^t ry h.o 
Yol. XLYI. No. 1944 
NEW YORK, APRIL 30, 1887 
PRICE FIVE CENTS. 
$•’.00 PER YEAR. 
Entered, according to Act of Congress, In the year 18S7, by the Reral New-Yorker, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, 
daughters of this remarkable bull. Sir Rich¬ 
ard 2d was bred by Jno. H. Arkwright, Esq., 
Hampton Green, Leominster, Herefordshire, 
and was imported in July, 1870, by Mr. 
Merry man, and died in the possession of C. M. 
Culbertson Esq., in 1884, leaving a progeny 
unequaled by that of any Hereford bull ever 
imported. This is admitted by all Hereford 
breeders, and is especially true of females. To 
establish her reputation, it is sufficient to say 
of a cow, “She is by Sir Richard,” 
finding business dull, and growing duller. The 
Association has now in this city seven large 
red, barn-like buildings scattered In the most 
densely populated wards, at which meat 
“brought directly from the ranges” is sold at 
a somewhat lower figure than those charged 
by neighboring butchers. The latter say that 
very little of this meat comes from the West, 
as nearly the whole of it is bought from 
wholesale butchers i" this city, and as it is 
bought in large quantities it can be got for six 
cents a pound, while it retails for nine, the 
cost of distribution being cent. Each 
store requires 10 attendants, and only about 
30 head of cattle a day are now sold; andasthe 
expenses are at least $33,000 a year, 100 a day 
should be sold to make a profitable business. 
Lately the Marquis, who is an honest enthu¬ 
siast in the enterprise, advertised extensively, 
in the press and by circulars, the formation 
of a large company with a capital of $10,000,000 
to extend the business. The shares were to be 
$10 each, and a deposit of $2 per share was to 
be paid in on application. Nothing near the 
$10,000,000 was subscribed, and at the end of 
last week, the de- 
* posits were return¬ 
ed to the would-be 
investors. De Mores 
* s now considering 
a co-operative plan, 
based on theprinci- 
: v ; Pie of the co-operat- 
ajS>.£; i ye stores which 
have proved very 
successful in Eng¬ 
land; but the idea 
/ ; ; A;; does not meet with 
W ¥ tuuch encourage- 
ment from capital- 
• -* ■-.*?ists owing to the 
v great costand diffi- 
eulty of distribution. 
considered very rich in cream, they have never 
been thought specially fitted for the dairy; 
but from their earliest history they have been 
prized by their partisans as unsurpassed for 
grazing purposes. Then again, it is claimed 
by their friends that their thick, warm coats 
and hardy constitutions help them to “rustle” 
amid the hardships of range life better than 
their Short-horn rivals, and on these accounts 
they have, of late years, made rapid advances 
in popular favor in the West. In the East, 
also, they have long had many admirers. Of 
these, probably the best known was the late 
Hon. John Merry man, of Cockeysville, Mary¬ 
land. He purchased his first Herefords as far 
back as 1859, while he was President of the 
Maryland State Agricultural aud Mechanical 
Society, and in the fall of that year did much 
to make the breed known by showing his 
stock through the West, winning prizes wher¬ 
ever they were offered; but, of course, there 
was but little competition in those days. He 
was the first owner of Herefords in Maryland, 
and being enterprising, public-spirited and 
courageous, with marked executive talents, 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS. 
HEREFORD COW, PRTNCESS CHARLOTTE 1714, 
URING the end of last 
\ w century and the first 
quarter of this,there was a 
pO?/ Kul very hotly contested rival- 
^=4131 v y between t he Short-horn 
Ph[ 1}| and Herefords breeds of 
4fcj! cattle in England. This 
/ti ?T was P ai diculnrly active 
(r between 1800 and 1820, es- 
V LH/ns Penally between the ac- 
Y$r*-y£/\J i 'q knowlsdged champions of 
eaL q 1 breed, Thomas Bates 
(r&P / !lI1( i John Price, and chal- 
( ij) lenges for competitive 
shows of equal numbers of 
cattle were frequent. For nearly 50 years 
after the first quarter of the century, however, 
the Heroford breeders ceased to be aggressive, 
and the “white- 
faces” appeared to 
have abandoned the 
field to the “red, 
white and roans.” 
