4 8ST 
fHE RURAL I81W-Y0RKER, 
streets in villages fifty or a hundred years ago 
had plauted hardy nut-bearing trees instead 
of the maples, elms, eatalpas, poplars and sim¬ 
ilar kinds uow seen on every side, doing ser¬ 
vice ouly for shade and ornament. Yes, sup¬ 
pose it had been suggested that nut trees li^e 
to a great age, are handsome, afford as good 
shade as other kinds, besides bearing seeds 
that are valuable as food, aud suppose these 
suggestions had been acted upon by a large 
majority of those who wore about planting 
wayside trees ? It certainly requires HO great 
stretch of imagination to see what would have 
been the result. Rows of fruitful and noble 
shellb irk hickories would now be growing in 
hundreds of New England villages instead of 
the insect infested elms, poplars and lindens, 
the wood of which is not worth one-fourth as 
much when cut down, as the hickory or in 
fact that of any of the waluuts. 
Transplanting Nut-Bearing Trees.—Iu 
the same bright journal, the experienced D. 
B. Wierof Marshall Co., Ill., gives some facts 
which should at least weaken the belief enter¬ 
tained by many that nut-bearing trees do not 
transplant well. During the last 34 years he 
has planted tens of thousands of black and 
white walnut, chestnut and pecan trees, at the 
ages of one, two and three years, with as lit¬ 
tle loss as he has met in transplanting any 
other hai'd-wooded trees. A year ago last 
spring he transplanted 10,000 oue and two- 
year-old black-walnuts. The planting was 
done late and quite carelessly, uud the summer 
following was quite dry, but uearly every tree 
grew. This last spring he transplanted 8,000 
two years old also late and with as little labor 
as possible, very thickly in rows. Now after 
one of the driest seasons ever kuown, nearly 
all are alive. His experience with the chest¬ 
nut and other trees uamed has been about the 
same. 
“Frozen Truths.” —Hon. Amos J. Cum¬ 
mings entertained the farmers of the Steuben 
County (N. Y.) fair with some very plain 
talk. He referred to the Agricultural Col¬ 
lege Endowment Act of 18l>3, as the greatest 
mistake Congress ever committed for the 
farmers, while it iueaut to help them. Add to 
this, ho says, the land principalities and 
empires given to railway coiporations in the 
past 80 years, and the loss to the farmer 
equals a sum greater than the sum of the 
national debt at the close of the war. The 
most of the money has gone into the pockets 
of the speculators who have gained control of 
the railroads and mauaged them for their 
own personal interests. These are the men 
who have been taking the farmers’ profit? 
every year iu freights. All this money and 
laud might have been saved if the farmers 
had united uud protected their own interests, 
as the manufacturers, railroad and other or¬ 
ganizations do. 
“Count me out,” continued the Congress¬ 
man, “ atnoug those who paint in rosy 
colors the free and cosy life of the farmer. If 
you are so fortuuate as to secure a heavy crop 
as the result of a favorable season, prices are 
pretty certain to rule low. The great abund¬ 
ance of everything you have to sell will force 
them down. On the contrary, if the season is 
unfavorable and prices rule high, you have 
very little to sell. Escaping the snares of 
speculators uud the wiles of the sharper, you 
may not be able to avoid the thousand aud 
oue evils brought upon us by the sin of Adam. 
Indeed, a farmer’s life is a continual warfare 
in which more perish in the first skirmish 
than survive to draw pensions. It is a war¬ 
fare, however, that has u life recompense. 
While you may sometimes feel the tug of war 
more keenly than those engaged in other pur¬ 
suits, you are iu a position to enjoy most of 
nature’s pure and unadulterated blessings. 
You think you are laboriug for yourselves 
alone, but you are not. The product of your 
hands is not only the foundation of our 
national wealth, but upon it depends the wel¬ 
fare uud progress of mankind.” 
Dwarf Apple Treks. —What the Rural 
has said, from time to time, regarding the 
dwarf apple trees, or bushes, as they might 
better be called, which we have cultivated for 
13 years, calls out many inquiries. The Para¬ 
dise is the stock used, and the following varie¬ 
ties worked upon this stock are preferred: 
Primate, Alexander, Duchess of Oldonburgh, 
Fall Pippin, Uravenstein, Maiden’s Blush, 
Canada Kcinette, Northern Spy, Mother, 
Twenty Ounce, Wogenur, Red Astraehan and 
Hawthornden. These trees are beautiful for 
the fruit garden, beautiful iu flower as in fruit. 
