4888 
iug their fastidiousness. As a matter of fact, 
there is no such freedom anywhere as in 
really good society. Truly well-bred persons 
never act by rule, neither do they fear giving 
offince by the freedom of their conduct and 
conversation. Their' innate politeness and 
good sense preserve them from vulgarity— 
not the careful observance of a lot of folderol 
rules. 
Persons good at making apologies are 
commonly good for nothing else. 
HOME-MADE HARD SOAP. 
A SUBSCRIBER in Idaho asks for light on 
the hard soap question from the Rural house¬ 
keepers. She says that there the commonest 
kind of yellow soap costs 10 cents per pound. 
She also thinks that soft soap as usually made 
is wretched stuff, and that the time spent over 
it is enough to warrant a better article. 
We have gathered together the following 
information from reliable sources,and trust it 
will meet the needs not only of our far off 
reader, but of others. 
If the following directions are followed 
carefully, the result will be a fine white soap 
which will float, as well as, and very much re¬ 
sembles, ‘‘Ivory” soap. Four pounds of clean 
grease, one pound of Babbitt’s potash, four 
ounces of borax, two ounces of dry ammonia 
(hartshorn). Dissolve the potash in three 
quarts of hot water, then add to it the borax 
and ammonia. Warm the grease and add it 
to the hot mixture. Let the whole boil five 
minutes, then set off in a cool place and stir 
one-half hour. Turn into a box or pan. 
MARY MANN. 
Here is a recipe for making hard soap, 
that my mother used years ago, when “fancy 
soap” was almost unknown, a piece of “brown 
bar” being considered ajuxury to be used only 
in the guest chamber.—Six pounds of clean 
grease, six pounds of sal soda, and three 
pounds of stone lime. Slake the lime and 
put it into four gallons of soft water ; add the 
sal soda, and, when dissolved, let it settle. 
Pour off the water into an iron kettle,and add 
the grease melted, and boil. If the soap does 
not come after boiling a few miuutes, add 
more soft water, till it is of the consistency of 
honey. Wet a tub and pour the hot soap into 
it. When cold, cut into bars, and lay away to 
dry. Always make soap in an iron kettle. If 
it is stirred with a sassafras stick, it will give 
it a pleasant perfume. may maple. 
I was visiting a neighbor the other day. 
and she showed me some very fine hard soap 
she had made with the tallow of a sheep that 
had died. It was in the proportion of two 
pounds each of tallow, sal soda and lime, and 
one gallon of boiliug water to dissolve the so¬ 
da and the lime. It was allowed to settle and 
then the liquid was poured off from the sedi¬ 
ment, and the tallow put in and boiled till 
clear, then poured into a flat box or pan. It 
cut up smooth and seemed strong. In making 
any kind of soap my neighbor said she al¬ 
ways put lime at the bottom of the leach if 
using ashes, as it gave it the caustic power it 
needed, and was a great cleanser and purifier 
An item worth remembering, 
ANNIE L. JACK. 
In a suitable kettle put four pails of good, 
soft soap. Stir into it two quarts of salt, boil 
one hour, stirring occasionally, and then let it 
stand over-night. In the morning remove 
the soap from the top, empty the kettle, rinse 
it out and return the soap, which may not be 
very hard. Pour one pailful of soft water 
over it or half a pailful of the lye that was 
left in the kettle, or if it is in the time of mak¬ 
ing soft soap in the spring, run off the leach a 
pailful of weak lye and put it in with a pint 
of salt. Boil this half an hour, stirring and 
skimming off anything that rises. Let this 
stand over-night and in the morning cut out 
the soap into suitable shape for use, and 
set it up edgewise to dry on a board. It 
will need turning over now and then. It 
may be left in any convenient place to dry, 
but should be kept from sun or rain. It will 
be hard, quite white, and good. This amount 
makes quite a quantity, much cheaper for or¬ 
dinary purposes than the hard soap we buy, 
and with this to recommend it, that we know 
what it is made of. It may be made without 
the second boiliug,but that cleanses and makes 
it whiter. If made out-of-doors in the kettle, 
after ordinary soap making, it is always well 
to cover the kettle over the top that no harm 
may come to it. Where a great deal of soap 
is used in a family this is a useful recipe. The 
longer hard soap stands to dry before it is 
used the better it is. Pack, if you like, in a box 
when hard enough to put away. 
AUNT RACHEL. 
