the berries fall into the hopper and are then 
winnowed and run over a sieve to remove the 
leaves. This machine might work for gather¬ 
ing fruit for drying pur poses, but could scarce 
ly be used for market fruit 
The grape crop was reported as very large 
in each of the grape regions of New York 
about Keuka Lake, 400,000 baskets of Con¬ 
cords, 250,000 of Catawbas and 150,000 of Del¬ 
awares and over 7,000 Niagaras were shipped. 
The Lake Brie grape region bad marketed 
.'(,800 tons or 7,000,000 pounds, which had nett¬ 
ed the growers cents per pound. Equally 
satisfactory reports were made from the Hud¬ 
son River region. 
In a paper on potato culture, Mr. E. S. 
Goff, of Geneva, said it is a fact that potatoes 
under the present system of culture do run 
out, arul no wonder, as no sort of selection is 
ever made in the potatoes used for planting, 
la every case in which he had used potatoes 
from the best hills and the poorest for plaut- 
iug, those from the best had giveu the best re¬ 
sults. Even the smallest potatoes from the 
best hills had given much larger yields than 
the largest potatoes from the poorest hills. 
With whole tubers aud single eyes, eveu 
where the weight of seeds was the same, the 
whole tuber gave the best results. Partial 
drying after cutting was always attended with 
an iuerease of yield. 
On “Rose Culture,” Mr, Dunning, of Au¬ 
burn, reeommeuded hybrid perpetual roses as 
the best of all for general culture, and said 
they could be easily grown by everybody 
who would give them rich laud aud a little 
care. The soil of a rose bed should lie at least 
two feet deep and provided with good drain¬ 
age—no danger of making it too rich, and 
every rose bed should have a coat of well 
rotted manure each fall. Liquid manure 
works wonders in causiug roses to bloom; 
half a bushel of cow mauure to a barrel of wa¬ 
ter is a good proportion: apply in the evening. 
Evergreen boughs are the best of all material 
for winter protection, Marshall P. Wilder is 
the best, of all hardy roses; Louise Pan Houtte 
the best dark; Eugene Verdier the best among 
light roses; Buroness Rothschild the most 
popular rose; La France the best hybrid tea 
rose. 
Mr. J. J. Thomas said we are likely to lose 
all knowledge of many of our native trees, 
and ho offered a resolution requesting nil in¬ 
stitutions of learning which have grounds to 
plaut a full collection suitable to the climate, 
and to call the attention of their students to 
the same. 
Dr. Lintner read a very able paper ou 
aphides. lie said these insects, many of which 
are so small as to be invisible to the naked 
eye, cause millions of dollars’ worth of dam¬ 
age to the fruit growers. Iu using kerosene 
emulsions, great care should be taken to have 
the oil completely emulsified, otherwise serious 
injury would result, as when the water lmd 
evaporated free kerosene would bo left upou 
the trees, aud the least amount of this is des¬ 
tructive to plant life. He greatly preferred 
the Use of whale oil soap as a destroyer of 
aphides. In speaking of the honey dew so 
prevalent last season upon pear trees, he said 
it is usually the exudation of aphides of some 
sort, although it was claimed that sometimes 
it resulted from some disease of the leaf of 
pear trees. 
On the question of cold storage for fruit, it 
was the gouural testimony that fruit which 
had been kept in ice houses must be used im¬ 
mediately after being taken out, and that for 
the growers’ use it is better to depend upon 
ventilation than iee to produce the desired 
cold. 
Prof. Scribner, of the Department of Agri¬ 
culture, Washington, in a paper on fungi, 
said that while sulphate of copper aud lime, 
applied separately, had very little if any ef¬ 
fect in preventing mildew, the combination 
of the two had entirely prevented it. A good 
formula was to dissolve one pound sulphate of 
copper iu two gallons of water. Blake two 
pounds of good lime in the same quantity of 
water aud then mix the solutions, when the 
mixture should be thoroughly applied to vine 
and foliage. Another method of application 
is to dissolve L6!>£ pounds of sulphate in the 
smallest quantity of water possible; also to 
slake si x pounds of lime in the least water to 
have it, when slaked, in a liquid form. Mix 
those thoroughly and dry. Wheu dry 
crush and powder. The powder can be blown 
over foliage, fruit and vines. 