It must ho remembered that they are really 
bushes rarely excepdiug 13 feet high, aud of¬ 
ten not over live feet, bearing fruit when 
from two to four years old, while it is much 
larger thuu the same fruit upou standards, 
Mr. P. Barry mentions that he has had Red 
Astrachaus on Paradise stock that measured 
J1 inches iu circumference. These bush ap¬ 
ples are, according to our views, for gardens, 
not for orchards. 
Stealing Brains. —The following is takeu 
verbatim from Hoard’s Dairyman: 
“ There is some piracy on the laud as well 
as some on the sea. We have a pretty inti¬ 
mate acquaintance with a man who, a few 
months ago, at the particular request of the 
Rural New-Yorker, wrote a long article 
giving a succinct history of the methods that 
had been resorted to from time to time, to 
test the butter value of large masses of cream 
and milk by churning and finely measuring 
specimens ofr the said masses, and finally end¬ 
ing with describing the oil-test churns and 
how they operate. The article was duly writ¬ 
ten, signed with a nom de plume , and the Ru¬ 
ral New-Yorker folks paid cash for it like 
gentlemen, as they are, and owned it, as much 
as any other property they ever paid for. 
But we see it wandering round the world 
without a sign of credit or thanks to the pa¬ 
per that paid its money for it. Surely, if aa 
article is worth reproducing, is it worthy to 
bear its own name, and have its pedigree put 
on record. A number of agricultural jour¬ 
nals are very fond of reproducing articles 
from the Dairyman without giving credit. In 
mauy instances we have noticed that the ideas 
were ail culled carefully out and the article 
re-written. Such editing is contemptible aud 
unworthy of any self-respecting journalist.” 
That is very true. That one journal should 
pay for its leading contributions and that 
another should appropriatejsuch contributions 
or re-write them, without any credit to the orig¬ 
inal source is in our view, just as much steal¬ 
ing as if the misappropriations were mouoy 
instead of ideas. How editors eau set them¬ 
selves up as moral teachers while every issue 
of their journals is proof against their integ¬ 
rity it is hard to see. This sort of tboft is go¬ 
ing on in many ways. .One article will be 
credited to “Ex.,” which is no credit at all. 
Other articles will be takeu from the reports, 
lectures or addresses of distinguished writers 
or speakers and so signed, as to lead the reader 
to suppose they were written specially for the 
paper in which they appear—an injustice 
alike to the author aud to those pai>ers that 
pay for articles from the same sources. The 
worst of the whole business is. as we have be¬ 
fore renmrked, that the reader, as a rule, 
does not know that he supports a journal 
whose editor is a thief. 
BRIEFS. 
B. F. Johnson has a good word to say in 
the American Garden about dwarf apples— 
those on Paradise, not Douein stock. He says, 
writing from Champaign Co., Ills., that be¬ 
sides being hardy aud resisting the adverse 
influences of intense frost following great 
heat and prolonged drought,planted alongside 
of standards at the same time, the dwarfs on 
Paradise stocks yield fruit from five to ten 
years before it is expected of the others. We 
have no doubt of it. Nursery trees, two years 
old, pin need 10 years ago at the Rural 
Grounds, bore the seeoud year thereafter and 
every year since. 
Prof. Swenson, the chemist in charge at 
the Parkinson sugar works at Fort Scott, 
Kausas, writes to Colmau’s Rural World as 
follows: 
“This season has but begun but already 
several “strikes” have been made. Not a 
single ‘’strike” has yielded less than 100 
pounds per ton of clean cane. The strike of 
yesterday was from 189 tons of cane and we 
obtained 83,000 pounds of malada which was 
boiled to grain in the pau, and which will 
yield at. least 50 per cent, of sugar. The cane 
is improving aud I think complete success is 
assured. I think a yield of 135 pounds will be 
obtained.”....... 
The Guernsey Breoder thinks that soft¬ 
wood charcoal, especially willow, ought 
always to be kept in a cow stable. If a cow 
is dull, give her a teacupful in her bran’or 
other feed. “It is the best regulator of the 
stomach aud bowels known”. 
G. W. Farlke, of Trenton, N. J., reports 
to the Breeders' Gazette that his cow, Gazelle 
8d, 9855, produced from August 3nd, 188fl, to 
August 0, 1SST, 751 pounds 0 ounces of butter. 
