THE 
RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
ANatlonal Journal for Country and Suburban Homes. 
Conducted by 
K. S. CABMAN, 
J. 8. WOODWARD, 
Associate. 
Address 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
No. 84 Park Row, New York. 
In referring to our wheat crosses and 
wheat and rye hybrids, Fig. 469 should 
have been 470 and vice versa. 
The next Rural New-Yorker will be 
our Special, devoted to an account of our 
next Free Seed Distribution, and a list of 
presents to subscribers for clubs. Instead 
of 250,000, we shall print’and mail 
350,000 
between its date (Nov. 14) and the 1st of 
May of next year. We hope that all our 
good friends will help to increase the 
Rural’s circulation of 1886. 
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We have our single plant of the three- 
quarters rye (one quarter wheat) at the 
Rural Grounds to show visitors. There 
were 20 heads, and the 20 heads bore one 
kernel that looked as if it would grow 
and three little dried up things that seem¬ 
ed to have no life. All were planted with 
great care, but none sprouted. We have, 
however, a dozen rye-wheat hybrid 
(three-quarters rye) plants growing finely 
from seeds the result of last season’s cross. 
Perhaps we shall have better success with 
them. 
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Dairymen might do well to pay more 
attention to the vast market to be found 
in Brazil and the South American Re¬ 
publics. Comparatively little butter or 
cheese is made there owing to the heat 
and the natural indolence of the people, 
yet large quantities are consumed. But¬ 
ter is shaped in tins or in glass vessels. 
Most of the trade has been monopolized 
in years past by France and Denmark, 
butter from the latter country being said 
to be particularly well suited for ship¬ 
ment to hot. countries, owing to the pe¬ 
culiar methods of manufacture, and the 
great care taken in all the minor details 
of the business. It seems as if our Ameri¬ 
can dairymen ought to control this trade 
which has been estimated to be worth 
$12,000,000 annually. If butter can he 
successfully made in the Southern States, 
it can surely be shipped across the Gulf 
at a cost much below the freight from 
Europe. Mexico, too, offers an inviting 
field for the sale of dairy goods and fine 
cattle. The trade will increase with great 
rapidity when once it is firmly established. 
Will it not pay to take greater pains to 
enter these markets? 
In spite of all hostile legislation, the 
sale of oleomargarine and similar con¬ 
coctions, is still very extensive. The 
officers whose duty it is to suppress the 
traffic, maintain that they have done so 
to a great extent; but were it not for 
this assurance we would be disposed to 
think it as great as ever. It seems a 
difficult if not impossible task to formu¬ 
late any restrictive or prohibitive laws with 
regard to these compounds, in which the 
courts will not find flaws enough to rend¬ 
er them void or practically inoperative. 
The last blow given to anti-oleomar¬ 
garine legislation was dealt the other day 
by a Michigan court, which declared the 
laws passed against the stuff in the'Wol¬ 
verine State unconstitutional. In view of 
the difficulty of formulating effective 
laws, it is satisfactory to learn that the 
Commissioner of Agriculture is preparing 
some recommendations to Congress for 
legislation to check the fraudulent sales 
of imitation butter, and that he is con¬ 
ferring with “eminent legal authorities” 
to ascertain what kind of law would be 
practical. The Chief of the Dairy 
Division is also collating all the State 
laws on the subject, in order that dairy¬ 
men may be the better able to formulate 
suitable laws, and to tell whether to seek 
Congressional or State legislation. Let 
us have stringent laws on this subject, 
State or National, and let them not be 
such that any smart lawyer can “drive a 
coach and six” through them. 
It is well known that the present Com¬ 
missioner of Agriculture has a much 
stronger faith in the possibilities of the 
sorghum-sugar industry, than his prede¬ 
cessor had. The former has been an earn¬ 
est advocate of the business since it first 
attracted public attention; the latter was 
inclined to belittle its importance, and got 
into his present trouble with the Govern¬ 
ment, because he diverted to other pur¬ 
poses the funds appropriated by Congress 
for the express purpose of investigating 
the best methods of rendering it agri¬ 
culturally profitable. Under direction of 
Commissioner Colman, our contributor 
Prof. H. W. Wiley, Chemist of the De¬ 
partment, has been conducting a series of 
experiments at Ottawa, Kansas, in the 
application of diffusion and carbonization 
of sorghum cane. These, have been quite 
satisfactory. The yield of sugar from the 
cane was more than 09 per cent, only 
12-100 of 1 per cent being left in the 
waste waters and exhausted chips. The 
yield of crude sugar (that is, as it comes 
from the vacuum pan) went as high as 280 
pounds per ton, or at 12 pounds per gal¬ 
lon, 238 gallons per ton. This is fully 
double that from the ordinary methods. 
