THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
that is comparatively free from such accidents 
is regarded by many as a peculiarly fortunate 
place. But to one who inquires as to the 
reason why, it is understood that accidents 
are very carefully guarded against. In this 
line many men do not use snaps on their har¬ 
ness at all. They make at a rule, too, to trust 
to no half-broken strap of the harness. Nor 
do they use any uncertain appendages for 
hitching a team to any sort of a vehicle. 
Horses and cows do not get loose in the barn, 
nor out through a defective door or gate, be¬ 
cause the fastenings are planned so as to re¬ 
duce the chances to the lowest limit. Intelli¬ 
gent feeding and diligent sanitary and pre¬ 
ventive agencies reduce sickness to a minim¬ 
um. In everything there is an effort to guard 
against reverses—in the handling of the broken 
horses as well as the unti’ained, in the con¬ 
struction of buildings, fences, etc., as well as 
in the operation of machinery, or in the use of 
the various implements. At a glance, such a 
conservative policy seems too slow to many 
men, but iu the eud it proves by far the 
surest of results, both in quantity and value. 
Gullying Corn-Fields.—A writer in the 
Weekly Press says that he has corn on a 
pretty steep hillside, and the last plowing be¬ 
fore u violent rain was up and down the hill. 
The next day he expected to see his corn 
gullied badly, but each furrow had carried its 
owu water, making a little runaway iu the 
bottom. A neighboring field was plowed the 
other way. The furrows tilled up, then broke 
through at some poiut and the whole torrent 
cut through in some deep gullies, washing the 
hill much more seriously than his. Now 
with a light rain the cross furrows would 
have held the water until it soaked into the 
ground, while the up and down furrows would 
have showed some washing. It seems to fol¬ 
low that furrows up and down the hill are 
best to carry very heavy rains but not for 
light showers. 
Wastefulness. —The wastefulness of the 
people on the rich soil of Iowa, would make a 
New Hampshire man indignant, says Presi¬ 
dent Chamberlain, of the Iowa Agricultural 
College, in the Ohio Farmer. They waste all 
the corn-stalks there and some of the corn. 
Yes, they turn the cattle through the standing 
cornstalks after they are ripe and frosted and 
dried up and every leaf blown off in the tierce 
winds and the stalks as dry as dust. He 
wouldn’t give 50 cents per acre for all the 
cattle can get of good from the stalks. Of 
course they find some ears. But they tramp 
some ground if it is not frozen. The drought 
will, he believes, be an aetuul blessing to Iowa 
in forcing the farmers to cut up and feed the 
cornstalks, it may show that en-ilage will pay 
too. tin tlie Coliege farm corn and cornstalks 
and ensilage corn and Hungarian Grass must 
carry the stock. For a week President C. has 
been giving his personal attention to building 
three great silos, 29 feet deep in the great stock 
barn. 
WHICH MAY REMIND YOU. 
The Farmer, of Minnesota, says that chinch 
bugs are pre-eminently dry, hot-weather in¬ 
sects. They canuot endure long-continued 
moisture and the very dry spring of South¬ 
eastern Minnesota afforded the conditions 
most favorable to their increase. With wet 
weather chinch bugs will rapidly decrease ... 
According to the Pioneer, Dakota farmers 
are full of praises for Alfalfa. “When 
everything else is dried up the Alfafa fields 
are green and bright.” . 
Mr. J. H. Sanders says that iu times like 
these it may lie questionable iu many cases 
whether even good cattle can be fed at much 
of a profit; but if there is auy money at all in 
beef production it can lie made ouly through 
the best cattle. There is uo one seekiug to 
get rid of go<xl cattle, but, on the contrary, 
there arc thousands of prudent farmers who 
are taking advantage of present opportunities 
to tit themselves out with better animals than 
t he} r have heretofore owned.. 
Elaborate tests conducted under the aus¬ 
pices of the Danish Government last season in 
relation to the ice cooling of butter previous 
to its transportation by rail ami steamer, 
proved, according to the N. Y. World, that 
the cooling of butter to 32 degrees Eahreuheit 
enables the butter to resist the effects of a 
high temperature for a much longer time 
than if it had not, been cooled. The result of 
four series of tests on butter that was four 
days eu route showed that the samples seut in 
refrigerators, after standing two or three 
days iu common cellars at a temperature of 
fiO to bo degrees Fahrenheit, were always 
better than the samples which had been trans¬ 
ported without ice. It was furthermore 
sliowu iu these experiments that the iced sam¬ 
ples, after lying in the same cellar a week or 
two, were better in quality than the ordinary 
samples... 
