366 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
MAY 30 
mgs'- 
derail 
®ra!a$| 
extend to the rim of the calyx basin, the 
stripes are very narrow, drawn out fine to¬ 
wards the stem end and extend nearly to 
the bottom of the cavity. Stem, short 04 
inch long), stout, planted in a small, deep 
cavity; calyx, entirely closed and in a deep, 
narrow basin, a little irregular; core, medium- 
sized; seeds small and few in number; flesh, 
a tittle coarse-grained, tender, juicy, sub-acid; 
quality, very good. Its season is from Janu¬ 
ary to March; but sometimes it keeps until 
May. Ours were oatou April 525th, and 
pronounced a little past their prime. 
in a shallow plaited basin, a greenish skin 
nearly covered with darkish rosy-red stripes 
and splashes of two shades and numerous 
small raised, brownish dots. It is most plainly 
a long keeper, as much as the Ben Davis, I 
should judge. If the tree is all right, 
this apple is a magnifflcent-lookiug and fairly 
acceptable dessert apple that will follow 
Wealthy in season. It is not sufficiently acid 
for a good culinary apple, being about with 
Ben Davis in this respect. 
Newport, Vt. 
off,” says Mr. H., 1 for the past three or four 
years.” The apple is of Baldwin size, round, 
even, yellow, well striped with bright red, 
with fine, white dots. Flesh yellow, firm, but 
soft for eatiug when mature; flavor, a mild, 
sub-acid, with some richness, very good. 
Stem, short, in a small, abrupt cavity. Calyx, 
closed iu a shallow, slightly plaited basin. 
Fruit, a good keeper, aud a valuable market 
apple. 
Renaud Seedling.— This is off a tree about 
50 years old, iu a bad condition from the at 
tacks of worms and wood peckers. Said to 
have beeu a good bearer, aud the fruit a long 
keeper. My specimen was rather large, 
roundish-oblate, straw yellow, with about as 
much pink as the Maiden’s Blush, and numer¬ 
ous small brown dots. Stem, loogisb, in a 
medium, irregular’cavity. Calyx, half open, 
fruit, we decided it was a currant not very 
distant in character and foliage from our well 
known Ribes aureum — Golden, Buffalo, or 
Missouri Currant. We found later that it ran 
into red as well as black varieties, and that it 
varied considerably in size and quality of 
fruit. One of the best red varieties we fouud 
fully ripe at Kazan, and it was excellent in 
quality for dessert use. Everywhere it seem • 
ed a low, bushy plant, inclined to a pendent 
habit of branches. The Russians use the fruit, 
mainly in a dried form, for pies, puddings, 
etc. The foliage endures our summer air per- 
fectly.and the wood will bear 50 degrees below 
zero unharmed. I find no reference to Ribes 
Alpinum in Loudon, or even in the complete 
Deudrologie of Karl Koch; yet Dr. Regel and 
Dr. Maximo witch recognize it as a good spe¬ 
cies, I shall expect the best varieties of the 
Pear-shaped Currant, and the Alpinum, to 
prove specially' valuable on the arid plains of 
Western Kausas, Nebraska and Dakota, and 
they will prove interesting in the Central and 
Eastern States. 
Ames, Iowa. 
THE NOTTINGHAM BROWN APPLE 
JAPAN PLUM. 
A noted instance of a fruit of superior 
merit growing for years entirely unnoticed, 
aud then for three-quarters of a century 
having a very enviable local reputation, and 
We present, at Fig. 204, re-engraved from 
the Gardeners' Chrouicle, a cut of the Japan¬ 
ese Plum, which was said to have been made 
from life from fruit grown in California. The 
tree was introduced into that State from Japan 
in 1871. Its introducers claim for it these 
merits; 
“1. Wonderful productiveness unsurpass¬ 
ed by any other plum, either uative or foreign. 
