4885 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
449 
the farm, four quarts Medium Red Clover, 
eight quarts Timothy and one bushel of Red 
Top is a good mixture. I recommend the 
sowing of more Red Top. As regards the 
time of seeding, if this is done with wheat or 
rye, grass seed is sown in the Fall and clover 
in Spring. Much of our seeding is done 
in Spring; but the result has been most dis¬ 
couraging. 
As to the time of cutting, Timothy should 
be cut when the blossoms are about ready to 
drop, or in full blossom, for market; for 
home, cut when first in blossom, or a little 
earlier. We cut clover when about two- 
thirds of the blossoms are brown; Red Top 
when in full blossom. Timothy should be cut 
when the dew i3 off (on a good hay day), 
raked up by one o’clock and remain in the 
windrow until 1:30 p. m , heaped loosely, and 
at four o’clock, sure, (3:3b better) all should be 
carted aud put in the barn. If it is a good, 
hot day, the hay may be put in half dry 
(when hot) and it will come out in good con¬ 
dition. Clover should be made in the heap as 
much as possible, rendering it tough so that 
the leaves will hold ou. 
Experience has told us that when grass is 
sown separately iu the Fall (turf turned over), 
sorrel will grow too rapidly and override the 
seeding. In the northern part of the State 
turnips are sowed broadcast and the ground 
seeded, with good results. This plan, how¬ 
ever, is not practiced here, but it is worthy of 
trial, being highly recommended. Seeding 
with rye ba3 been almost an entire failure. 
Wheat is better, but with thU, too, many fail¬ 
ures occur. Highly manured ground (top- 
dressed) is less liable to failure. 
Fairfield Co., Coun. D. N. van hoosear. 
for hay or pasture, and I am convinced that a 
judicious selection and the sowing of the most 
useful varieties for nay an 1 forage, would 
add several millions of dollars to the annual 
value ef the grasses of the Province, which 
even now exceed iu value any other annual 
production, not excepting the fisheries. 
CHARLES E. BROWN. 
Yarmouth, N. 8. 
50 sows any. I do not generally sow this grass 
by itself, unless it is designed for seeds. The 
following seeding for hay gives the best resul ts: 
One-and-one-half bushel of Orchard Grass, 
one peck of Medium Clover, and four quarts 
of Timothy per acre. With this seeding, ou 
rich ground, the grass can be cut for hay a3 
soon as the middle of June, ami some seasons 
a week earlier. It can be cut twice and even 
three times, if the weather is favorable fora 
good growth. This gives a large quantity of 
the very best quality of hay. It is not best to 
seed all of our meadow alike; for if we do, 
all is ready to be cut at about the same time. 
Hence I seed about nne-half with the Mam¬ 
moth Red Cloverand Timothy—two quarts of 
the former to one of the latter. One-half 
bushel per acre of this is sufficient, if put iu 
with a seeder, thus getting it on perfectly 
even. 
I very often add one pound per acre of 
Alsilce extra to my other seed, aud always 
would if I kept bees. I think the hay finer 
and of a little better quality with this clover 
added. On wet, heavy land it will stand better 
than Red Clover. I do all of my seeding with 
oats They are sown with a broad cast seeder 
at the rate of two-and-one-balf bushels per 
acre. Manure is applied after the ground has 
been plowed, and well harrowed in. No ma¬ 
nure is ever plowed under. 
In cutting and curing grass we start the 
machine about three p m., getting down sev¬ 
eral acres; if the grass is heavy, this is turned 
the next day as soon as the dew is off; then in 
the afternoon it is put iu large cocks. If large 
enough to get somewhat warm, all the better, 
as it will make several hours’ difference in 
and my own adjacent to each other in my 
grounds. Those from Mr. Purdy failed to 
bloom last season; but a careful comparison 
of the plants of the two showed no appreciable 
difference between them. An examination on 
May 29, however, while they were in full 
bloom, showed, among my own. a few bisexual 
plants: while the mass were plstillates, as has 
always been claimed to be the case with the 
Windsor, as well as with the Champion. Be¬ 
fore proceding, (as is my practice in such 
cases) to weed out these supposed interlopers, 
however, t proceeded to examine the adjacent 
plot of Windsors from Mr. Purdy, when,much 
to my surprise, l failed to fiud a pistillate 
plant among them, they being, to all appear¬ 
ances, identical with the bisexual plants dis¬ 
covered in my own plants,and so nearly alike, 
in growth, to both Windsor and Champion as 
to be indistinguishable, when out of bloom. 
