NEW YORK, AUGUST 27, 1887 
PRICE WYE CENTS 
*2.00 PER YEAR. 
Entered, according to Act of Congress, In the year 1887, by the Rubai, Nkw-Yorkkr, In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 
thau to have a common dunghill stallion sei^e 
her for nothing. I have a very fine .four- 
year-old gelding that I bought over a year 
ago, and I have uot been able to find a horse 
fine enough to match him yet, though I have 
had other parties besides myself looking out 
all the time. Why is it that such horses can’t be 
found as readily as they could 30 years ago t 
Duriug the war of the Rebellion the Gov¬ 
ernment had agents in every county in the 
State buying up every horse that had size and 
weight enough to go into the artillery and 
baggage trains. The officers had to have 
semething finer, with more style, to ride. Be¬ 
fore the War closed most of the general-pur¬ 
pose horses had gone into the army, and with 
them most of our best mares. Thev all 
Matutalisi 
service, and there wasn’t one in 50 that could 
trot fast enough to be salable. 
Again,the introduction of the Percheron and 
Clydesdale horses for farmers to breed to has, 
in my opinion, doue more than all else to 
make fine driving colts hard to find. I don’t 
object to them in their proper place; we have 
some fine specimens of that stock in this 
county. People can make money by breeding 
aud selling them for heavy track work in 
cities; but the mistake is in farmers mating 
their mares with that class of horses, thinking 
of raising a general-purpose horse, or a gen- 
tlemau’s coach horse. The result of crossing 
these heavy horses on ordinary mares has 
been to flood the country with another 
class of mongrels too large for ordinary farm 
work and in most cases uot heavy enough for 
city truck work, nor fine enough for coach 
horses, and therefore they are bred by the 
fanners at a loss almost every time. Farmers 
will begin to think 
1 am putting this 
matter pretty strong- 
ly. Let every m« n 
that raises colts in 
different towns 
of ^is State, 
sit down and give this 
matter careful 
HI? thought: I think 
they wiU the 
same condition of 
things in their own 
- -- - V such parents one can 
not very well fail in 
1 # breeding a colt that 
will pay every time, 
if you want to go 
into raising trotters, 
, buy a young mare of 
• , some good standard 
„ breed, with all the 
inbreed trotting in¬ 
heritance you can 
get; then select a 
stallion with size and 
style to make a fine 
coaeher, and with 
plenty of inherited prepoteuey to beget speed. 
Then if you don’t get a very fast trotter, you 
will certainly get a lino stepper that some gen¬ 
tleman will want at a high price. 
I feed my mares from the time they get 
with foal until they foal, giving them two- 
thirds oats and one-third shorts. I keep the 
mare in good condition all the time, with 
plenty of exercise. If a trotter, I speed her at 
least once a week for the benefit of the coming 
colt. W hen the latter comes, see that it is 
kept growing uutil it is at least three years 
old ou the same kind of feed—oats aud shorts. 
Grind the oats and mix with the shorts for 
the first two years at least, and wet with hot 
water in the winter. Feed enough to keep 
him growing all the time, for no man can 
make a perfect horse of the best colt that was 
orsoumx 
THE ST. BERNARD DOG. 
RAISING COLTS FOR PROFIT. 
Fine coach homes commoner “of old;" ivhy; 
how to improve horse breeding; care of 
mare with foal; grain feed for colt. 
About 40 years ago I began the business of 
buying three- or four-year-old colts, match¬ 
ing them in good pairs and selling them for 
gentlemen’s driving-teams. 1 have handled, 
in connection with my regular farming, over 
40 pairs of such colts, which I have sold at 
high prices in New York or Boston. It used 
to pay me welt, but now it is different. I 
can’t find the class of horses among farmers 
that I could once. Thirty years ago I used to 
start out, and in a week’s time bring home a 
matched pair of colts, with all the size and 
The St. Bernard or Alpine dog of the pres¬ 
ent day is a powerful animal, as large as k the 
mastiff, but resembling the Newfoundland, 
except that its hair is closer and shorter, and 
its feet broader. In color it varies from sandy- 
red or tawny, with black muzzle, to more or 
less gray, liver color or cloudy black. These 
dogs are kept by the monks of the Hospice of 
St. Bernard in the conveut situated on one of 
the most dangerous passes between Switzer¬ 
land aud Italy, near the top of the Great St. 
