1888 
439 
$uval Western |t. 1. Javm gjotcss. 
SELECTION OF FEEDING STUFFS. 
MORE POINTS OF CONSIDERATION. 
In our investigations incidental to making 
choice of feeding stuffs, second only to the 
effect which their consumption will have 
upon the growth or productions of the 
animals, we must not fail to consider their 
effect upon the richness of the manure 
pi'e. In other words, we must look to the 
amount which the feeding of each would 
add, of those elements of plant growth, 
in which our fields are each year becoming 
more and more deficient and which we must, 
in some way, supply, if we would maiutain 
the ability of our land to produce profitable 
crops. 
It is a very fortunate provision of nature 
that the great bulk of every animal is made 
up of carbon, lime, hydrogen and oxygen, 
those constituents of plants which are most 
abundant and which, except the lime, are 
very largely obtained from the air and water; 
and that of the nitrogen, potash and phospho¬ 
ric acid—the three essential elements of plant 
growth most diflleult to obtain—but a very 
small proportion of what is contained in the 
food is taken up and permanently retained, 
especially by a mature auimal. 
A fair estimate to put upon the value of the 
nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid passing 
through the animal to the manure heap, is 
the cost at which the same constituents could 
be placed upon the farm, were we to purchase 
them in some form of chemical fertilizer. 
For instance, were we to purchase a ton of 
linseed meal, we would obtain about 700 
pounds of albuminoids, or flesh" and muscle- 
forming elements, of which the manure 
(liquid and solid) of the animals fed upon it, 
would contain about 70 pounds of nitrogen; 
It would also contain about 2-1 pounds of pot¬ 
ash and 30 pounds of phosphoric acid. These, 
bought iu their cheapest form iu chemical 
manures, would cost, delivered upon most 
farms, not less than 19 cents per pound for 
nitrogen, six eenisfor potash, and 10 cents for 
phosphoric acid. At these pricesthe nitrogen 
contained in tho manure resulting from the 
feediug of the ton of liuseed meal, would be 
worth $13 30; the potash 81,40, aud the phos¬ 
phoric acid $3, making the total value of the 
three $17.70. A ton of wheat bran would 
contain about 290 pounds of albuminoids (of 
which the manure would retain, for applica¬ 
tion to the fields, nitrogen 44 pounds, worth 
$8.36); potash 29 pounds, worth 81 70, and 
phosphoric acid 61 pounds, worth 80.10, mak¬ 
ing its msmirial value 810.10. In a ton of 
cotton seed meal we would have 840 pounds of 
albuminoids (from which we should have, in 
the manure pile, 120 pounds of nitrogen, 
worth 822.60); 40 pounds, of potash (worth 
82.40) and 00 pounds Of phosphoric acid, worth 
86, making au aggregate plaut-growing value 
of 831. 
A ton of malt sprouts would afford 459 
pounds of albuminoids, leaving iu the manure 
30 pounds of nitrogen, worth 80.84; the manure 
would also contain 40 pounds of potash, worth 
$2.40. aud 25 pounds of phosphoric acid, worth 
$2 50, or worth for the ton, $11,74. A ton of 
beans or peas, wBieh are somewhat, similar to 
each other, contains about 500 pounds of albu¬ 
minoids (from which the manure would get 40 
pounds of nitrogen, worth $7.00); 24 pounds 
of potash, worth $1.44, and 23 pounds of phos 
phoric acid, worth $2.30, making its value, 
$11 34. Of corn meal a ton would supply our 
animals with 212 pounds of albuminoids, of 
which wo should have of nitrogen to return to 
the fields only about 15 pounds,worth $2 85; of 
potash we get? pounds, worth 43 cents, and 11 
pounds of phosphoric acid,worth $1.10. making 
the total cost of supplying its manurial consti¬ 
tuents only $4 36. Besides these elemeuts, as 
above shown, we get in each of these feeding 
stuffs a large amount of residue, containing 
more or less of the other mineral constituents 
of all plants, and a large amount of organic* 
matter made up of carbon, eto., to say noth¬ 
ing of the very material benefit to bo derived 
from its mechanical action upon the soil, 
enough we think in every case to much more 
than balance the labor of caring for and prop¬ 
erly applying the manure to the fields. 