The process of carbonization, that is, 
adding a large excess of lime to the juice 
and then precipitating it with carbonic 
acid, w f as completely successful. The 
product obtained was lighter in color and 
more palatable than that of the usual 
method of defecation, and the saving in 
scums by this method is estimated to be 
at least 10 per cent. The difficulties en¬ 
countered were entirely of a mechanical 
nature and easily overcome. 
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THE BE8T 
SEWING MACHINE 
IN THE WORLD. 
For 40 Sub scribers. 
It works without noise or friction. Lowest 
retail price $60.00. 
The Rural will pay the freight. 
Do not confound this with the low-priced 
machines offered. 
WHAT DID IT? 
We have on the Rural’s Western N. 
Y. Farm, standing side by side, a tree 
each of Newtown Pippin and Roxbury 
Russet. For a rarity this year, the New- 
towns are as fair as in their palmiest days. 
On the Newtown Pippin tree is a limb 
running out to, and intermingling with 
the branches of the Roxbury Russet, and 
which bears on its whole length many 
apples. On this limb before it reaches 
the Russet top, as on the remainder of the 
tree, are perfect Newtown Pippins, with 
not a particle of russet on one of them. 
On that part of the Newtown Pippin 
branch intermixed with the Russet top. 
are as nice-appearing Russets as one could 
wish to see, not one but is closely and 
densely covered with russet. These are 
the facts; we make no comments! 
CARE OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN. 
For its efforts to restore to the public 
domain liable to settlement,the vast tracts 
of it which have been illegally appropri¬ 
ated by foreign and domestic land-grab¬ 
bers, the Government deserves well of the 
agriculturists of the country. Mere pro¬ 
clamations, however, will have little ef¬ 
fect in accomplishing this object. The 
land thieves are certain to cling to their 
plunder until forced to surrender it by 
the strong arm of the law. When their 
booty has been wrenched from their 
unscrupulous hands, it will be time 
enough to give unstinted praise to those 
whose efforts have accomplishd the task. 
The railroads form another class of land- 
grabbers just as greedy and unscrupulous 
as the cattle kings and syndicates. Here 
ugaiu, the. conduct, of the Administration 
is worthy of praise in demanding from 
these soulless bodies’ a strict compliance 
with the terms on which the land grants 
were made, and in opening’to settlement 
all grants forfeited by failure' to comply 
with the conditions. 
The Atlantic and Pacific Railway Com¬ 
pany has been the last delinquent in 
tills respect, aud yesterday Commissioner 
Sparks of the General Land Office, de¬ 
cided that it is not entitled to any portion 
of the land grant which was located and 
withdrawn from settlement in 1874 upon 
a line projected from San Buenaventura 
to Sau Francisco, California. The Com¬ 
pany has failed to build any part of the 
line along the projected route, yet the 
land was claimed by it, and locked up 
from settlement. This decision throws 
open to settlement about 5.000,000 acres. 
In many other States on both sides of the 
Mississippi, there are large, tracts of land 
which have been long withdrawn from 
settlement as grants to projected railroads 
which have either never been built, or 
have failed to comply with the conditions 
of the grants. Let these also be opened 
to settlement at once. Why should these 
corporations be permitted for years to 
play “dog in the manger?” 
-> ♦ » 
A SHOW OF POULTRY FOR THE TABLE. 
