of alcohol it contains. “Hard cider” has a 
bar room flavor that does not fit such a home. 
To produce cider suited to their taste, the bung 
is not knocked out. It is tightly fitted to the 
stave, but there is a hole in it to which i9 fitted 
a tube of tin, rubber or glass. A. few inches 
above the barrel the tube is bent to a horizontal 
direction and again beut down and the end is 
inserted in a bowl of water. As the carbonic 
acid forms it passes through the tube and 
escapes in bubbles while the water excludes 
the air. Fermentation thus slowly proceeds 
until the material for the chemical changes is 
exhausted. It is true that there is alcohol in 
such cider, but itsaems brutal to call it “hard.” 
It sends out an aioma so rich with suggest¬ 
ions of Autumn ripeness, that a temperance 
man could hardly look at it without feeliug a 
longing at his heart. If the cider is bottled 
just at this stage, it will foam and sparkle 
like champagne. 
Holstkin-Friesian Registry.— The new 
rules governing the advanced registry for 
Holsteiu Friesian or Holland cattle have been 
published. The ob ject of this registry, as we 
understand it, is to encourage breeders to test 
their cows, and thus pick out the best from 
which to breed the Holstein-Friesians of the 
future. In order to euter this advanced reg¬ 
istry, a cow must have borne a calf and made 
a well established record in milk or butter 
yield. This record varies according to the age 
of the animal. Cows from two to three years, 
or what is known as the “two-year-old form,” 
are expected to yield nine pounds of butter in 
seven days, or not less than 6,500 pounds of 
milk in 10 consecutive months, or not less 
thau 354 pounds of milk in 10 consecutive 
days. These records increase to 11 pounds of 
butter, 7,900 pounds and 432 pounds of milk 
at three years; 13 pounds of butter and 9,300 
and 511 pounds of milk at four years: and 15 
pounds of butter and 10,700 and 589 pounds of 
milk at, five years. The butter must be of 
good marketable quality, salted not higher 
than one ounce of salt to a pouud of butter, 
and worked free from auy excess of water or 
butter milk. A bull to be eligible to this 
registry must have produced three calves of 
superior merit, which must be seen and ex¬ 
amined by the examiners. These rules fully 
demonstrate’tbejfact that the Holstein-FriesiBn 
breeders are determined to fully develop their 
noble breed of cattle. These tests will serve 
to pick out the best cattle as representative 
animals. There are hundreds of cattle in the 
country that seek to cover up their inferiority 
by a flourishing of a dubious “Holstein” or 
“Friesian” title. Many of these animals, 
brought from Holland by speculators, and 
spread over the country, have injured the 
reputation of the breed in many places. Now 
have it understood that it requires an actual 
record, something more than mere name, to 
make a good Holstein-Friesian, and breeders 
can build upon a solid basis. We do not 
believe in the forced tests that have killed so 
many famous Jerseys, hut this making up a 
fair standard of merit for cattle seems sen¬ 
sible. There is no use iu killing a cow in order 
to see how much she will eat and digest, but 
it seems business-like to say that a cow must 
be able to perform a certain amount of work 
before she can be classed as a good one. We 
hope the new method, or at least some modi¬ 
fication of it, will prove a success. 
THE LATEST AND BRIEFEST. 
The New York Tribune considers the Michi¬ 
gan Agricultural College, at I.ansiug, the 
Kansas Agricultural College at Manhattan and 
the Storr’s Agricultural School at Mansfield, 
Conn., the three best industrial schools in the 
country... 
Good Health has been interviewing many 
of our best thinkers and literary men with a 
view of briuging out facts in regard to their 
habits of life. Of course, there are many dif¬ 
ferent methods of work and living disclosed, 
some of which seem practicable, while others 
are unsuited to ordinary people. There is one 
poiut, however, upon which all agree, that is. 
that a fair amount of sleep is absolutely ueees- 
sary to preserve the heultb and faculties. 
Sleep is the best and cheapest medicine the 
world has ever known. It is a species of sui¬ 
cide to seek to cut down the amount required 
for rest and recuperation... 
The Hog, a new paper, says that the ani¬ 
mal for which it is named, furnishes all the 
grease to run the farm machinery, and trans¬ 
ports more graiu to market, in its bones, sin¬ 
ews aud muscles, thau all the railroads in 
America... 
An interesting discussion has been going on 
for some time past in the Ohio Farmer, as to 
the care of horses. In the course of it, Mr. 