Prof. Roberts said open barn-yards for man¬ 
ure are the last relics of barbarism, aud have 
yearly cost our farmers an enormous loss of 
food aud (lush. They are also groat wasters 
of manure. Glover is tbo great renovator 
for the farm und orchard. To produce the 
best effects clover should be left one year bo 
fore being plowed in. At seven and-one-hnlf 
months from sowing, be hud found clover roots 
three feet blow the surface. Atone year he 
had fouud them one-sixteenth iuch iu diame¬ 
ter 42 .inches below the surface, aud there 
were over two tons of roots per acre worth at 
least $18 as plant food. He asked why can’t 
we adopt the Lord’s method of enriching the 
land by growing plants aud then consuming 
such plants on the farm so as to return the 
the manure to the soil i Mr. Woodward said 
he would go further and improve tbo Lord’s 
method: he would not only feed the plants 
grown ou the farm to auimals, but he would 
buy tous aud tons of such rich feeding stuffs 
as bran, gluten meal, com meal and oil meals 
as additional feed, so that he might have the 
more manure. When we buy a ton of bran, 
for instance, we are buying at least nine or 
ten dollars’ worth of plant food; or when we 
buy a ton of new-process linseed meal, we are 
getting as much as $18 or $19 worth of plant 
food, aud bo is not much of a farmer who 
cannot so use these foods as to have the plant 
food left iu the manure as profit. 
Iu a discussion on new fruits, it was said 
that the Mory grape was identical with the 
Lindley. The Niagara was very highly com¬ 
mended as a market grape, and on a vote be¬ 
ing taken for the best two grapes of each, 
white, red and black, the Niagara received 
Pimtlatwcfusf gulMrtteittg, 
WILLIAMS & CLARK CO.’S 
HIGH GRADE GONE FERTILIZERS 
No Fertilizer Selling at the Same Price Shows 
as High Valuation. It Leads All Others, 
Potato Fertilizer 
Contains all the Plant Food necessary for a large 
crop of potatoes. 
I "Out of some an varieties of Potatoes exhibited at the 
Fair or the Farmlugiou Valley Agricultural .Society held 
this FaU. sixteen firsi premiums were awarded to varieties 
grown ou your Speclnl Potato Fertilizer. This must show 
It is superior to the others " 
S. E. Brown. Canton Center, Conn. 
FERTILIZEBS FOR ALL CROPS. 
SEND FOR CIRCULARS. 
Principal Office, Cotton Exchange Building, N. Y. 
For" Salt by* Local Jf'tnlt, 
more votes than any other one variety. The 
Jessie Strawberry was well spoken of, as was 
the Industry Gooseberry. Shipper’s Pride 
was commended as a good-looking, hardy, 
productive plum and fine for market; but its 
season brings it in competition with the great¬ 
est glut of peaches. This plum was pronounced 
identical with the Byron. The Field Plum 
was thought much like Bradshaw, but 10 days 
earlier. Warner’s Late or Middleburg, was 
declared a good plum aud would dry down 
like primes without rotting. “Stanton” was 
mentioned as a new late plum of great prom¬ 
ise. Kelsey’s Japan was pronounced very 
tender and not to lie planted north of Sout hern 
Virginia,Tennessee or Arkansas. Plum planters 
would do well to stiek a piu here. Prunus Si- 
raoni is hardy everywhere, but worthless in 
quality. The Early Harvest Blackberry was de¬ 
nounced as entirely too tender for planting; it 
is killed every winter to the ground or 
snow line. The Luerutia Dewberry is hand¬ 
some and productive, but of very poor quality. 
The following resolution was passed unani¬ 
mously. Resolved: That we regard the annual 
seed distribution by the Department of Agri¬ 
culture as a waste of the people’s mouey, an in¬ 
sult to the persons to whom the seeds are sent 
and a disgrace to the intelligence of the nation, 
and we demand its abolition, or at least that 
it shall no longer be made in the name of 
agriculture. Resolved: That a copy be sent 
to each of the members of Congress from 
Western New York. 
At a late hour on Thursday night the meet¬ 
ing adjourned, all satisfied that this had been 
evidently a successful meeting and sorry only 
that it was over. “w.” 
Sub’octs tha sell te tbo aotta «f i Steel Crasher sad leveler. and to the Crashiaj, Csttiag, Liftisg, Taming Process of 
Isnblo iisgs of Cist Stool:miters. Ccttlsg p:xar la iommie. Absosce of Cplioa or Spring Tooth irsicc pacing np rubbish. 
Only Harrow that cuts over tbo ontiro surface of ;no grruil 
Sixes, 8 to 15 it. wide. >Vltb and without Sulky attachment. We deliver free at Distributing Depots. 