At the recent English Dairy Show, a 
department for table poultry attracted 
considerable attention. The design of 
the exhibition was to select the best breeds 
of poultry for the table, without regard 
to laving qualities. The birds were first 
exhibited alive and then killed and dress¬ 
ed, something after the system of judging 
employed at our fat stock shows. The 
result of the judging showed, among other 
things, how difficult is is to get at the 
actual size and shape of the meat of the 
fowl without removing the feathers. In 
rendering their decision, the judges look¬ 
ed less to the weight of the birds than 
to fineness of quality, smallness of bone, ab¬ 
sence of offal and closeness of plumage. 
The Dorkings won the first prize, closely 
followed by the Games. A number of 
cross-bred birds were exhibited, and 
among these a Plymouth Rock-Langshan 
was highly commended. The weight of 
these cross-bred birds was greater than 
that of the purely “meaty” breeds, but 
the color and quality of the flesh were not 
so good. It is hard for some of us to 
realize that there are breeds of poultry ns 
distinctly noted for excellence in meat 
production as the Hereford or Short-horn 
cattle are noted for fine beef. To the 
great majority of people, “chicken is 
chicken” just as “beef is beef;” when a 
superior piece of meat is served, the cook 
generally gets the credit. Much has been 
said of the wonderful power of the Jersey 
bull to transmit a superior butter quality 
to his offspring. It is no more remarkable 
than the power of the well-bred beef ani¬ 
mal to improve the quality as well as the 
quantity of the meat of the graded steer. 
In like manner, the pure breeds of poultry 
have certain characteristics which they 
are sure to stamp upon their offspring. 
Most farmers at present want the class of 
poultry that will produce the greatest 
number of eggs or the most weight, with¬ 
out much regard to the quality of the 
meat. To make the breeding of any of 
the purely table breeds profitable, a 
fashionable market and the greatest care 
would be necessary, yet it is probable 
that the business would pay well. There 
are always people who want the best and 
are ready to pay for it. 
GIRLS, WHY DO IT ? 
American women are more comely in 
person, possess more beauty and greater 
mentality, are better educated, occupy a 
higher social position, have legs to con¬ 
demn and more to commend than the 
women of any other country on this 
“green globe.” While the men, to an 
appaling extent, smoke or chew tobacco, 
or drink beer or wh’sk v, the women, thank 
God! do neither, and it is due to this 
fact and the consequent, greater purity 
and vitality of their blood and its sustain¬ 
ing influence on the children that our 
people are not more rapidly cursed and 
blighted by the unwholesome influences 
of alcohol and tobacco. 
But with all their level headed common 
sense, our women do some of the most 
foolish and nonsensical things at the dic¬ 
tate of fashion. Often, as we have look¬ 
ed over an audience, the majority of 
whom were ladies, and have seen such 
well formed and harmonious chins, 
mouths, cheeks, noses and eyes, we have 
remembered what lofty, intelligent and 
beautiful foreheads women used to have, 
and wondered why it was that such sens¬ 
ible beings, with such otherwise handsome 
faces, could so cover up what was de¬ 
signed to be the crowning element of 
their beauty, as to make themselves re¬ 
semble a lot of snarling, weak-eyed poodles. 
We well’ remember when it was the 
glorv of a woman to have a clear, well 
developed forehead, which she took great 
pains to set off to the bpst. advantage; 
wbeu a low brow was a matter of deep 
regret and called for the use of a depila¬ 
tory. But now it is a rare thing to see a 
woman with the moral courage to show a 
half inch of brnin-room above the eye¬ 
brows. The front hair is cut off, “curled” 
and “frizzed” or “banged,” and forced 
out of its proper place, until a fashionable 
lady looks as though she was wearing as 
a frontispiece about four inches of poodle 
dog skin, drawn over the half-shell of a 
cocoanut. 
We cannot believe that there is a think¬ 
ing woman, old or young, who does not 
hate the senseless fashion and despise her¬ 
self for following ft, and who would not 
gladly spe it abolished. It was originated 
by the lowest class of abandoned females 
in the most immoral c.itv of Europe, aud 
is it not a disgrace to the intelligence of 
our people, and should not virtuous 
American ladies unite in discarding it? 
How we long to again see the female face 
as God made It, with all the features in 
harmonious proportion, and we apppal 
to womanhood to unite in giving us their 
influence in restoring the uncovered fore¬ 
head to the position of dignity which it 
once occupied, as the crown of beauty. 
