Milk Condensiug Company de¬ 
clined to take aud use the milk from cows fed 
upon silage. The Breeder’s Gazette says that 
the English Ensilage Commission is entitled 
to the credit of showiug how groundless was 
the objection urged against silage, because of 
the action of this great company. About the 
only reason that could be given for the action 
of the company, was that a milk-coudensing 
couipauy iu this country had taken similar 
action. No facts were developed to show that 
milk from silage-fed cows is uufit for condens¬ 
ing. The value of the product was so great 
that the company could uot afford to take any 
chances. The Gazette thinks it likely that a 
cross examination of the American condens¬ 
ing company would show that its refusal to 
take milk made from silage-fed stock grew 
from like reasons, viz: a disinclination to as¬ 
sume any risks, and not from any established 
facts. The condensing companies have a per¬ 
fect right to decline the purchase of the milk, 
but they should make their reasons for doing 
so clear. The ensilage system is on trial. It 
should be fairly delt with. The exact facts 
about it, pro aud con, should be fairly stated 
and considered. Time may show the con¬ 
plying Paris-green dry. This is balanced upon 
the shoulders, and the poison is distributed by 
working the handles shown upon the inner 
side of the cans which contain the poison. 
The cans are adjustable to the width or hight 
of the rows. 
Fig. 374 represents a machine attached to a 
one place. Fig. 375 shows a section of the 
same. 
THE APPLE FLEA BEETLE. 
President C. L Ingersoll, of the Colo¬ 
rado Agricultural College, sends me some 
small, brilliantly colored beetles which he 
reports as doing serious damage to the apple 
trees of that State by feeding oti the foliage. 
This iusect proves to be Graptodera foliacea. 
Lee. It belongs to the family Chrysomelidse, 
and is closely related to the Graptodera chaly- 
bea. Ill., or Grape-vine Flea Beetle, which it 
resembles not a little in size, form and color. 
It is .5 c m. (one fifth inch) long, is shiny green 
in color, with a bronze reflection on the 
thorax. There is a transverse groove near the 
posterior margin of the pronotum, which is 
more marked near its ends. TUe green color 
also marks the whole under side of the insect 
and the legs, which are covered, though uot 
densely, with short, gray hairs. The poster¬ 
ior legs have immense femora (thighs) and 
thus the insect might be appropriately named 
the Colorado Apple Flea Beetle, as undoubted¬ 
ly, like the Grape Flea Beetle, it can aud 
does jump upon being disturbed. The eyes 
are jet black as are the mouth organs. 
REMEDIES, 
The Grape Flea Beetle works on the foliage 
of the grape, both as a grub and as a beetle. 
In the latter, or adult stage, it eats the early 
buds, and often does much harm. 1 do uot 
know whether this Apple Flea Beetle eats the 
apple foliage as a grub, or only as a beetle. 
In either case, Paris-green (ODe tablespoonful 
to two gallons of water), or the soap-aud-kero- 
Bene emulsion, will almost certainly destroy 
the insects. I have found, by repeated ex¬ 
periments, that either of these substances will 
quickly banish the Grape Flea Beetles aud the 
grubB us well. There can be no doubt that 
the same would be true of the insect in ques¬ 
tion. I have also tried the pyrethruin, but 
Fig. 373. 
The most effectual method of destroying the 
cotton-worm is by the application of poisons, 
usually mixed simply with water, or applied 
dry. At Fig. 370, we 
show Whitman's Foun- Jt 
tain Pump. With one Sx 
of these pumps, a man can JA RW ;/ 
throw the poison over five <£ap ^ J LI 
cotton rows at once. The n| P, j la 
pump throws a very fine f|| S '1 
spray, distributing the |1 > j | 
poison evenly and with a <, A 
small quantity of water. |jSFH j \\ 
rhe pump is placed in a £ j 'A 
pail of the solution aud I 2 | VS 
carried along the rows. At | ^ P j \1 
Figs. 371 and 372 is shown I £ 
i machine patented by j —' <&s & / J 
Mr. Johnson, of Texas. | 8 | 
At Fig, 371 it is shown I P I 
mounted upon wheels: A l ^ 4 r 1 
represents the tank con r 3 ® 1 
joining the poison; B is P® j 9 1 
.he platform to which it is If IB V» 
ittached; C the wheels Ml 
rvhieh are much smaller \ 5 ar 
n diameter than ordinary \\. 1^3 
vagon wheels; the pump 
s connected by a pitman ® 
jo the wheels, and these, Fig. 370. 
>wing to their small 
iize, give the number of revolutions re¬ 
ed o work the pump. The cart 
