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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
weight of fodder, and a pushing, determined 
sort of growth in wet or dry weather, makes 
it a very desirable variety for silage. If the 
cultivator is kept going very shallow, in dry 
weather, it will make an astonishing growth. 
The best varieties of local corn are not to be 
despised, if they do fall below the “B & W 1 ’ 
in weight of fodder per acre. The fact is 
slowly being found out that quantity and 
quality do not always go together, and the 
field of fodder corn of good growth, that has 
had room enough for each individual stalk to 
develop an car of grain, or at least make the 
effort to show up a “nubbin,” has fully twice 
the feeding value of another where the 
plants have grown up slim and sickly, with 
yellow leaves, and no attempt has been made 
to produce grain—the natural function of a 
corn plant. Often the farmer to get a big 
crop, forces it into unnatural conditions, and 
it loses in feeding value, while slightly gain¬ 
ing in weight. So it is that while we may get 
the biggest show with the white Southern 
coru, it is possible that when the gain in grain 
is accounted for, the home-grown com may 
be best. But this point must be established 
by experiment. 
Last season in Ohio, the Southern com 
when taken care of, developed at least two- 
thirds of a crop, dry as the season was; while 
local com withered and failed to a large ex¬ 
tent, so that those of my neighbors who put 
their faith iu ensilage, have had a cheap 
and abundant ration for their stock, which, 
fed with their other limited stores of hay, 
and roughage, has made them quite independ¬ 
ent of drought and dearly purchased grain, 
and they have sold milk to the city market 
in quantities equal to that from the best .June 
pastures. 
In sowing com for ensilage, whether it be 
the Northern or Southern kinds, the principle 
of development and maturity has been finally 
recognized; and further it has been owned 
that it is the big, lusty stalk that has grown 
up and gathered the rich stores of sugar, 
starch and other elements,that Is the most val¬ 
uable. Instead of sowing broadcast 140 to 170 
pounds of shelled corn y>er acre to get it to 
grow “fine,” the best farmers are now drill¬ 
ing in 12 quarts to 10 quarts at the outside per 
acre, in rows feet apart. This hist crop is 
one of mature development, and hus a large 
feeding value that the silo very nearly pre¬ 
serves. While the results of the heavy broad¬ 
cast seeding may show a little advantage in 
weight, this does not compensate for the labor 
of growing the crop and gathering it as com¬ 
pared to the superior feeding quality of the 
other. 
By drilling the com in thiuly, iu uniform 
rows, the land can be worked down, the com 
dragged—to save hand labor—and cultivation 
can take place until such a time as the corn 
has attained such a profuse growth that culti¬ 
vation will be impossible, and at the same 
time weed growth will be stopped by the shad¬ 
ing. Even if there is a little under-“trash” It 
will bo harvested aloug with the com fodder 
when the reaping machine cuts the ensilage 
corn, and it finds its way to the silo instead of 
being left to develop seeds. The umouut of 
ensilage corn that can lie grown upon an acre 
is variously estimated at all the way from 
18 to 40 tons. On good land, from SO to 
30 tons can be easily grown in a fair season, 
this being verified by the amount of settled en¬ 
silage measured in the pits,reckoning 50 cubic 
feet to the ton. Muture corn fodder will not 
weigh quite as much per cubic foot us the less 
advanced stalks. If we drill iu the corn thin¬ 
ly, a stalk for every six inches, we have, iu GO 
rows'to^the acre, 25,000 stalks, that need to 
weigh only two pounds each to give 50,000 
pounds per acre, or 85 tons. As stalks with pen¬ 
dant ears are no curiosity that weigh each 
from five to seven pounds, the estimate of 
25 tons per aci'e is riot excessive. As it, is the 
big crop that pays, the fanner should attempt 
to get the largest crop possible consistent with 
maturity and feeding value. In the corn belt 
where ISO days of common weather can be 
assumed with some certainty, the Southern 
white corn will always have its friends; but 
in other less favored sections, some kind of 
90-day com may be of more desirable char¬ 
acter, possibly some of the best kinds of market 
sweet com. 
Stowell’s Evergreen sweet corn is regarded 
with favor, as it has the ear-forming habit in 
a large degree, as well os foliage, and grain 
is now an essential. The time is now at hand 
when husking coni to be fed upon the farm 
will be accounted among the lost arts, for just 
as fodder com is better in its matured yet 
succulent state than the same fodder dried, so 
it will be found that com cars put in the silo 
and fed ulong with tbe fodder, will not only 
save the labor and expense of stroking and 
busking, not to mention grinding, but feed 
out better; for when corn is in its glazed state, 
and by some process can be kept so, it has its 
greatest feeding value, and no grinding, cook¬ 
ing, or other preparation can bring dry corn 
back in feeding value to this “doughy” stage 
for easy and perfect digestion, and assimila¬ 
tion by the stock. 