T. B. Terry stated that his horses never 
received grain, but were fed exclusively upon 
sweet hay. They kept iu spleudid condition 
and did good work.Most of.the other writers 
prefer grain feeding. A horse will live on 
fHE RURAL fiEW-YORKER 
e 
hay, but to do hard farm work continually 
he needs something more. The point to be 
considered is not how little can we give a 
horse to keep him in condition, but what ra¬ 
tion will bring the best workout of him. We 
might, keep a hired man fat on potatoes, but 
roast beef would put him through more work. 
The advocates of silage do not have things 
all their own way by any means. It has been 
customary for them to say that no silo has 
ever been abandoned, but a number of such 
cases are now on record. Messrs. Dewey & 
Hoyt, of Thompsonville, N. Y., who for¬ 
merly worked an immeuse silo, are reported 
by the Orange County Farmer as ready to 
give it up. They claim that the continued 
use of silage for three years, will completely 
use up a cow. 
Agriculture seems to think that Prof. 
Brown's figures, from which he proves that 
Short-horns are most profitable for Ontario, 
really prove that Holsteins take the palm.... 
The Industrialist figures up four ways in 
which a good education pays. In dollars and 
cents, since educated labor is always worth 
more then uneducated. In influence and 
position, since few people will knowingly put 
an ignorant man into places of trust and 
power. In usefulness, as the bulk of good 
work is brought about by those who learn to 
think by study. In enjoyment, because the 
well-trained man always sees more, and has 
more good things to think about than the un¬ 
trained man. 
Where, on this continent, can man find a 
better supper than baked apples and milk? It 
is a dish fit “to set before a king.”. 
Secretary Russell, of Massachusetts,says 
that the horse’s stomach is the smallest similar 
organ to be found in comparative anatomy. 
It holds but about half as much as the horse 
needs to eat, eating no of tener than man...... 
Dr. A. H. Lackey, of Kansas, gives a few 
good rules for Short-horn breeders. Follow 
foundation principles in breeding. Abandon 
and condemn all close breeding. Never mind 
color. Abandon the practice of over-feeding 
breeding animals. Weed out faithfully. 
Have the best bull you can possibly obtain. 
Don’t depreciate other people’s pedigrees and 
cattle.... 
Our Country Home propounds the follow¬ 
ing as an unanswerable conundrum: “Who 
can tell when a watermelon is ripe?” We 
answer, any average colored boy of the South 
a dozen years old, can tell in the darkest night 
on which the moon never shone. 
It also recommends fighting the canker- 
worm with printers’ ink, tarred paper and 
kerosene troughs, and says that such means 
soon rid an orchard of the pest. We should 
think any one living iu New England must by 
this time be convinced that such ammunition 
as the above is powerless in contending against 
such aa enemy. We would advise the use of 
the Field Force Pump and a solution of Paris- 
green or London-purple as a quicker, easier 
and ten times more effieieut means of putting 
a quietus on this ceaseless gnawer. These are 
sudden death to him aud no mistake. 
The American Dairyman says that Jersey 
steers are as quick aud intelligent as Devon 
steers; that they grow to good size and make 
the best of beef. 
The same paper says that the market gar¬ 
dener has to turu out at all times and iu all 
weathers to care for his hot beds. Dairy cows 
are as sensitive to cold as hot-bed plants, yet 
whoever heard of a dairymau getting out of 
bed ou a cold, rainy night to put the cows in 
the stable? We don’t feel like laying claims 
to superior wisdom, but we have known many 
a man to do this very thing. If cows were as 
sensitive as hot-bed plauts, we would all have 
to go barefooted. 
Rotting wood is uot only unsightly, but 
dangerous to health. The Sanitary Engineer 
speaks of the fact that various forms of fever 
have beeu connected with the presence of de¬ 
caying timber, or masses of rotting shavings, 
chips, sawdust, etc. In the lumber districts 
of Michigan, where sawdust is used for paviug 
streets, the water always bus a peculiar taste 
of “nitrates,” and many wells have been con¬ 
demned as actually poisonous. The practice 
of paving the streets of cities, that have no 
regular water supply, with blocks of wood, is 
open to serious objection as inducing malarial 
troubles..... 
Wm, Warfield, iu the Breeders’ Gazette, 
makes rare sport of many of the practices at 
our fairs. He asks for a return of the old 
time “cattle show,” where the fat woman, the 
tattooed unm aud the sticb-aud-ring act were 
starved out. He gives a few fundamental 
propositions that every farmer ought to insist 
ou In every fair he has uny thing to do with, 
1. A full representation of every line of farm 
produce of the stable, fold, sty, dairy and soil, 
with a fair amount given to each. 2. An en¬ 
tire absence of everything of a bad tendency 
on or about the grounds, whether side-show* 
shooting gallery, liquor saloon or what not. 