It is claimed by the 
Hereford men that 
this period of com- * - 
parative inactivity 
was very favorable 
for the steady im¬ 
provement of the 
breed, the limited 
demand leaving no 
temptation for the 
use of any but the 
choicest specimens . rr . r ,, r>-.-ajHp&y 
of the 1 n eed for the 
purposes of repro¬ 
duction; while dur- 1 
iug the same period 
the great and con- V 
stantly' increasing - 
popularity of the 
Short-horns led to . i 
the use of all males, • ; 
good, bad and in- \ - 
different, dor breed- 7 la h*j*aA 
ing purposes, so that ; / V 
when, iu 1870, the xv / \ 1 
Hereford men again ' ' '; / J 
assumed the aggres- \, i 
slve, their breed was L'^ 
greatly improved L 
from its form iu . ; iW. ^ j? 
1825, when it appar- ‘ y j ni . | 
cutly yielded to its y.v. .!] } ’ k 
rival; but while the ' ! f j /A 
improvement iu the . v 8 
Hereford s conced- 
ed, the partisans of r&y8' 
the Short-horns do v V , m . 
not admit, any fall- '' ^,v ■' 1 •' 11 '' 1 ,, ( i i«a 
ing off in the merits ^ ^ 
of their favorites. 
Although the fii-st * 
recorded importa¬ 
tion of Herefords 
into this country was made in 1817, in the 
same ship which brought the first recorded 
importation of Short-horns, it was not until 
the importation of Erastus Corning and W. 
H. Botham, in 1840, that the breed attracted 
any considerable amount of attention among 
us. Even afterwards their progress was very 
slow iu popular favor until a demand arose, 
from 1870 to '75,for bulls of the improved breeds 
to cross for beef-producing purposes on the 
native cattle of our Western plains aud prai¬ 
ries. Although there are records of many 
THE DRESSED MEAT TRADE 
The Retail Butchers’ Protective Association 
secured its charter in this State last week, and 
will at once locate local associations in every 
town and city in the State, and promote the 
formation of similar associations in other 
States. The Western dressed beef trade, which 
also usually supplies mutton, pork and even 
poultry, stimulated by the inter-State Com¬ 
merce Law, which, it is thought, will concede 
more equal freight rates on dressed beef in 
comparison with those on live stock, is daily 
(JfcTTLE as Man¬ 
ure Makers.— On 
page 187 a writer 
said he kept cows 
and bought feed as 
much for the man¬ 
ure as for any other 
reason. We often 
find the statement 
made that cattle 
will pay as manure 
makers alone. That 
is, it will pay to buy 
cattle and the feed 
for them if, at the 
end of the winter, 
we can sell them for 
enough more than 
we gave for them to 
pay for the feed 
they have consum¬ 
ed. This point is an 
important one for 
small-fruit men and 
market-men who 
have small places 
and want to make 
everything count. 
They must have 
the manure, and the winter is generally 
a dull season. Feeding cattle for manure 
seems all right iu theory, but there appears to 
be too much risk in the practice. The major¬ 
ity of gardeners about here consider it cheaper 
to buy manure from the city and Western 
dressed beef from the store. If popular usage 
is of any value as an argument, it won’t pay 
to feed cattle for the manure they will make. 
Bergen Co., N. J. j. w. H. 
mm 
ling 
' 
HEREFORD COW, PRINCESS CHARLOTTE. From a Photograph. Fi 
combined with gouial social qualities, his in¬ 
fluence did much to advance the Hereford in¬ 
terests in those days. Down to the time of 
his death, three years ago. he maintained a 
high opinion of the breed, aud had one of the 
finest herds iu the country—certainly the finest 
east of the Alloghanies. 
The Hereford cow, Princess Charlotte, 1714, 
shown at Fig. L7S, was bred by him, aud is 
now the property of his son, Mr. E. G. Morry- 
mau, who retains his father’s high regard for 
the breed. She was calved in 1877; dam, im¬ 
ported Giantess 1030; sire, imported Sir Rich¬ 
ard 2d 970 (4984) aud she is one of the best 
locating shops throughout the State, and 
threateus soon to drive out small retail butch¬ 
ers by superior display of paint and advertis¬ 
ing, and lower prices, at least uutil control can 
be secured of the entire meat supply. This 
monopolizing interest is opposed not only by 
the butchers whose business it threateus with 
ruin; but also by the Eastern live stock nvners, 
the value of whose stock is depreciated by 
competition with cheap meat from the West. 
While Armour, Swift aud other great Chi¬ 
cago meat men are rapidly increasing their 
business, the Marquis de Mores, representing 
the Natioual Meat Consumers’ Association, is 
Breeders of Brown Swiss Cattle have 
formed an association. W. R. Fish, Mystic 
River,Conn., is president. We have described 