What improvements shall be made in the 
silo of the future and tbe preservation of si¬ 
lage, or what crops we shall ensilage, are diffi¬ 
cult problems. The whole matter has been 
fought over, disputed and contested, but as 
Professor Henry, of Wisconsin, says, “The 
light has been a sharp one, but the silo men 
have got the best of it, and the silo is the best 
known method of preserving corn fodder, corn 
and alL” 
The whole matter seems to have resolved 
itself into tenable, reasonable grounds, and 
with the American farmer’s determination to 
succeed, the silo will be perfected, and its pres¬ 
ent advanced method over three years ago im¬ 
proved, and its success become a full realiza¬ 
tion, giving a cheap, abundant, and well pre¬ 
served succulent ration for our stock. 
pomcrlogictil, 
LONDON PURPLE AND PARIS GREEN. 
PROF. A. J. COOK. 
It Is now eight years since I first proved 
London-purple and Paris-green to be safe and 
effective specifics in our warfare against tbe 
codling moth. As I have used these arsenites 
successfully every year since, I feel that T 
can speak with no little confidence regarding 
them. As each year has given added light, 
and as many even now do not use this remedy, 
which, if universally applied, would save mil¬ 
lions to our fruit growers each year, and 
further, as this is the time to act, I can do 
our fruit growers no greater good than to 
treat the subject somewhat at length. 
Either London-purple or Paris-green is effec¬ 
tive. Repeated trials show little preference. 
As London-purple is the cheaper, is more easily 
mixed, and possibly a little less likely to 
blight the foliage if used too freely, I should 
recommend it. White arsenic I would never 
use. I think it about equal to the other arseni¬ 
cal compounds, but from its color, it is apt to 
be mistaken for soda, baking powder, or quin¬ 
ine, and so if left about by careless hands may 
by accident bring even death into the house. 
Such results are precluded by the color of 
either of the other substances. I would never 
handle these substances with the bare hands. 
Iron spoons are very cheap. Nor 6bould they 
be used so that a dust or spray would be blown 
on to a person. A still day should be selected 
for spraying our orchards. 
We must also remember to use these ^poisons 
early—nearly as soon as the blossoms fall, as 
soon as tbe young fruit is as large as a pea. 
If we wait longer the larva:, as soon os hatch¬ 
ed, will have passed into the apple out of dan¬ 
ger, aud so our work will partially fail. 
Again, we should use a weak mixture. One 
pouudto 100 gallons of water is strong enough. 
If I were to make any change I would make 
it more dilute rather than stronger. The 
evenly colored water shows that.the fine grains 
of the poisonous mineral are everywhere. 
The faintest particle, if eaten, kills the young 
caterpillar, Our aim then should be to see 
that the poison reached every fruit, and yet 
is not so much scattered as to kill the foliage. 
It is all-important, then , as it is in applying 
Buhach solution to our cabbages, or hellebore 
in water to our currants, that tbe liquid bo 
dashed on to tbe foliage with force, that it 
be thoroughly scattered, and every apple 
reached. With a weak mixture, as suggested 
above, we can make this thorough application 
and yet not injure the foliage in the least. I 
have often ami repeatedly saved every apple 
from attack, and only because 1 reached tho 
calyx end of every one with the fatal potion. 
Those who kill only 75 per cent, reach only 75 
per cent, of tho fruit. Remember, we must 
not generully sprinkle the trees, wo must 
drench thorn with tho liquid uud throw tho 
latter on with such vehemence that it will 
surely reach every blossom end or every apple. 
This same advice is pertinent in using the ker¬ 
osene aud soap mixture against plant lice. If 
remembered the plant lice are surely van¬ 
quished. 
To make tho application, the poison should 
be well mixed and kept so. It Is easier to mix 
it in a little water at first aud then thor¬ 
oughly stir this into water in the proportions 
given above. To apply to a few trees a small 
hand pump with a good nozzle, like the Whit¬ 
man’s fountaiu pump, Is admirable. A tea¬ 
spoonful of the mineral can be stirred into a 
common pail of water which will be enough 
for a small apple tree. 