It is not assuming much for the accuracy or 
carefulness of the observations of those who 
have so long differed in this matter, myself 
included; and yet it would seem quite natural 
to at least suspect that a mixture may origi¬ 
nally have been disseminated under the name 
Of Windsor; and that these varying results 
or Opinions may have grown out of the vary¬ 
ing proportions of the two occurring in the 
different plantations. I hope to hear from 
others on this subject, T. T. lyon. 
Van Buren Co.. Mich. 
TIMOTHY AND CLOVER. 
This part of Michigan is given to a mixed 
husbandry. Wheat, corn and oats are the 
principal grain crops raised, and grass and 
clover alternate with these, and are gen¬ 
erally sown with some grain crop. 
The best grass is Timothy; the best clover, 
Medium. Timothyshould be sown in the Fall 
with wheat, or in the Spring with oats—nine 
pounds per acre. Clover must be sown in 
Spring on wheat or with oats—10 pounds per 
acre. If sown together, five pounds of Timo¬ 
thy in Fall and seven pounds of clover in the 
Spring will be sufficient, or, if both are sown 
with oats iu 8priag, the same quantities of 
each will do. 
Cut Timothy just before it is in blossom; 
clover, when fully in blossom. If grown to¬ 
gether, the clover may be a little more ad¬ 
vanced at the time of cutting. In caring use 
a tedder; when well wilted (not dried), put in 
small, trim cocks to cure. This” combination 
will make the best of bay, 
Kalamazoo, Mich. emmons bttell. 
GRASS NOTES. 
For hay l use Timothy and Medium 
Clover only. I seed with growing wheat, at 
the rate of five quarts of clover and 
two quarts of Timothy per acre. Sow 
the middle of March. I never have had 
any injury from freezing, in the first 
stages of its growth, as a consequence 
of early sowing. Have never sown 
grass and clover except with growing 
crops. 
I cut when the clover is in full 
bloom, without reference to the con¬ 
dition of the Timothy. Cat, after the 
dew is off. in the morning, and rake 
k and cock as soon as well wilted, and 
let remain in the cock until cured. 
Then turn the bottom of the cocks to 
\W' the sun, long enough to air out; then 
»|jpi haul and put in mow, with as little 
^ tramping as possible. 
Liv. Co., N. Y. IRA w. GREEN. 
GOLDEN-SPANGLED POLISH COCK. 
WE show, at Fig. 219, an illiistra- 
tiob, retouched and re-engraved from 
the Live-Stock journal, of a Golden- 
Spangled Polish cock owned by Mr. 
R. C. Harrison, of Kent, England. 
This bird is regarded as one of the 
best Golden Polish cocks ever exhibit¬ 
ed. He is now four years old, and 
ha 9 won prizes for three seasons—he 
was not exhibited while a cockerel. 
This breed of fowls is not suitable 
for general purposes, but is prized for 
the beauty of plumage showu In both 
cocks and hens, and for their quiet 
disposition. Their crests add to their 
beauty, but obstruct their vision and 
render them almost defeueele&s 
against attacks from hawks oh dbgs. 
The crest grows upon a protti be ranee 
on the top of the skull, and this pro¬ 
tuberance Contains part of the brail) 
development, and owing to this fact a 
blow otl the head is peculiarly fatal. 
The plumage of the fowls is goldeu- 
bay laced with black, each feather 
being barred or spotted with black 
near or at the tip; the bars on the 
wings are laced on the edge, and end 
with a large, black spangle forming 
two distinct bars across the wings. 
The beak of the Goldeu Polish fowls 
is dark horn color, rather long ; the 
eyes are large, full aud bright. The 
legs are blue or slatey-blue. These 
fowls thrive in small yards and nar¬ 
row quarters, and are good layers aud 
non-sitters. They are more suitable 
for suburbau aud village places, than 
for farms where a wide range exposes 
them to many dangers. 
In my opinion clover hay is by far 
the best hay for milch and butter cows 
—so much better than Timothy that 
were the mows filled with Timothy, 
it wonld be better to throw it under 
the cows' feet to be trampled into ma 
nure, and buy clover, than to feed the 
Timothy. The growth of clover de¬ 
pends very much upon the soil and 
climate, and hence each locality must 
determine the rules for sowing, 
growing and harvesting it. Animals 
should not be allowed to pasture on 
clover lands early in Spring or late in 
Autumn; for in the latter case, the 
crop is likely to be winter-killed for 
want of the mulch-like protection af¬ 
forded by the late growth; and in the 
former, It is not able to regain full 
vigor during the after part of the 
season, and this is especially true if 
sheep are the pasturing stock. 
EDGAR HUIDEKOPKR. 
Meadville, Pa. 
GOLDEN SPANGLED POLISH COCK. Fig. 219. (Re-engraved from the London Live Stock Journal.) 