It may be objected that these are extreme 
values, and that very much of it would be lost 
or wasted before the residue reaches the soil. 
We answer, these are the elements act¬ 
ually contained, as shown by repeated analy¬ 
ses, aud to purchase and apply them in auy 
other form would certainly cost the sums here 
named; and that our soils do need them is too 
clearly proven by the universal cry of poor 
and failing crops, in those sections of the 
country once noted for their enormous yields; 
aud there is no section of any country, no 
matter how rich it may be now,where proper 
attention is not paid to returning these ele¬ 
ments to the soil, in which repeated croppings 
will not sooner or later render the land so 
deficient that further attempts to farm it 
must prove unprofitable. That the people 
carelessly neglect to give the manure proper 
attention, that itisallowed to heat and poison 
the air with its escaping gases, and that every 
rivulet and stream is colored and polluted 
with its wasting richness, does not in the least 
alter the fact, or weaken the force of our po¬ 
sition. It only shows the ignorance that ex¬ 
ists, and the uced of more correct knowledge. 
The constant fleet of ships at our wharves, 
loading with teu thousands of tons of those 
feeding stuffs,rich in the very elements needed 
to make farming a success, are bearing from 
our starved fields the very key to their full 
renovation. At the same time, every stock- 
train that passes eastward, contains hundreds 
of animals no more than half fat; to which, if 
judiciously fed, and the mauure carefully 
saved, those same foods would afford not only 
a profit to the feeder, but would be returned 
to, and enrich our fields, instead of going to 
enrich those of the Old World. 
A common method of cheating, not in coun¬ 
try places only, but even, more perhaps, in 
towns and cities, is practiced by fellows who 
go about peddling goods which they allege 
have been smuggled into the country. As no 
duty has been paid on them, they can be sold 
very cheap. Fabrics for dresses for men and 
women, cigars, umbrellas, pipes, etc., etc., 
are the stock in trade of these rascals. They 
are usually very confidential in their dealings, 
and beg ibeir intended dupes not to betray 
them. In 99 cases out of 100; ves, in 999 out 
of 1,000, the prices at which they offer their 
wares are much higher than those at which a 
similar class of goods are sold iu the stores. Is 
it likely that these frauds would run the risk 
of arrest for dealing in smuggled goods? 
Sometimes they are arrested by the revenue 
officers, but they never have any difficulty in 
securing a prompt acquittal by proving that 
the goods they sell are home made. There is 
no legal penalty for lying; if there were— 
There is a streak of dishonesty in tho character 
of many who would be highly indignant if 
charged with it. The worst of this class be¬ 
come ‘‘fences"—receivers of stolen goods A 
more timid or less dishonest section, will 
readily buy goods which they know or suspect 
have been stolen. A good bargaiu is a won¬ 
derful soother of conscience with them. Others 
have no conscience whatever about, cheating 
the revenue. High-toucd visitors to Europe, 
who couut their dollars by hundreds of thous¬ 
ands, are callous in this line, as the frequent 
seizures of smuggled goods at our ports show 
every week, to say nothiug of the dishonesty 
which is held merely iu check by gaugers and 
other internal revenue officials. The hnyers 
of goods alleged to have been smuggled exem¬ 
plify the trait also. Where so mauy really 
deserving cases appeal for sympathy, the 
losses incurred by these people hardly merit 
pity. They knowingly deal with swindlers 
with much practice iu their roguery, why re¬ 
gret that they are cheated? To most people 
there's a chuckling satisfaction in sight of the 
“biter bitten." 
A very common sort of swindle of which 
farmers are often the victims, though it is 
sometimesalso - ‘played’'upon dwellers in towns 
and cities, is thus described by a friend in 
Abilene, Kansas; “About Feb, l last, M. S. 