Farm, Stock and Home says that sour swill 
is a barbarism, besides being poisonous to the 
hog. There is nothing in nature to indicate 
that the bog should be fed sour food. Nature 
provides sweet milk for the pigs, and in their 
wild state hogs never touch other than sweet, 
nutty and succulent food.'_ 
The author of the above declares that “corn- 
fed” pork is losing its hold on the market. 
Corn-fed pork is the greasy, unhealthy stu ff 
that Europe is now prohibiting. An exclus¬ 
ive diet of corn makes diseased hogs and un¬ 
healthy pork. This is now being understood 
in the great “corn belt.”. 
The corn crop of our country, as the Breed¬ 
ers’ Gazette well says, is a grand crop. There 
is no such thiDg as estimating the value of the 
stability and prosperity which it brings to the 
agricultural interests. But it is far from be¬ 
ing fully appreciated and will only assume its 
proper plaeeinpublic estimation when itcomes 
to be regarded as a source of fodder supplies 
as well as of grain..... 
The Gazette thinks that from a well-or¬ 
dered farm there should never be a pound of 
corn sold; live-stock of some kind should be 
kept to consume the whole of it, grain and 
fodder...,... 
The Husbandman says that if a farm must 
have swiue, there is no reason why they should 
be conspicuous chiefly in their nastiness when 
the run of a few acres will effect a satisfactory 
change from offensive filth to that cleanliness 
which is in full accord with the beneficent 
order of nature, whereby the free air of heaveu 
is made the conservator of health.. 
The farmer who keeps a flock of 25 or 30 
beus, with the usual accompaniment of a hun¬ 
dred or more lively chicks, and allows them 
to share his domain in common with himself, 
his other stock and farm utensils, finds perplex¬ 
ity and most ahomiuable company at every 
turn. The hen at large, in her multiplied 
form, is worse than an army of locusts, and 
her following as offensive as a pestilence. 
A writer in the Michigan Farmer says he 
could mention certain persons who when called 
to see a sick cow will order a quart of the best 
whisky. The cheap horse and cow doctor 
never paid a dollar to educate himself, but has 
a cure-all for every disease knowu and some 
not known—men who have no more idea of 
anatomy than a child has of legislation, and 
who would think ‘physiology’ some new-fan¬ 
gled remedy for the colic. When a domestic 
atiimal is taken sick the owner seems to bid 
adieu to sense and intelligence and place his 
trust in some quack, the more ignorant the 
better.. 
Let it be remembered, says the Dairyman, 
that the low prices of summer come from the 
fact that the great majority of cows, fully 90 
per cent., are allowed to calve iu the spring 
and so both cow and owner must produce 
butter when every body else is doing the same, 
the weather hot and it is impossible to hold 
the product. The farmer that steadily per¬ 
sists in summer dairying, must be a mighty 
poor manager of his own fortune. 
Mr. Hoard points out that a cow that with 
the same feed aud care will give 11 quarts of 
milk a day will make 10 per cent, clear profit 
over the cow that gives 10 quarts a day. 
Mr. C. S. Plumb, of the N. Y. Ex. Station 
(Geneva), says in the Mass. Ploughman, that 
the station has had one plot of Alfalfa or Lu- 
ceru growing for five years continuously. It 
has never been re-seeded, has never winter- 
killed and has been subjected to freezing to 
the extent of 18 degrees below zero. 
At present theN. Y. Experiment station has 
five plots of Alfalfa varying iu size from 100 
square feet to over a half acre. Previous to 
this year four crops have been cut each season 
from the same piece of ground, and this year 
bids fair to produce five.. 
The Editor of the Texas Stockman, says 
that after seeing IT dehorned bulls eat at a 10- 
foot trough iu peace, he is a convert to the 
idea that the horns must go. 
The Editor of the Galloway Herd-Book, of 
Scotland, says that after leuglbeued and very 
wide experience and observation, he is ready 
to assert that if a well-bred Galloway bull be 
crossed on any other breed of cattle svhat- 
ever, including the native scrub cows of 
America, and a similar bull again bo used on 
the female produce of that cow, even the 
most experienced aud skillful authority on 
Galloway cows will signally fail to distinguish 
this second cross from a thoroughbred pure 
Galloway...,.... 
W. I. Chamberlain, President of the Iowa 
Agricultural College, proposes to give his 
opiuiou of eusilage after the college has tried 
it. lie says, iu the Albany Cultivator, that 
“it looks now as if it were going to help us out 
of a very tight place this year.”. 
J. J. Thomas, from a partial trial, speaks 
well of the Jessie and Bubach No. 5 Strawber¬ 
ries. 
The New England Farmer states that some 
contend that 8. C. rock is about as indestruc¬ 
tible as sand, and will remain undissolved for 
years in hot or dry land. Sulphuric acid, he 
says, renders it immediately available and 
the only objection urged against it is its cost, 
“which is not large.”. 