For many trees the Field force pump is just 
the thing. Hero the pump is worked by gear¬ 
ing attached to the wagon wheel, while the li¬ 
quid poison is carried in u close tank or barrel 
drawn on the wagon. A second hose runs into 
tho barrel and keeps the mineral poison con¬ 
stantly stirred. A good nozzle applies the li¬ 
quid in a fine spray, while the double piston 
pump throws the material so that no apple es¬ 
capes the application, and so no larva reaches 
the pulp of tbe fruit. 
A subscriber to the Rural wishes to know 
if it will kill the plum curculio. There are 
many reports to that effect. I must say, how¬ 
ever, that I have tried it several times with 
no marked advantage. Tho curculio cuts into 
the plum, apple, peach or cherry aud pushes 
the egg in beyond the outside rind and so the 
newly hatched grub is out of tbe reach of 
harm. True, the parent weevil does cut 
the crescent, and in some cases may got a fa¬ 
tal bite of the poison, but with me no practical 
good has resulted. The jarring process is 
still ahead for the plum curculio. Another 
weevil,the PlumGouger (Anthonomusprunici- 
da) is a very serious pest to tho apple growers 
in some parts of tho country, especially iu 
Wisconsin, where it often nearly ruins the 
fruit. I am told by some very intelligent 
fruit growers of that State that London-pur¬ 
ple or Paris-green is a remedy for this close rel¬ 
ative of the curculio. I am not prepared to 
dispute this statement and hope it is well 
fouuded. This Oouger, as its name implies, 
eats out quite large holes iu the apple or plum, 
and the weevil and grub may both be reached 
by the poison. Of course they must be if the 
treatment is effective as is asserted. 
I can assure all that there is no danger iu 
the use of these poisons, as suggested above. 
No one should be careless in handling them or 
in leaving them so that barm can result. It 
is wise not to turn stock into an orchard used 
for pasture fora few days after spraying the 
trees. Wo spray once in May, and use the 
fruit in August. Long ore this last date the 
poison is all gone. 
Lansing, Mich.__ 
Caul 
“Every Man is presumed to know the Law. 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation orises from Ig¬ 
norance of Laxu .” 
M. S. T.,Ncw York City .—I have a country 
place in New Jersey and iu the district $1,000 
are to bo spent on the roads. The Road-mas¬ 
ter claims that the Township Committee 
should put this appropriated money into bis 
hands before he makes contracts for labor on 
the roads. For tho money thus advanced he 
will return a satisfactory account. Tho Com¬ 
mittee refuses to advance the money; the Roud- 
master refuses to make himself liable for the 
cost of labor which it is necessary to employ 
on the roads, and therefore ho does nothing. 
Which of the two is in the right? 2. Has the 
Road-master power to spend the road money 
appropriated to his district according to his 
best judgment? if a town meeting has adopt¬ 
ed a geueral resolution that,say,25 per cent, of 
all road money shall be spent Upon sidewalks, 
is he obliged to obey that resolution, whether 
the expense is necessary or not? 
Anr.— 1. The money must be paid to the 
overseer, but whether iu a lump, or as his ex¬ 
penditures require, the law leaves a little ob 
scure. But tbe Township Committee have to 
give security' for its “safe disbursement,” aud 
this rather implies, we think, that they ore to 
retain it in their possession, and pay it out as 
the bills become due. The Road-master need 
not make himself personally liable, and if he 
neglects to perform his duty he may be fined, 
ou complaint of any' three freeholders before 
a magistrate. 2. If the inhabitants vote that 
a certain proportion of the road moneys shall 
be expended in making sidewalks, tho over¬ 
seer lias no discretion, but must obey tbe vote 
L. II., New York .—1 live iu New Jersey. Iu 
my village there are uo fences. Each house 
stands iu a lot open ou all sides. I am annoyed 
by servants and boys, who cross my lot to 
cut short tho distance by the highway, which 
sweeps in a serai-circle around the front of my 
estate. What is the legal effect of a warning 
to trespassers, posted on the boundaries? Must 
I everybody heed it? Suppose they do not heed 
it? Or cannot read? (Jr do no not see it? To 
exclude the tresspassers peaceably, must I set 
up a fence? If so, can I require tbe man who 
owns the open land on three sides of mine (the 
fourth side ts on the highway) to join in the 
cost of fencing? If he refuses, as he probably 
will, pretending that unfeucod lands are es¬ 
thetic, etc., and holding his for sale and not 
for improvement, what is tho course for me 
to pursue? 