DO NOT BE DECEIVED* Don’t let dealers palm off a base Imitation or 
w some inferior tool under the assurance that it is better. SATISFY YOURSELF 
BY ORDERING AN *• ACME ” ON TRIAL. VVe will send a double gaug Acnio 
'i'll 14 1 to any responsible farmer in the United States; if it does not suit, he may send it 
■*■*"*■back, we paying return freight. We don't ask pay until tried on his own rarm. 
Send for pitinpUlel containing thouauinls of testimonials irom instates and Territories, 
„ Branch Officf: I"") I I A N F I— I M AQ14 Manufactory «. Principal Office, 
540 So, Clark St, CHICAGO. U N C, 11* IN /Aorlj Milliuulon, Xeiv Jersey. 
-5. R- — “TILLAGE IS MAE ERE” and other essays sent free to parties who SAME THIS TAPER. 
No one owning Farm.Vineyard.HopYard orOrchard 
ciiu afford to be without it. Will plow 5 acres per 
day easily. Adapted to all soils, and does not clog. 
®2" Agents Wanted. Send for Circulars. 
IAS, VICK, 
PRES'T. 
J.N.Wiuiams, 
SEC. i MAN. ‘ 
ROCHESTER PLOW CO. Rochester, NT. 
THE BEST MILL ON EARTH. 
AVSjtjTyk Sf K For grinding Ear Corn, Shelled Corn, Oats, and all 
small Grain. Grinding Plates. A Special Metal hard 
l M ns SteeL Have Douole Capacity, as they Sharpen 
Themselves on being reversed, which Is done by 
simply Running; Mill in Opposite Direction. 
4; Provided with a Pin Breaker, which prevents dam- 
*] ;' age should Iron accidentally go Into the Mill. Sent on 
| trial to responsible parties, and each Mill folly guar- 
anteed. Sent! for Illustrated Catalogue. 
THE FOOS M’F’G CO.. SPRINGFIELD. OHIO. 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, 
[Every Query must be accompanied by the name 
nnd address of the writer to Insure attention. Before 
asking a Question, please see If it Is not answered In 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few questions at 
ouo time. Put Questions on a separate piece of paper.] 
SPRING VEGrETABUES ancl PEOWERS 
Also EARLY AND PRIME TOBACCO BEI) PLANTS. 
Farmkhs. OAnr.KNK.u>, and Florists. nse the PATENT PROTECTING CLOTH originated nnd prepared only 
by under-signed. It la equal to glass sash <and costs but tenth os much on Cold Frames and Hot Beds, and 
for Tobacco Plant Beds has no equal. Protects from foist. Promotes hardy aud rapid orowth. Don't 
shrink or decay rapidly. Widely known, strongly endorsed, and freely used by Large growers. Retails 
forS, (i, and 9 cts per yard, and Is :*ti Inches wide Send for circulars. Samples, etc., free. 
I'. H, Vt \TEK PROOFING I I HUE CO.. 3$ SOI l'H STREET, NEW YORK. 
SOWING GRASS AND CLOVER SEED; ROLLING 
GRASS AND WHEAT LAND IN SPRING, 
D. B. S ., Greenville , Ky. —1. What is the 
best method of sowiug grass and clover seed 
ou growing wheat where there is nothing to 
sow by' 2. Would sowing on snow he advis¬ 
able? 3. Some agricultural writers recom¬ 
mend running a roller over wheat and grass 
lands iu the spring, elairfiing a benefit derived 
by pressing the roots into the soil, aud mak¬ 
ing the land better to work over; is this cor¬ 
rect? 
ANSWERED BY WALDO F. BROWN. 
This question is a little indefinite, as “me¬ 
thod” may refer to several things; but I will 
speak of those which are most essential. Early 
Heeding is always safest, aud 1 recommend 
that the seed lie sown ou a frozen surface when 
the weather is such that one is sure of a thaw 
during the flay, which will cause the seed to 
stick fast, so os not to be washed into hunches 
by a rain. It ought to he sown early enough 
so a-s to bo sure to be covered by subsequent 
freezes before there is auy weather worm 
enough to make it sprout. Grass or clover 
seed lyiug on the surface will sprout, early 
from a warm raiuor a few days of bright suu, 
and then may be killed by it sharp freeze fol¬ 
lowing, but if fairly covered by thawing and 
freezing, it will not come up until the right 
time. I should recommend the last of Febru- 
PERFECTION IN BUTTER MAKING 
1/ OUTFIT «g 
if J ML EXCELS ^ 
H u I % , THEM ALL. 
O. K. CREAMERY 
Has the largest cooling surface, takes t-sa 
(Continued on page 106.) 