Miller and E. ilagemau scooped iu about $300 
from the residents in this place on what they 
styled The Origiual Cameo Oil Painting. They 
showed specimen pictures, saying that they 
could teach auyoue to paint pictures just as 
good; but the would be artist must pay them 
$9,50 for au “outfit.” The swludlo begins 
just here, as not more than half of what is 
promised isseut. The picture to be copied is 
placed between two pieces of glass, and is 
painted on that opposite the face of the en¬ 
graving. The fellows claimed to be author¬ 
ized agents for Kansas aud Nebraska, but a 
letter to G, M. Luttrell, Chicago, Ill., said to 
be tho present owner of the process, formerly 
owned by Marcus S. Miller of Perrysvfile, 
Ohio, inquiring about the truth of these 
claims, failed to get an answer.” This is much 
of a piece with the advertising photograph 
swindles so often exposed hero. How can any¬ 
body own such a process? 
Here are some new aliases ©f W. H. Sizar, 
of this city: The Bijou Novelty Co ;the War¬ 
ren Jewelry Co., and the Bijou Photograph 
Co., all of this city. His latest dodge is as 
bare-faced a journalistic swindle as the Cin¬ 
cinnati Ledger or Oc©an to Ocean,' or the 
Chicago. Illinois Agriculturist. It is called 
the Kentucky Farmer, which claims to be 
published at Louisville, Ky.; price 50 cents a 
year. He advertised the paper liberally; 
promised presents vaiying in value from 10 
ceDts to $10,000; published one Dumber of the 
paper, with no intention of ever publishing 
another; scooped in all the 50 cent subscrip¬ 
tions sent in by greedy gulls, returned to this 
city with his subscription list having taken 
measures to have the Keutucky Farmer mail 
sent to him in New York. 
To Many Inquirers: We do not recom¬ 
mend the American Chemical Works, of New 
Bedford, Mass.The Standard Silver¬ 
ware Company, of Boston, Mass., is a hum¬ 
bug which has been several times mentioned 
here iu anything but complimentary terms... 
....The Crystallized Photo Company, of Cin¬ 
cinnati, Ohio, is one of the photographic 
swindles we are almost tired of exposing aud 
denouncing.We should not invest a 
dollar, or one-hundreth part of it, in The 
Principal & Dividend Security Company of 
this city. On reading its nice invitation to 
invest, one is inevitably' reminded of: 
“ 'Will you walk Into my parlor?’ said the spider to 
to the fly: 
•’Tls the prettiest little parlor that ever yon dirt 
spy.’ ” 
.The Humphrey’s Homeopathic Medical 
Co. is a “square” concern. Their medicines 
are the best of their kind.The Foreign 
Art & Loan Exchange, Cincinnati, Ohio, is a 
swindle. Its offer of loans at four per cent, is 
a mere bait to gudgeons. This form of 
swindling the silly and greedy Is practiced 
more in Cincinnati than in any other city in 
the Union. Indeed, so numerous and various 
are the swindles whose headquarters are there, 
that we would strongly advise our frienos to 
have nothing to do with concerns that adver¬ 
tise through the mail from that place, and the 
less they have to do with enterprises that ad¬ 
vertise from there through the newspapers, 
the less money and temper they will lose 
through rogues aud sharpers. Chicago will 
have to look sharp, or the notoriety of being 
the capital of Swindlerdom will be filched 
from her by Porkopolis.. 
.. Gay Brothers & Co , of this city, are 
extensive publishers of “subscription books.” 
They hold a high position amoug publishers 
of this kind, and their credit is “good.”. 