Dr. Hoskins, replying to the above in the 
Rural Vermonter, says his farm is what is 
called “hot, dry land,” though it rarely suf¬ 
fers from draught, and that 8. C. floats are. 
quite as effective as ground bone, at less than 
half the cost. The floats delivered in Ver¬ 
mont cost about SIS per ton. A plain super¬ 
phosphate made from a C. rock by the addi¬ 
tion of a sufficient amount of sulphuric acid, 
contains about half as much phosphoric acid 
per ton as the floats and costs nearly twice as 
much... 
Ts there any other trade ou earth, asks the 
\ ermonter, where the front rank and the rear 
rank are so far apart as the farmers?. 
Professor Sanborn, of the Missouri State 
Farm, reports a yield of 774 bushels of Fultz 
Wheat ou 17 acres. This is over 45 bushels to 
the acre. This speaks well for the farm, for 
Professor Sanborn aud for the Fultz. 
James Parton says that if any young fel¬ 
low should ask him, “Shall I be a farmer*” 
he would reply: “Are you man enough?”. 
There is no doubt that much is gained by 
buying pot-grown strawberry plants if they 
are well grown in pots or in anything else 
that insures a mass of earth about the roots. 
Theu we may hope for a full crop of berries 
next spring. But the pot-grown plants must 
be well packed and well carried. Considering 
the cost, the liability of getting plants not 
properly grown and the mishaps of carriage, 
we prefer to buy good layer plants. 
The true Japan Chestnut, says a writer in 
Country Home who speaks as if with some 
authority, is not the so-called Japan Giant 
offered by our nurserymen The nuts, he 
says, following the Rural’s statements, of 
the Japans, are smooth, not ridged or furrowed 
as in the large Spauish varieties. In size, 
also, he agrees with our statements that it is 
not so large as many of the chestnuts import¬ 
ed from the warmer regions of Europe, but it 
is better in quality.. 
This writer in the Country Home says that 
the Japan is only propagated by grafting on 
seedling stocks, and that uo reputable nursery¬ 
man would sell seedlings of it as the true 
Japan Chestnut. Probably he is not aware 
that there are several, not to say dozens, who 
have raised seedlings of the Japan Chestnut 
and that the best of these are being graf ted on 
seedling stock. The best of these Japan seed¬ 
lings are very nearly as good as our American 
varieties, while the size is twice as large, the 
trees dwarf and come into bearing while very 
young. 
Our contemporaries who have now taken 
up this Japan Chestnut business should be 
careful, as the Rural has tried to be, not to 
create expectations never to lie realized. All 
of the monstrous chestnuts which we have 
seen having ridged or uneven shells, are bitter 
and the flesh is coarse. 
On the light soil of the Rural Farm we have 
considered the Quack, Quitch, Twitch or Rye 
Grass as a troublesome blessing. It takes pos¬ 
session of all uncultivated places and would 
spread everywhere if so permitted. After a 
field seeded to clover and Timothy has re¬ 
mained so for four years, the Quack is fouud 
to be the chief tenant. But it forms a mat of 
roots for the corn crop and is easily subdued 
by shallow cultivation in hot, dry weather. 
The Rural's great yield of corn—the largest, 
ou record under inexpensive cultivation—was 
raised ou a Quack soil. . 
The advantages of improved stock, say 
Prof. Shelton, of the State Agricultural Col¬ 
lege of Kansas, are familiar to most readers 
of current farm literature which everywhere 
teaches the ueed of further improveuieut. 
And yet, improved stock, without- improved 
farmers, and better farming, is a fore-doomed 
failure. There are uo two more incompatible 
and incongruous things thau thoroughbred 
stock and scrub farmers. So long as unim¬ 
proved farmers exist there is a place for scrub 
stock, and it is idle to talk of effecting auy 
improvement iu the one without a correspoud- 
iug development of the other. 
The cattle growers of Western, Central 
and Southern Illinois are complaining of the 
quaruutiue established against their cattle by 
the authorities of the surroundiug States tie- 
cause of the existence of pleura iu Chicago, 
hundreds of miles away, while all their sec¬ 
tion is entirely free from the plague, and the 
State aud Federal authorities are doiug their 
liest to restrict aud extirpate the disease. The 
Breeders' Gazette denounces this policy as be 
iug identical with that of Great Britain, which 
embargoes cattle from all parts of America, 
because the disease exists iu a few restricted 
places, and the argument is quite just. Prof 
Law is decidedly of the opinion that there is 
no necessity whatever on the part of any 
State or Territory for any quarantine against 
the State of Illinois or any part of it, except 
that quarantined by the national authorities. 
He thinks the quarantine will be raised very 
soon in Cook County . 
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