2. It comes into hearing at the ago of two to 
three years, and continues with great regu¬ 
larity, blossoms frequently appearing on year¬ 
ling trees. 3. The fruit is of very large size, 
being from seven to nine inches in circum¬ 
ference, and specimens weigh ounces each, 
and it has a remarkably small pit. 4. It is 
very attractive In appearance, beinj?of a rich 
yellow nearly overspread with a bright red, 
with a lovely bloom. It is heart-shaped. It 
ripens iu California from first to last of Sep¬ 
tember, which iB very late, being equivalent 
toripeuiug here in October. It is of superb 
quality, melting, rich, and juicy. For cook¬ 
ing, jelly, or preserving in any manner it has 
uo equal. Its large size renders the paring of 
the fruit as practicable as iu the case of the 
peach, which is quite a novelty in the line, and 
it excels all other plums for canning. As a 
dried fruit it is destined to take the lead, be¬ 
ing equal if not superior to the best dried 
prunes.” We are Hot aware of its having beeu 
fruited on this coast, and we hope half of the 
above claims may be realized; if so, it will 
prove very valuable. 
NOTES ON SOME NEW HARDY APPLES, 
T. H. HOSKINS, M. D. 
On February 20, I took from the cellar and 
tested a number of apples, sent to me by gen¬ 
tlemen in the Fall for this purpose, 1 give 
the Rural brief notes upon each, as this class 
of apples is attracting much attention, and 
many of your readers will be glad to have 
them reported on. 
From that veteran nurseryman and fruit 
grower, F. K. Phoenix, of Delavan, Wis., 
four varieties were received. The notes upon 
the trees are from Mr. Phoenix; those on the 
fruit are my own. 
Hollister Sweet.— Tree very vigorous, 
productive, pretty hardy. Fruit in good con¬ 
dition, medium to large, round, smooth,orange 
yellow, heavily covered with crimson stripes 
of two shades and a few obscure dots. Stem 
of medium length, slim, in an abrupt, rather 
deep cavity. Calyx closed, in an abrupt, 
slightly plaited basin of moderate depth. 
Quality, a pleasant sweet, not very rich, but 
very good. Flesh yellowish; core small. A 
good keeper. 
Walworth Pippin.— Tree a biennial bear¬ 
er and fair grower. The old tree, a few miles 
from Delavan, has borne nearly 40 years. In 
nursery, moderately hardy. Fruit large, 
roundish-conical, obscurely ribbed ; skin 
NOTTINGHAM BROWN APPLE. (From Nature.) Fig 201 
yet not known outside of a very limited sec¬ 
tion of the coutry,is the fine apple which we fig¬ 
ure this week at Fig 201, called the Nottingham 
Browu. About 75 years ago, as Mr. Robert 
Brown, of Cecil County, Maryland, was riding 
along, be noticed by the road side, only a 
short distance from Zion, in that county, a 
large apple tree loaded with fruit, which by 
its size and appearance caused him to stop 
and examine it. Upon tasting the fruit, he 
was so much pleased with it that he procured 
cions and had some trees growu for his own 
planting. Where the tree came from, or its 
age, no one knew, so that he concluded that 
it must be an accidental seedling aud gave it 
the above name. 
The tree is a vigorous, rather upright 
grower, forming a very round,compact head; 
the young shoots are of a dark reddish-brown 
with elongated, reflexed segments, in a shal¬ 
low. slightly ribbed and irregular basin. 
Flesh, yellowish; core, small; flavor, sub¬ 
acid, quality not high, but nothing objection¬ 
able about it. Would be a good market 
apple. It is evidently a good keeper. 