We don’t recommend the Kensington Art 
Company of Boston.The firm of James 
McCreery & Co., of this city, is one of the 
largest dry goods houses here, and is, of 
course, entirely trustworthy.We can’t 
recommend the Eureka Jewelry Company, of 
this city.Iu answer to several inquiries 
about the standing of various insurance com¬ 
panies in different States, we must advise 
our friends to write for information to the 
Superintendent of the Insurance Department 
at the capital of each State. This is our only 
way of obtaining information, and each of our 
friends, being a citizen of his State, can claim 
such information as a right: whereas we, be¬ 
ing strangers, have to ask for it as a courtesy. 
So many bogus insurance companies are now 
seeking to swindle the public, that we would 
strongly urge our friends to be very careful to 
find out the stauding of any in which they 
may intend to insure either their property or 
lives. Special caution should bo exercised 
against what are known as “mutual benefit” 
associations. Some of these are ably and 
honestly conducted ; but many' others are 
fraudulently carried on, and sure, sooner or 
later, to swindle their policy holders. It re¬ 
quires little or no capital to start or carry 
them on. The managers are generally irre¬ 
sponsible iu character and purse. Policy 
holders have to rely' ou their honesty, how¬ 
ever—often a reliance on a nonentity. The 
best way to find out. about all insurance com¬ 
panies, is to appy to the official Insurance 
Superintendent of each State. It is his busi¬ 
ness to keep posted ou the financial standing 
of each company, and the way in which it 
conducts its business; and unless be can speak 
favorably of a company, the public should 
have no dealings with it. 
.The New York & Havana Cigar Com¬ 
pany, of this city, is reported to have a capital 
of $500,000 to $1,000,000, and should therefore 
be reliable to the amount, of auy dealings our 
readers are likely to have with it. Of late> 
however, it is the apparently very wealthy 
concerns that have proved tho biggest frauds 
when the crash has come.We have 
several times said here that the Home Guest, 
of Hartford, Conn , iB not a humbug. 
We do not believe in tho virtues claimed for 
the Great Acme Peuetratrix, for rendering 
stumps inflammable. Wo haven't tried the 
thing, however, but we have learned to de¬ 
tect a humbug with a degree of assurance 
that is rarely at fault. It may have sorn© 
merit, but we believe petroleum, saltpeter or 
sulphur has more.YTe don’t recommend 
Leisure Hours, published at Chicago. 
Burns & Russ, Torouto, Canada, say their 
offer of sending the F ixeside Friend six months 
free for 10 cents in silver to pay postage, be¬ 
sides offering several valuable premiums 
worth from $10 to $400. is “no fraud or 
swindle.” We don't believe them.The 
New England Homestead cautions farmers 
about dealing with the United States and 
C«nada Co operative Fertilizer Company, 
with headquarters at Boston. By following 
the advice of the Homestead with regard to 
such matters, one is always on the safe side.. 
... Again we caution our friends against the 
representations of M. Young, Greenwich 
Street, N. Y. Deal with him if yon want a 
little excitement in the way of getting mad at 
deception.We have refused to advertise 
F. S. Avery, Williamsburg, N. Y.; The 
Leisure Hour, Chicago, Ill.; and the Water¬ 
bary Timekeeper, (we do not not refer to the 
Waterbary watch)..,. We do not recommend 
“Dr. Simpson’s Ear Lotion” advertised chief¬ 
ly through the mails, by F. H. Nicholson, of 
this city. It is for the use of those who em¬ 
ploy patent ear drums, the elastic of which is 
to be wet with the stuff We have been re¬ 
ceiving inquiries about this for somp time, but 
waited to obtain information before answer¬ 
ing. From what we have learned we would 
certainly not advise anyhody to use it. We 
have known two cases of deafness which have 
been aggravated by its employment, and we 
can learn of none that has been benefited by 
it. The ear is aWery delicate organ; but 
some people treat it as if it were of wrought 
iron, on which all sorts of experiments could 
be safely tried. 
‘flftistellcmmtg. 
STATE AND PROVINCIAL FAIRS. 
1885. 