3. An absolute prohibition of betting or gam¬ 
bling of any sort, bind or description. 
Geo. W. Rust says that men need ideas 
more than anything else. To have ideas, one 
must treat his mind as he does the soil; he 
must cultivate It and fertilize it by reading 
and study, and sow other people’s ideas 
thickly in it if he expects a crop of ideas of 
his own...... 
The National Live Stock Journal says that 
a man is nothing unless he has views of his 
own. It is more important that these views 
should be right than that they should be 
strictly original with him. 
The N. E. Homestead advises farmers to 
lick the envelope instead of the postage stamp. 
Good advice as far as it goes, but it doesn’t go 
far enough. Buy stamped envelopes. Uncle 
Sam can sell them cheaper than you can get 
the stamps and the envelopes separately. 
The Live Stock Indicator wants its readers 
to push those shotes right along to the pork 
barrel without losing a moment. The same 
paper wants strolling hunters, with their 
dogs, to be politely informed that they will be 
sent for when wanted. It i3 well to put up 
sign boards to that effect. These city “sports¬ 
men” are a curse to the country. 
Senator Cullom says that a man with a 
speech at a fair has no show with a fast horse 
or a fat cow. Since the crowd deserted his 
eloquence for a Short horn bull, he has given 
up speaking at fairs. There are plenty of 
orators left who might well come to the same 
conclusion. 
W. F. A., in the Homestead, says he thinks 
a farmer should study the literature that ap¬ 
plies to his profession just as much as if he 
was engaged in any other branch of industry 
or professional calling. He thinks a good 
agricultural paper the best warrant of success 
a farmer can have. It pays the highest rate 
of interest of any investment and declares the 
biggest dividend. 
The great problem with the farmer to day, 
in a pecuniary sense, is how to get the largest 
returns on the capital and labor invested. 
This problem can be best and most quickly 
solved by helping one another: in other 
words, by contributing to the sum of agricul¬ 
tural knowledge and assisting in its dissemina¬ 
tion.... 
Prof. W. J. Green, of the Ohio Experi¬ 
ment Station, says, in the Philadelphia Press, 
that Early Etampes Cabbage is no earlier 
than Early Wakefield; that while the heads 
are larger, they are not nearly so solid; that it 
is by no means as good a variety as the Wake 
field. The difficulty with the Early Wakefield 
is in getting good seed, as so few seedsmen 
have the genuine. Seed bought by the station 
from many different seedsmen showed a great 
difference in time of edible maturity. Why 
don’t friend Green speak out and call nrmes, 
so the public may know which seedsmen have 
not the genuine seed? A showing up of this 
kind, while it might be severe, would soon 
cause seedsmen to be more careful of what 
they send out, and in the end such a course 
would be a benefit to them as well as to the 
public. Professor, give ns the names. 
The Forest, Forge and Farm says, cur¬ 
iously enough, the term “hired man” is only 
applied to a man that works on a farm, as 
though other men were not hired. There are 
many grades of hired men. A good one is 
cheap at high wages, and a bad or indifferent 
one is dear if he works for nothing and boards 
himself. 
There is no known remedy against the Hes- 
siau fly except sowing after frost. 
Husk the corn as fast as you can.... 
Our advice has hitherto been to readers 
living north of Chicago and New York, to 
transplant fruit or ornamental trees in the 
Spring. In the South, the Fall will answer as 
well, or better. Evergreen trees, whether in 
the North or South, should be transplanted in 
tbe Spring.... 
It will soon be time to prune currant bushes 
and grape vines. There is uo better time to 
plant cuttings....... 
Skk that roots or potatoes are not rotting 
in the cellar.. 
Though it is some trouble, it pays the farmer 
to change his underclothes to suit the varying 
weather of Fall. An occasional tirfe to remove 
the chill of mornings aud evenings is a good 
protection against colds which, incurred at 
this season, may last (luring the Winter. Go 
to bed early; rise early; eat frugally and of 
nourishing food; read the Rural, and send us 
a lot of new subscribers. Then you will grow 
to be happy, healthy, wealthy, wise and gen¬ 
erous......... 
The Rural New-Yorker/Vo/r note to Jan¬ 
uary 1st, 1887, for only |2. Can't, you send us 
a club ? 
Qhrmjwljn-e. 