ORCHARD GRASS, THE BEST, 
My experience and observation with Or¬ 
chard Grass for the last 20 3 r ears, lead me to 
think it is the most valuable grass we have. 
This morning (apple trees not yet iu bloom), I 
measured, in several places, grass of this va¬ 
riety that was two feet six inches high; the 
heads just appeal ing. Medium Clover was one 
foot, and Timothy only 10 inches. Grass that 
can make such a rapid growth so early in the 
season, ought to be on every farm for early 
pasture. After liaviug beeu eateu off, it 
grows faster than any grass we have. It also 
makes the very best of hay, if cut as soon as 
it is fully headed, or before it is out of the 
bloom ; although, if allowed to stand until 
fully ripe, it is still preferable to Timothy; 
for it has 10 times as many leaves, which will 
keep green until killed by frost. Orchard 
Grass withstands drought remarkably well, 
but it will die out if covered with water for 
long at a time. Any land suitable for winter 
wheat is good for this grass. I am now feed¬ 
ing my horses on early-cut Orchard Grass hay 
two years old. It is eutlrely free from dust, 
and as sweet and green as when first cut. 
If 1 could have only one kind of grass for all 
of my seeding, it would be Orchard Grass. 
Yet with its many superior qualities, in com- 
p ariton with other grasses, not one farmer in 
curing when stirred out. If rather green 
when put in the cock, it should stand uutil the 
second day Do not put hay into the mow 
green enough to heat. Hay that is to be fed 
to cattle or sheep or young growing stock of 
any kind, should be only well cured \jrass. I 
wish every farmer that reads the Rural 
would, this season, cut a few acres of grass 
justasaoou as fully headed, and compare its 
feeding value with that of hay that is cut a few 
%veeks later, and report the results of this test. 
Chenango Co., N. Y. w. s. MOORE. 
--■ - 
GRASS GROWING IN CONNECTICUT. 
This subject of grass is very important to 
us. For the past few years we have been 
driveu to many experiments iu this section, 
and our attention has beeu especially turned 
to the raising of hay for market, which de¬ 
mands clear Timothy. There has beeu much 
trouble in growing this. The seed sown has 
come up well, but on account of the continued 
drought duriug our Summer, the grass dried 
up and died for want of moisture. Clover has 
been the same. For hay for market, Timothy 
is raised exclusively; for consumption on the 
farm, a variety of grasses is needed. Red 
Top does well, and makes good feed; it is not 
bo apt to dry ujf as Timothy. For use ou 
GRASSES IN NOVA SCOTIA. 
In this Province, Herd’s Grass and Red Clover 
seeds are used almost exclusively in laying 
down land for hay—at least such is the case iu 
this county, and in the advertisements of 
seeds in Halifax, the chief source of supply 
for the greater part of the Province, no other 
kinds are named. The seed is usually sown 
in April with oats, which are cut when in 
the milk and yield a large crop which is cured 
and fed as hay; the following season a good 
grass crop may be expected. Fall sowiug of 
grass seed is sometimes tried, but, as a rule, 
we have so little snow during tho Winter, 
that this method is not very successful. The 
rale for cutting is to cut when ia bloom, and 
of late yeai’s there is great improvement on 
this poiut. My own rule is to cut as soon 
after Juue 80th as weather permits Light 
grasses are theu at their best, the day3 are 
lougest, aud it is iu advance of our average 
foggy season. All grasses left too long un¬ 
cut become dry, woody and worthless. 
We have abundant rains throughout the 
year, frequent fogs in the summer months, and 
heavy dews, so most grasses grow with great 
luxuriance. In making a collection of grasses 
for our last exhibitiou, I found SO varieties, 
nearly all about my own place, valuable either 
Agriculture in France.—The French 
Ministry of Agriculture has issued bulletins 
of information since 1881. Eight numbers 
were issued last year, averaging about 100 
pages with full index. The first number for 
1385 ha3 appeared, containing 120 pages, and 
there will be probably nine others, or 1.500 to 
1,600 pages in all, costing 12 rraaes at the 
librairic of Hachette & Co., Paris. The 
Freuch do much for the noble reward of 
glory, aud the nominations and promotions to 
the different grades of the Legion of Honor, 
and the Order of Agricultural Merit, for 
emiuent aud continued services to the public 
interest, occupy the first 12 pages. Then fol¬ 
lows the acceptance of the bequest of the 
widow of the Marquis de Gueidau, of the cha¬ 
teau of Valabre, with its lauds aud ot her prop¬ 
erties for the establishment of au agronomic 
iustitute. half of the pupils of whicU are to be 
admitted from tno Department of the Mouths 