Ohio, Columbus.Auer. SI. Sep.. S 
Delaware, Dover.Sept. 2S, Oct- a 
Illinois, Chicago..Sept. 14, IS 
Illinois Knt Stock, Chtraeo.Nov. in, 19 
Indiana, InHanaoolls.Sept 7S, 0<-t. S 
town, Des Moines .Sept. 4. 11 
Kansu*,Lawrence....Sept.7, 12 
Kansns, Topeka . Sept 14.19 
Kentucky, r extncron .. .Au«. 25.59 
Massachusetts Horticultural, Boston.Sept, in, is 
Minnesota, St. Paul., —..Sept. 7.12 
Minneapolis Industrial. Auk. Si.Sent.S 
Nebraska. Lincoln .Sept. II, IS 
New York, Albany .Sept in, IS 
Ontario Provincial, London.Sept. 7 1' 
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.Sept 23. Oci.7 
Rhode Providence..Sept 21,2% 
St. Louis Imposition.Sept 9. Oct. 24 
South Carolina Columbia.......Nov to. is 
Vermont, Rnrllncton. .Sept. 7 11 
West Virginia. Wheeling.Sent 7.12 
West Virginia Central. Clarksburg.Sept. 22, 29 
Wl«con«ln. Madison .Sent 7, it 
Virginia, Richmond .Oct. 21,22 
Michigan. Kalamazoo.Sept. 14, IS 
Montana, Helena ..Aug. 74 29 
Oregon. Salem .Sept. - ?1,’ 3S 
Kan city Inter Slat- Fair. Kan. City .Mo., Sept. 14. 19 
New England Fair, Ranger, Me.Sept 1 5 
Missouri. St Louis.Oct. 5, id 
Graticer’- Ptenlo, Williams* drove, Mechan- 
iesburgh. Pa ....... .Aug. 71. Sept. 3 
New Jersey. Waverly.... . Sept. 14 19 
Maine Lewlslon ..Sept. 2’. 25 
Industrial Exposition, Toronto. Can. Sept. 9, is 
Trt-Stnte K*!r Toledo ..Sept. 7, |9 
No. Inrt. and So. ilich.. South Bend. lud_Sept. 2L 2fi 
AN APPRECIATIVE WORD. 
I have been taking the Rural for two 
years, and now, without the slightest wish to 
flatter the owners. I want to say that it has 
continued to improve with every passing 
month. 
A newspaper, like au individual, must, in 
order to achieve the highest success, estab¬ 
lish a character for inflexible honesty: this 
the Rural has done; hence its old readers 
will stay with it. and can in all good con¬ 
science ask others to join them. 
Cadiz, O. S. Y. KENNEDY. 
grandmother’s harvest drink. 
One quart of water, one tablespoonful of 
ginger, three tablespoon fills of sugar, one-half 
pint of vinegar. j. f. e. 
BOOKS RECEIVED. 
Ska Air and Sea Bathing. By John H. 
Packard, M. D. F. Blakistou & Co , Phila¬ 
delphia, Pa., publishers. Price, 50 cents. 
This is one of the American Health Primers, 
and shows the good as well as the ill effects of 
bathing: giving instructions, which are much 
needed, by the lovers of the bath. 
How to Drain a Hopse. Practical In¬ 
formation for Householders By R»o. 
E Waring. Jr M. Tnst C. E Henry Holt 
& Co , New York, publishers. Price, $1 25. 
In these days of excessively had drainage, 
there exists a great necessity for all informa¬ 
tion upon the subject. This is a work written 
by a practical Engineer, who evidently knows 
what he is talking about. 
The Century. The C-nturv Co . Publish¬ 
ers, S3 East 17th 8>t., New York City. 
We have received from the publishers of 
this magazine a well and tastefully bound 
volume of six months’ issues.commencing with 
November. ISM, and including April.1S85. No 
one who values fine engravings, good stories, 
instructive reading, with a dash or two of the 
poetical, can fail to enjoy this magazine, 
bound or unbound. It is a mineof wealth to all 
thinkers; and there could be no work more de 
serving of a shelf in one’s library than a set of 
this magazine bound .in'.uniform style. 
