THE RURA 
also recommends such State legislation, in all 
States where it does not already exist, as has 
throttled oleomargarine in New York and 
driven it out of New Hampshire, Iowa and 
Minnesota. This is considered safer than to 
attempt any modification of the national law, 
which would give a chance to the paitf attor¬ 
neys of the butter counterfeiters to smuggle 
iu an amendment that might cripple or mil 
lify its entire efficiency. It is desired to bring 
hotels, boarding-houses, restaurants, dining 
cars, steamboats, and all providers of food 
for the public, within the operation of the 
laws to prevent fraud in the sale of oleomar¬ 
garine, the serving of a pat to be considered 
retailing it: and to show the earnestness of t,, e 
convention, it was unanimously resolved 
RURAL NEW-YORKER NO. 2 P 
National Butter, Cheese and Egg Association 
opened in Manchester, Iow’a, on the afternoon 
of the 1st of November and closed on the 
evening of the 3d. It was the largest and 
most enthusiastic convention ever held by the 
association; but the number and scope of the 
subjects considered have been fn quently ex¬ 
ceeded. A good deal of time was expended in 
receptions, speeches and responses, and in 
general congratulations and compliments—all 
iu accord with the social spirit aroused on the 
occasion. The attendance during the days 
was from 1,200 to 1,500, and in the evening 
must have reached 3,000, 
STATISTICS. 
The first solid work was the reading of 
reports from vice-presidents. These were not 
as numerous or as complete as usual, except 
iu the case of New York city and po-sibly Chi¬ 
cago. The receipts of butter in Boston, dur¬ 
ing 1837, were 37,000,000 pounds—a small in¬ 
crease over last year. The receipts of butter 
in Chicago, for the current year, it was esti¬ 
mated, will reach 125,750,000 ponuds, while 
the shipments will reach 40.425,000 pounds. 
The receipts of cheese are given as 125,750,000 
pounds, and shipments 116.500,000. New 
York reports more fully. The receipts of 
butter for 1887 were 1,062,400 packages, or 93,- 
712.480 pounds valued at *21.857,088.20. The 
average price for Eastern creamery was 
27 cents, and for all grades of creamery, 25 
cents: while extra grades of dairy averaged 
25 cents, and all grades 22 cents. Western 
creamery averaged 20 cents, and all grades 
24 cents, while Western butter, not creamery, 
averaged 16 cents. The receipts of butter 
from May 1 to Nov. 1, 1880, were 1,040,968 
packages, and in 1887 they were 1.048,125 
packages—a falling off of 1,848 packages. The 
receipts of cheese in New York for 1887 were 
1,055,727 boxes, or 100,086,895 pounds, valued 
at §12.189.882.82. Of these, 3,058,205 ponuds 
were from the West, at the price of O.’.t cents, 
while the Eastern receipts brought 11 j.f eeuts 
a pound The receipts of cheese from May 1 
to Nov. 1, this year, were 1.585,730 boxes, 
against 1,424,307 boxes for the corresponding 
period last year. Toe exports of butter Irom 
New York this year have been 9,033,400 
pounds, valued at $1,986,030, and of cheese, 
81,943,400 pounds, valued at $9.013.774—a to¬ 
tal of $11,000,454, The receipts of oleomar¬ 
garine iu Now York during the year ending 
Nov. 1 were 24.0(53 packages, or 4.200,000 
pounds: the amount estimated to have been 
manufactured iu New York and Brooklyn 
was 25,000 packages—a total of 2,450,Out) 
pounds. Last year the amount bandied was 
185,000 packages, or 9,250,000pounds, showing 
a reduction this year ot about 75 per cent. 
Since the New York law was declared consti¬ 
tutional by the Court of Appeals, the receipts 
of oleomargarine have not been worth noting. 
THE OLEOMARGARINE QUESTION. i 
“that no man shall receive our votes for Con¬ 
gress, or for the State legislature, or for any 
executive office, who is not squarely pledged 
to the suppression of fraud against our dairy 
interests.” That the oleomargarine law has 
already accomplished a great good is self- 
evident to all, and it is none the less desirable 
to retain it because the bogus butter men who 
pronounce it a failure desire to have it re¬ 
pealed. 
OUR DAIRY INTERESTS. 