Her grain rations averaged less than 10.D a 
pounds daily... 
The good Dr. Hoskins of Vermont finds the 
Pearl of Savoy Potato very popular with 
market gardeners and very productive as 
well... 
IT should uot be forgotteu, says the Breed¬ 
ers’ Gazette, that, while the improved breeds, 
to give their best returns may require more 
care and attention than some of the scrubs, 
it pays to keep those improved breeds aud give 
them the care they need. A buffalo will en¬ 
dure more privation than a well-bred Short¬ 
horn, Hereford, or Aberdeen Angus, but uo 
farmer will find it profitable to raiso buffa¬ 
loes for beef.. .. 
According to the sound view of the Rural 
Vermonter, a journal has uo right to ask of 
its subscribers anything in the name of ohar- 
ity, or on the strength of promises, except iu 
so fw as the past is a guarantee for pledges 
for tb®» future. 
Wait until after the first hard freeze. 
Then mulch the strawberry plants, heavily 
between the rows, lightly on top of them. .. 
IT is well to bear iu mind, as is often ad¬ 
vised by those who have tried both ways, that 
eggs from hens kept without roosters, will 
keep at least twice as long as those from hens 
running with roosters..... 
The Husbandman says before the Autumn 
rains sow Timothy seed to give it the best 
chances of vigorous growth that will with¬ 
stand the rigors of winter. 
Cows at pasture after the first severe frost 
want something more than the damaged grass. 
Grain will come in play as well as in mid-win¬ 
ter. . 
By all means get potatoes out of the ground 
before fall rains have made the task of digging 
disagreeable.. . 
Several years ago the Rural spoke of 
grafted hickory trees and of the success in 
grafting this tree which the well-known 
grafter, J. R. Trunipey. of Flushing, Long 
Island, bad met with iu bis work. Mr. A. S. 
Fuller, also well-knowu as a horticulturist, in¬ 
sisted that the hickory could uot be grafted. 
We offered him the proof and called for a re¬ 
traction nf bis statement He remained silent 
« 
on the subject, until now we find a remark 
undi'r his name in the Orchard and Garden as 
follows: “That hickories can be grafted with 
choice varieties, is certain, but the best mode 
of performing the operation has not as yet 
been fully determined”... 
Mr. Olcott . iu his department of the 
Hartford Courant, advises that lime and salt 
be laid on the cellar-floor: that salted white¬ 
wash (after straining), be sprayed over all 
inside surfaces; that several pounds of sulphur 
be burned at different times. All this will be 
flue for die moldy floors aud rooms overhead. 
Keep apples outside, headed in the barrels, 
till the cellar gets cold, and you shall have ap¬ 
ples until they grow agaiu. 
Prof. Atwater, iu the last Ceutury, says 
that the only actual comparative tests ou 
record between the relative digestibility of 
butter and oleomargarine were made by Prof. 
Mayer in Holland. Iu these 97.5 to 98.4 per 
cent, of the fat of .oleomargarine was di¬ 
gested. The average difference was l.fi per 
cent, in favor of the butter. 
Mr. Haaff, in the American Stockman, 
tells of a farmer who has engaged to dehorn 
over 4,000 head of cattle for his neigbborsthis 
fall, aud lie is going from farm to farm all 
over his own and adjoining counties to do the 
work. 
T. B. Terry mentions, in the Ohio Practi¬ 
cal Farmer, that on many a cold morning 
on the cars he has seen what appeared to be 
good, warm barns, while somewhere on the 
farm the cattle were eating stalks, or even 
hay, ou the snow. He concludes that there 
would be just as much souse iu a mau's walk¬ 
ing along through a heavy shower with an 
umbrella under bis arm,. 
IDs cows, he says, are treated kiudly, and 
humored iu all their whims and notions. He 
would discharge a man almost as quickly for 
atrikiug a cow as for knocking him down. 
There are a great many men who are not fit to 
come near a lot of cattle. He has knowu men 
who used to come into his barn and go all 
around among the cows and steers and never 
be noticed, while other? would bring every 
animal to its feet as soon as they were in the 
door. Animals are good readers of human 
uature, and it is quite important that they 
have a feeder that they like. Kindness will 
make the hay mow go further; but for hu¬ 
manity’s sake one ought always to treat the 
poor brutes, who work for their board ouly, 
with gentleness, and make them comfortable. 