Gill Seeding, Mr. Hamilton says:— 
“What is left of the tree is healthy aud vig¬ 
orous. By some accident a few years back it 
was split to the ground, and almost three- 
fourths of the tree was destroyed. It is prob¬ 
ably not more than 20 years old. The surviv¬ 
ing fragment bore two bushels of fruit last 
season. The fruit is remarkably even in size- 
and it is said to keep until Juue.” My speci¬ 
men was to all appearance a Fatueuse of full 
Baldwin size, and, at least externally, what 
has long been desired, a large, long keeping 
Fameuse. It was so firm aud so green around 
Dr. Lackey, of Kansas, said, at the Short¬ 
horn Breeders’ Convention at Topeka, that he 
had seen a Kirkleavington heifer sold for ?500, 
that had more humps on her thin, narrow 
back than a dromedary, and he was sure that 
without the pedigree, she would uot have 
brought $50, and would have beeu dear at 
that. The scrawniest, sickliest, most miser¬ 
able cattle he had ever seen were high-priced, 
high-bred, long-pedigreed Bates cattle, aud 
the best milkers, surest breeders, best feeders, 
and of earliest maturity were, while pure¬ 
bred, of the most unfashionable strains. He 
would give more for constitution, size aud 
shape than for pedigree. A very sensible Dr. 
he is. 
In a state of nature, the calf takes its milk 
from the darn at frequent Intervals, aud in 
small quantities at each time. The stomach 
is never overloaded, aud as a oonsequeuce, 
the calf remaius healthy aud thrives. When 
we take the matter in hand, remarks the 
Farmer’s Review, to raise calves by feeding, 
we usually reverse the rule, feed but twice a 
day in such quautity as to overload the 
stomach, uro careless about the milk being of 
the right temperature, and thou wouder that 
the bowels get out of order, and that the calf 
is unthrifty. Where it becomes necessary to 
resort to artificial methods, it is always safest 
to follow Nature’s methods as far as practic¬ 
able. This would lead us to feed often aud in 
small quautity at a time, and always with the 
milk at the temperature of the animal system, 
or about 90 degress. Three feedings a day 
are bettor than two, four would be better 
than three. _ 
The report of the Colorado (Fort Collius) 
Agricultural College lately received, says that 
Johnson Grass “bos been tried iu Kausas with, 
on the whole, satisfactory results. It is a rapid 
grower, affording three cuttings Id a seasou. 
Horses and cattle are fond of it both iu its dry 
and green condition, and do uot bloat from its 
use as is the case with Alfalfa,” Again the 
report says, “In order to test which fodder 
horses would really prefer, buuches of Johnson 
Grass, Alfalfa, common millet and Hungarian 
Grass, all In a fresh, green state, were laid 
before three animals. All of them preferred 
at first the common millet, and then, tasting 
Johnson Grass, preferred it above the rest.” 
Further on, the report says that this grass 
“comes early in the Spring aud is suporioi 
both as a grazing and hay grass.” Its reputa 
NOTTINGHAM BROWN APPLE Half Section. Fig. 202. 
sparingly dotted with white specks. It is a 
moderate regular bearer and so seldom fails 
of a crop that a gentleman in Chester County, 
Pennsylvania, who had it in bearing JO years, 
said of it: “I have Nottingham Browu apples 
whin I have any." 
Mr. W. P. Bolton, or Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, on April 21st, sent us specimens 
of this apple, which were in fine order aud 
from which we have made the cut Fig. 201, 
aud also Fig. 202, representing a cross-section. 
The apple iB large, a little flattish, of a 
greenish-yellow ground color, nearly covered 
with a grayish red, gradually deepening to a 
deep red in the sun and thickly covered with 
stripes of a deep brick-red, the surface being 
much studded with brown dots. A peculiar¬ 
ity of the striping is, that while it does not 
the cavity, that I hesitated to cut it. On 
doing so, I did not find the snow-white flesh 
of the Fameuse, yet it is a white-fleshed apple, 
with flue greenish veins, which I suppose may 
disappear later iu the season. The core i9 
small, with dark-brown, longish, sharp-point¬ 
ed seeds. It has not the Fameuse flavor,though 
so exactly like it externally, even to the 
raised line which the Fameuse shares with the 
Tolman Sweet. There iB no piquancy to the 
flavor; uor much richness. “It is a plain fla¬ 
vored” sub-acid apple, decidedly better than 
Ben Davis, and just as decidedly not more 
than “good to very good." It is so exactly 
like a Fameuse, in form and color, that it 
needs no description to those who know that 
apple. It is round-oblate, very even, with a 
medium stem and cavity aud a closed calyx, 