And, you girls, won’t you decree that 
such a horrid fashion must die? It 
makes vou look like “frights,” takes 
away all theindividuaMtyyou possess, and 
makes you a laughing-stock for the rude 
element in the other sex. If you decree 
that it must, go, there is no power that 
can retain it. We appeal to you, good, 
sensible girls that, you are, give us bark 
the human face “divine” crowned with 
the emblem of intelligence and not with 
this disgusting “poodleism.” Girls, now 
will you not do it? We hope you will! 
BREVITIES. 
What can T do now to lessen the pressing 
farm work of next Spring? 
Wk paint the roofs of our new houses with 
warm tar. throwing clean sand upon it as the 
painting progresses. Thp roofs incline about 
20 degrees, or enough to shed water readily. 
Do ell the painting you can at this season 
before cold wpnt.her sets iu. It pays to paint 
the handles of Bxep, rnkbs. hoes: it pays to 
paint ladders, wheel barrows and the wood¬ 
work of many farm implements. 
Seep corn which we value highly, as we 
have often stated, is kept in a warm room 
from the time it is cured until the planting 
season. For seven years we have thus pre¬ 
served the seed of the variety, wh'cb bv cross¬ 
ing and the most careful selection is now, for 
our climate,the most prolific kind known to us. 
The Lawson Pear, as we shall call it uutil 
its proper name is determined bv a higher au¬ 
thority. is pertainlv. as w#» have said, the hand¬ 
somest of its season. The brilliancy of its 
hright red face upon a bright, yellow ground 
is tinequaled by anv other summer pear. The 
quality, however, our readers should bear iu 
mind, is somewhat mealy and dry. 
We are sorrv to learn that our old friend, 
the eminent horticulturist of Cenlrul New 
York. Dr. H. H. Farlv. of Union Springs, wag 
recently killed instantly by the cars, while 
within sight of his home. This occurred ou 
September 24. In a lane almost on his own 
premises. Dr Farley is well known to the 
nurservmen of this country, and he has done 
much to extend the cultivation of good fruits. 
Our friend, Mr. L, G. U. Smith, or Nvack 
on-Hudsnti, sends us a box of grapes marked 
Victoria, for which bo will please accept 
thanks. We are very sure, however, that 
they are not Victorias, at least such Victorias 
asareours We ere uot quite sure, hut we 
think they are Carlot.tas. They are well 
grown, thoroughly ripened and good. They 
have considerable of the native fragrance, 
but are very rich with much of a peculiar, 
honied sweetness. 
The judges on fruit, at the Mb Holly Fair, 
(N. J.l after a close and careful comparison 
of the Champion and the so-oatled Meeoh’s 
Prnlffic Quince, were of the unanimous 
opinion that there i« pot the least difference 
whatever between them. The putting out of 
an old variety tinder a new name cannot be 
too qnicklv censured, snd it seems oqw to be 
clearly settled that this is an Instance in point. 
People have been charged $1.50 for what, is 
unite common and cau lie bought for from 
25 to 50 cents per tree. 
Novkmhkh is lighted up with the glory of 
the chrysanthemums, endlessly varied in form 
and color. Innumerable shows of them are 
held in this month, and we read of plants 
being sold at their close at $10 each Any lit¬ 
tle sprig suffices to grow a plant for next 
year’s bloom, and the culture ih «o ea*v as to 
commend these plants to all. Many of them 
require the shelter of a pit, and all like Open, 
free light, in the Summer. They ore ven 
easily pot.ted in September for shelter while 
blooming, and fcbev become superb if duly 
watered ar,d fed. Get some to delight you. 
Mr. W. L. Jones, of Newark, N.J.,brought, 
to the office some specimens of the Canada 
Red Apple grown on a tree of this variety 
standing with it.* lop interlaced with a Russet. 
About one half of each apple, more or less, 
was to all appearance u Russet, thereat a 
Canada Red. On one limb on different spurs 
were a per feet Canada Red and as perfect a 
Russet. These apples were scut to him by 
Mr. Goo. 8. Kayre, Viuceuttown, N. J., aid 
thislis a’.bardlnut.to crack. 