Only two papers were read and one address 
was delivered that had a direct bearing on 
our dairy interests. Mr. J. H. Monrad, of 
Chicago, advocated, the use of uniform appli¬ 
ances in the dairy as one means of securing 
uniformity of product, and W. D. Hoard, 
nual increase, allowing for all drawbacks, 
cannot be less than 2.5 per cent. This gives 
us 15,100,780 cows for the year 1887, an in¬ 
crease siuee last year of 309.773. These, at 
$530 a cow, are worth $11,093.190, as one source 
of income for the current year. Production 
must have increased iu the same or probably 
a greater ratio, as there has been a marked 
improvement in cows. At the same rate, this 
year’s product would amount to $277,477,429. 
More than half of the annual milk yield 
is used up iu its natural condition. This is 
worth $800,000,000 more. Our condensed milk 
business must equal that of 1879, when it was 
valued at $1,547,588. The annual product of 
manure, at $7 a cow—some estimate it at $10 
—is $100,125,110. The product of $1,000,000 
This occupi cd a 
large share of the at¬ 
tention of the con¬ 
vention, as it did last 
year. Whereas the 
light was at first to 
get national legisla¬ 
tion, the struggle 
now is to retain it. 
The Commissioner of 
Internal Revenue is 
understood to pro¬ 
nounce the national 
law a failure wnd to 
be prepared to recom- 
mend its repeal. 1 t 
was the sense of the 
convention that uuy 
failure in the law to 
achieve the ends for 
which it was designed 
is due to the failure 
of Congress to make 
suitable appropria¬ 
tion for its enforce¬ 
ment—the effort to 
obtain $50,001) failing 
in the committee— 
and to the luke¬ 
warm,if not antagonistic, attitude of revenue 
officials. The readiness with which those offi¬ 
cials incline to the side of tmgus-but ter makers 
is strongly suggestive of their coming in con¬ 
tact with other “grease* 1 than that kuowu as 
oleomargarine. Nothing but an aroused pop¬ 
ular will, that indicates to every Congressman 
and senator that he will sound his political 
death-knoll if he votes to repeal or weaken the 
national statute, will prevent the oleomarga¬ 
rine forces from successfully availing it. They 
are utterly unscrupulous iu their arguments 
and methods, und are understood to bo using 
money freely for the accomplishment of their 
purposes. Tho convention adopted resolutions 
calliug on Congress to make (suitable provis¬ 
ion at its next session for the rigorous enforce¬ 
ment of the national oleomargarine law, It 
SAL NEW-YORKER NO. 4 POTATO. 
Esq., of Ft. Atkinson, gave a lecture on the 
“General-Purpose Cow,’’ or rather iu favor of 
breeding and feeding for specific purposes, he 
considering the general-purpose cow a failure. 
He wants a race-horse and not a draft horse, 
nor a combination uf the two. or a conglom¬ 
eration of mauy breeds, for the race course. 
*Su the draft horse should be specially bred for 
his purpose and uot be expected to have a 2:20 
gait. Hounds are bred for the chase and 
heavier dogs for watching. The dairy cow 
has a specific form, organization and nervous 
system, all calculated for ttie most efficient 
performance of the functions of maternity, of 
which milk-giving is a most important one. 
These functions will not bear exposure, cruelty 
or neglect, but demand the most careful con¬ 
sideration at the hands Of the dairyman, 
From Nature. Fig. 460. 
family cows not included in the census is not 
less than $30,000,900. The skim-milk and but¬ 
ter-milk left from butter-making, 20,100,321,- 
800 pounds, at 25 cents per 190 pounds, amounts 
$50,417,054. We slaughter one-tenth of our 
cows each year. This gives us for 1887, the 
number of 1,579,095 cow beeves, worth $25 a 
head, or $89,477,375. Counting one bull to 
every 100 Cows, nud the average life of a bull to 
be five years, we have for this year 152,607 
bulls. One-fifth of these is 30,585 aud at $40 a 
head they amount to $1,221,400 for bull beef. 
The manure of 151,607 bulls, at $7 a head, is 
worth $1,001,249 more. Sum these up aud we 
have 
Increase of cows . . . $ 11,098,190 
Butter and cheese . . . 277,477,429 
(Continued on page 784.) 