Amid the general depression of British agri¬ 
culture the Clydesdale horse trade is booming, 
chiefly owing to the great demand for these 
fine horses iu this country. Nearly 50 per 
cent, of t he whole number exported come here, 
according to the Farming World, and our im¬ 
ports this year are already more than 300 
greater than in the corresponding period last 
year. Second aud third-class animals were 
largely imported in the past, but now choice 
auiruals are eagerly sought. Canada is next 
to the United States as an importer, so far as 
numbers are concerned, and ahead of the 
States iu quality, we are told. 
Up to the latter part of July Canadian farm 
era had exported $2,300,000 worth of cheese, 
against $1,350,000 worth for the corresponding 
period last year, and the prices have been 
enough better to gladdeu the hearts of the 
producers.... 
Agriculture in England is still as de¬ 
pressed as ever, if not more so. The London 
Standard, as an instance of the general de¬ 
pression, tells of 75 farms, comprising 31,473 
acres, near Chelmsford, within 30 miles from 
Loudon, all of which are without a tenant.... 
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Sold everywhere. Price, Ccticcra, 30c.; Soap, 25c.: 
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. Itr Send for "How to Core Skin Diseases." 
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Skin and Scalp preserved and beautified 
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MAKE HENS LAY 
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OIL MEAL. 
ALSO KNOWN AS 
LINSEED Mill AND OILCAKE MEAL. 
Most profitable addition to the food of Live Stock 
known semi for latest circulars giving full Informa¬ 
tion. and list of valuable food rations 
Now Is the time to buy. Prices very much lower 
than ever before. Quotations given for any quantity, 
aud freights named to all points. 
We guarantee our meal strictly pure, and manufac¬ 
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MANX BRO«. & CO., 
Niagara Lirseeil Oil Works, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Mention the Hi ral New-Yorker. 
Patented 
Nov. 24,1885. 
CHAMPION 
FENCE 
wirpasses allother wire and picket fence machines, 
for making strong ami durable fences in the field, 
that nostock wul break down. On rough, billy 
ground, it keeps pickets perpendicular, which no 
other machine will do without constant adjustment 
It is easy to handle, uses anv kind nf pickets, and 
auv size of wire. Write Cor circular and price. 
WAYNE AGRICULTURAL CO., Richmond, kd. 
We build Automatic Engines from 2 to 200 H. P. 
equal to anything in market. 
with or without boilers, low for cash. 
B. YV. PAYKE & SOYS, 
lox 17. Elmira, X. Y 
THE UNION HORSE-POWER 
Hulht Urjcjjt Truck Wbr*U. DOUBLE UK tKKD. NO RODS. 
a* kKtaiM;s,»i>a lkv kl trf.ad. 
A. tt. I 4 HU l It A It York, Pt 
BLACKSMITHING on the FARM 
S»re llmeuil mowr fcy ’ulrqj Holt'* Hlebrtle4 
F0R6E and KIT of TOOLS 
larger Sice, *25. Single Forge. tlO. 
BUdiraltkC Tools, IIalld DrlUa, Ac. 
HOIT MFft. C0 H 5'2 t,ulr *i Way t ioiiAiui, q. 
THE LIGHTNING HITCH 
Is ah invention by which a horse 
van be hitched and leu hitch-•! 
to and fora a earring* almost 
INSTAVI'l.Y. Easily ami 
t lUMiplj A llj 11 st Oil IO an 1 / St i 
ofH- nnovd,doing aw ay with long 
traces, breech straps, fastening and unfastening of 
buckles; pulls from wiurtletroj fay.'i-A, simple , 
A<*. Comfortable to the horse. J'AyMsue.h ►« «.»•-, SrlUan 
sinht. Agents wanted everywhere Semi for circular 
Address Thu LU.UTMXG III IC'li CO.j V rk, Pa. 
THE GRANGER FAMILY FR1 IT auil VEGETABLE 
EVAPORATORS. 
93.50. Stf.OO anil SI O.OO. 
Send foroltvuhir Easiekn M vnc- 
fact'g Co., 268 S. Fifth st„ Phlla. 
AGENTS 
and far mere with no experience make $2.50 nn 
hour during Apare time. J.\ . Kenyon.Gians Falla, 
N. Y., made $1S one day, $70.50 one week. 
So can you. Proofs and cainlogne tree. 
J. E. Shepard Co., Cincinnati, Q. 