Ans.—T here used to be a New Jer. 
sey law making any person liable to a 
fine of $3 for willfully trespassing ou 
lands not his own, but it seems to have 
been dropped when the revision of tho 
statutes was made, leaving the injured person 
to obtain such damages as he may by suit iu a 
justice’s court. If 'persons are warned by a 
notice not to pass over our correspondent’s 
grounds, the justice would no doubt take that 
fact into account, and it would serve to in¬ 
crease the amount of damages allowed. On 
the other hand the fact that the trespasser 
could not read, or did not see’tbe notice, would 
constitute mitigating circumstances, going to 
reduce the amount of damages. Ordinarily, 
in such a case, we doubt if it would pay to 
take the matter into court. The owners of the 
adjoining lots could not be compelled to make 
fences, if they prefer to leave tho ground ly¬ 
ing open. If the passage across the lot can¬ 
not. be prevented by a wire fence or some other 
obstruction, the only practical course is to 
“griu and bear it”—or better still, to exercise 
the high Christian virtue of patience. 
F. C. II., Worcester, Vt .—A and B own ad? 
joining farms, which stretch north and south. 
The northern parts of both farms are cultivat¬ 
ed, anil the southern parts are occupied by 
pasture, woodland, brush and bushes. A 
builds a fence ou the southern line of his land; 
R builds one across bis lot 50 rods inside the 
southern line. Must A build the fence con¬ 
necting tho corner of his with tho next corner 
of B’s, or should tho latter build a part of it? 
Ans.—I f B is willing that the southern part 
of his land—beyond the line of his fence— 
should lie open, and has determined not to im¬ 
prove it, ho need not fence it, and if A builds 
a fence separat ing his laud Horn that part of 
A’s, he must do so at his own expense. But 
should B at any time improve the open lot, A 
can recover the value of such part of tho fence 
as it would bo B’s duty to build, aud if the two 
parties cannot agree the fence-viewers, on ap¬ 
plication, must appraise such part, and A can 
recover tbe appraised value iu an action of 
assumpsit, if tho same is not paid within30 
days after demand. 
H. B., BurnuiiroRT, Conn.— A farmer 1ms 
two sons. Oue of them stays at home working 
on the farm with his father. The other left 
homo at an early uge. In the course of teu 
years the father died leaving no will. Can 
the son who has worked at home collect wages 
nee ho came of uge, the absent brother 
claiming an equal share of the property ? 
ANS.—Tho son who has worked at home will 
have a claim against the estate for service 8 
rendered. This claim must be presented to the 
administrator in tho same manner as any 
other claim, 
A. L. McD., South Hanford, N. Y.—If 
I buy a farm in January, the writings being 
drawn, signed aud sealed, possession to bo 
given on the first of tbe following April, 
and meanwhile the barn falls to the ground 
owing to a heavy weight of snow on tho 
roof, who will be the loser—the seller or 
buyer? 
A.nh.—I t does not appear to bo customary 
to clear tho snow from the roof of a barn, aud 
if there was no contributory negligence on the 
part of the person in possession, you, as owner, 
will havo to be the loser. 
The “Order of the Iron Hall” is a “beneficial 
society” with headquarters at Indianapolis, 
Indiana, but operating chiefly in New York, 
New Jersey and other Eastern States. It is 
charged that its organization was a fraud aud 
its constitution no better. It has been only six 
years in existence, and its projectors claim 
thatithas 100,000 members. Vice-Chancellor 
Bird, of New Jersey, Tuesday, issued an in¬ 
junction restraining the officers located in 
Now Jersey from transacting any business or 
disposing of the money ou hand until the or¬ 
der's methods of doing business have been 
thoroughly investigated. It claims that at 
the end of seven years it will pay either $1,000, 
$800, $000, $400 or $200 to each member ac¬ 
cording to the class which he may enter, and 
each is assessed at various intervals for 
amounts which aggregate about $850 at the 
expiration of seven years for the $1,000 class. 
During sickness or other disability $5 are paid 
weekly on $200, and a proportionate sum for 
other amounts. Such payments oro to be de¬ 
ducted from the premiums paid in seven years. 
The expenses of the branch, whether it bo “lo¬ 
cal” “State,” “district” or “supreme,” in class¬ 
ification, are paid from the assessments. 
Should a member beeoma permanently disa¬ 
bled half of his certificate is paid at once 
and the roma nder at tho maturity of his 
claim. As tho order is at yet but six years 
old, no full amounts have yet been paid, aud 
withiu a year they will begin to full due. 
How by any species of management, the order 
will redeem these thousands of certificates is 
unfathomable. It is charged that the pro¬ 
jectors are deliberately planning to defraud 
the members; that no satisfactory statement 
of accounts has been made, aud that the re¬ 
ports submitted havo been cooked. The offi¬ 
cers allege that 00 per cent, of the members 