Bernard, where they are traiued to the work 
of rescuing travelers, who, overtaken by snow 
storms, frequent there, may have lost their 
way or sunk benumbed by the cold. After 
a violent snow storm 
they start off in pairs, 
in the morning in 
search of travelers. 
One bears a flask of 
spirits with some 
food, aud the other a 
cloak. Should they 
come across a baffled 
yet straggling way¬ 
farer, they conduct 
him to the convent; 
but should he have 
succumbed and be 
covered with suow, 
their keen scent de¬ 
tects his presence, 
though buried sever¬ 
al feet beneath the / V 
surface. Thou by , : 
loud barking—and 
their burk is unusu¬ 
ally powerful—they 
apprise the monks of 
the need of succor, -'ii&BSI 
while with their 
powerful feet k they 
clear away the snow 
from the body. In -ra ffia 
this way hundreds of 
lives have been 
saved by these saga- ■ %W r - 
cious animals, often flj '/ft 
at a sacrifice of their ' Jj 1 
own. One that had 
perished in its work 
of mercy some years ' ;-e t : 0 .-; 
ago, bore a medal 
stating that it had * 
been the means of “U 
saving 23 lives. The 
St. Bernard of to-day 
differs somewhat 
from the race exist¬ 
ing be tom 1830, when 
nearly all the old 
breed died of an epi- 
demic, necessitating 
the Introduction of the present variety. There 
are two kinds—the smooth aud the rough- 
coated. The former is considered the best, 
and is most highly prized by the monks at the 
Hospice. 
A splendid specimen of this variety is shown 
at Fig. 310. He answers to the name of Apollo, 
and is the property of Mr. IV. W. Tucker, of 
this city, who keeps one of the most extensive 
kennels in the eouutry at Montclair, N. J. 
Apollo has an unbeaten record ut dog shows ) 
both in this country and in Switzerland where 
his owner purchased him. Wherever he has 
been exhibited, the general verdict has been 
that he is the grandest specimen of his race 
the visitors have ever seen. His nominal val¬ 
ue is $2,(MX); but bis owner says that “wouldn’t 
begin to buy him.” 
JfvML ro#/f£X 
ST. BERNARD DOG APOLLO. Fi 
style any gentleman could ask for; hut no w 
it can’t be done in six mouths. I wish every 
farmer would look this matter squarely in the 
face, and see if he can give any reason why this 
condition of things should exist. Why is it 
that three-fourths of all the colts in fanners’ 
hands to-day, arc uothing but miserable 
scrubs, uot worth the feed they eat until they 
are throe years old / It costs every farmer 
just as much to raise a Horse that can’t be 
sold for over #100 as it would to raise oue 
worth $500, wh«>n old enough, aud broken 
fit for a gentleman to drive. I have never 
sold a pair for less than $1,1X10, and l have 
sold a team for as high as $2,IXX>. If they 
happen to have a suitable mare, it will pay 
farmers better to give $50 for the service of 
a stallion that wiiigot first-class coach stock, 
horse had sold for good prices during this 
time,it would continue so indefinitely, so every' 
scrub mare was put to some scrub horse for $5, 
and the result of that move is the condition 
we find in the horse market to-day, where it 
is almost impossible to find horses with size 
and style fit for a pair of eoaehors. 
Another reason that contributed to tlie same 
result was that about this time there was quite 
an interest, among farmers' boys to have a 
trotter. Not having any suitable mares, aud 
there being at that time no standard stallions 
with any trotting inheritance to produce 
speed, they took their scrub mares to some 
scrub stallion that could trot in three minutes, 
perhaps, and the result of the move was a crop 
of perfectly .worthless colts, fit for no purpose 
whatever; too small to be put to any kind of 