RURAL SPECIAL REPORTS. 
Connecticut. 
Bloomfield, Hartford Co., Sept. 23.—“The 
frost is on the pumpkin, and the corn is in the 
shock”—a proper time to report success or 
failure of farm crops. Probably the most im¬ 
portant one is grass, of which there was fully 
an average amount, but this section does not 
produce so much to an acre as it ought to or 
would, if proper attention was paid to it. The 
plentiful late rains insured a fine second 
growth, and on many farms, considerable 
aftermath, or rowen, has been cat. Farmers 
here are divided id opinion as to whether it is 
more profitable to feed on the ground, or to 
cut it for winter use. Of corn, there is a good 
crop. The large-eared dent varieties are being 
introduced with satisfaction since the new 
kinds are found sufficiently early to ripen. It 
was formerly the practice to save for fodder 
only the part of the stalks above the ear; but 
now the stalks are, for the most part, cut at 
the roots. Many believe, however, that when 
it is treated in the first mentioned way. there 
is more than enough extra weight of corn to 
make up for the los3 of fodder. Considerable 
fodder corn is raised, the sweet varieties being 
preferred. Potatoes do not turn out well. 
Those planted early suffered from drought, 
and the rain did not come soon enough for 
the late ones to give them a good start. The 
result is small potatoes and few in a hill. In 
low ground they have rotted considerably. 
Oats ripened well, and seeded nicely. Rye did 
fairly. Why more is not raised is a wonder 
to me. With the straw at the preseut prices, 
few crops pay better. Such tobacco as was 
not cut by bail, blown down by high winds, 
or eaten by worms, made an average crop— 
nothing more. As regards fruit, as a whole, 
there is plenty. Apples in some sections are 
very abundant; but the general verdict is that 
orchards don't pay. When they bear well, 
the price is very low, and when they don’t 
bear, the ground could be used to better ad¬ 
vantage. Pears are very abundant. Plums 
this year and last have beeu plentiful and 
fine in locations where in previous years they 
have been entirely destroyed by the cureulio. 
No reason for the disappearance of the pests 
is given, but their absence is not regretted. 
But even when crops are good, there is uot a 
cheerful outlook for farmers here. The cost 
of production arising from the value of land, 
and cost of help, is so much that there is little 
left for profit. It takes quite a fortune to buy 
even a small farm, and unless one has land 
enough to warrant the use of expensive agri¬ 
cultural implements, he cannot compete suc¬ 
cessfully with his neighbors. Many complain 
that they get only a bare living; but if they 
would stop a minute, and see how much is 
spent for such luxuries as their fathers never 
thought of, they would see there is less real 
cause for complaint than they suppose. It is 
not the money one has earned, but what he 
saves, that serves to make him rich l. a. r. 
Washington Depot, Litchfield County, 
Oct. 3.—The Diehl-Mediterranean did not come 
up well owing to the dry weather last Fall; 
but what did grow was well filled and plump. 
The rye looked the same as other rye, but was 
later. The Prince of Wales Peas were pro¬ 
ductive and grew three feet high. The Strata¬ 
gem did not do well. I divided the corn, 
planting the white separately; the colored will 
nearly all get ripe, but the white is not large 
enough for eating yet. The beans were liked. 
Only a few plants of the Johnson Grass came 
up. Some of the tomatoes were large, and 
smooth; King Humbert was too small. o.b.g. 
Georgia. 
Marietta, Cobb Co., Oct. S.— A wet, rainy 
time. Tbe sun has uot been seen for a week. 
Cotton much damaged by rot iu cracked bolls, 
and much that was open is hurt, and must 
sell as “storm cotton” at reduced rates. The 
season, on the whole, has beeu a good one with 
large crops of fruit, and melons never so 
plentiful. Pastures excellent; and hay can 
be cut iu nbuudance ou all wheat and oat 
ground, except where rag weed gets the start. 
Crab Grass is good if cut while green, but 
many let it get too ripe. I think this as healthy 
a section as can be found on the globe. 
J. J. c. 
Illinois. 
Franklin Grove, Lee Co., Oct. 1.—Our 
crops are good. Corn is about all out of the 
way of frost, and will he a big yield and No. 
1 in quality. Potatoes seem about an average 
crop, but are rottiug considerably. The 
White Elephant and Rural Blush seem to be 
the most affected. The Burbanks are the 
finest with me this year. We have had but 
one light frost yet. Tomatoes and late corn 
are still green and pastures fresh as June. 
Prices for all kinds of produce;,are low, and 