Take nine pounds of sal soda, four and a 
half pounds of unslaked lime and six gallons 
of rail) water. Heat to the boiling point in a 
brass or iron kettle, turn into ail earthern 
vessel to settle over-night, carefully pouring 
the liquid from the sediment the next day. 
Heat the liquid and add nine pounds of clean 
grease, boil until quite thick and turn into a 
box or tub to cool. Then cut into small 
pieces and store in a dry place. I have fol¬ 
lowed these directions for several years with 
the best of results. One year I did not boil it 
sufficiently and the result was that it did not 
harden. I then reheated it adding about a 
gallon of rain water, boiled it ten minutes and 
turned it out again. It hardened before it was 
cold. MRS. A. E. B. 
Dissolve 25 pounds of white potash in 
three pailfuls of water ; heat 20 pounds of 
strained grease, add the dissolved potash and 
boil together until thick. Take it from the 
fire, stir in cold water until it becomes thin. 
Then put to each pailful of soap a pint of salt 
and stir it well. Let it cool, and when hard 
take it off the lye and heat it over a slow fire. 
If you wish it yellow, put in a little palm oil 
and turn it into wooden vessels. *When cold 
cut it in bars and let them stand in the sun 
several days to get dry. 
I prefer a mixture of lye and potash to pot¬ 
ash alone. The lye from hard-wood ashes is 
best. It should be just strong enough to bear 
up an egg, or a potato the size of an egg, so 
that a part of the egg or potato as large as a 
silver quarter is exposed. Sometimes the soap 
will not harden, although you may have tak¬ 
en the proper proportions. At such times add 
a lump of lime as large as your fist; if that is 
not enough add another. I have known this 
to make soap form when all hopes of success 
had fled. When using potash be careful not 
to pour off any of the sediment with the clear 
liquid. 
When making your own lye from hard-wood 
ashes, use a barrel having holes bored in the 
bottom. Have it raised in a slanting position 
upon four bricks resting on a wide board with 
a channel cut in the board for the lye to run 
off into a kettle. Soak the ashes at first by 
pouring on a little water at a time, and then 
a gallon every hour or so until the strength is 
exhausted. * * * 
Take six pounds of sal soda, three pounds 
of stone lime. Put in a boiler with four pailfuls 
of soft water, and simmer slowly two or three 
hours, not boil or it will not settle well. Pour 
off the clear liquid, add one more pail of wa¬ 
ter, six pounds of grease, one teacupful of 
salt, and boil until it becomes soap, then pour 
it out to cool—after which cut it up. This 
makes a pleasant soap to use, and is most ex¬ 
cellent for washing clothes. mrs. d. 
Put into four gallons of boiliug water six 
pounds of washing soda and three pounds of 
unslaked lime. Let stand until pefectly clear, 
drain off, put over the fire with six pounds of 
clean fat. Boil for almost two hours; that is, 
until it begins to harden, and stir a good part 
of the time. While boiling, thin from time to 
time as there is danger of its boiling ever, 
with about two gallons of cold water which 
has been poured over the alkaline mixture 
and allowed to settle. Just before taking 
from the fire add a cup of salt. Turn into a 
tub and when cold cut into small pieces. 
MRS. ECONOMY. 
THE CHAMPION 
Blood-purifier, Ayer’s Sarsaparilla leads 
an others in age, merit, and popularity. It 
tones up the system, improves the appetite, 
strengthens the nerves, and vitalizes the 
Blood. Just what you need. Try it. 
“ I am selling your goods freely, and more 
of Ayer’s Sarsaparilla than of all other blood- 
medicines put together.”—li. A. McWilliams, 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
Ayer’s Sarsaparilla, 
Prepared by Dr. .T. C. Ayer & Co.. Lowell, Mass. 
Price $1; six bottles, $5. Worth $■"> a bottle. 
JOHN SAUL’S 
WASHINGTON NURSERIES. 
OUH CATALOGUE OF 
NEW, RAKE ANI» BEAUTIFUL 
PLANTS 
For 18^8 will be ready In February It contains list of 
all the most beautiful and Rare Greenhouse and Hot¬ 
house plants in cultivation, as well as all novelties of 
merit well grown and at very low prices. Every 
plant lover should have a copy. 
(lltCII IBS.— A very large stoek of choice East In¬ 
dian, American, etc;. Also Catalogue of Roses, Or- 
(•bids, Trees, etc. All free to applicants. 
JOHN !*AV!i s >Yh nil into on, 1 >. C, 
Wells,Richardson & Co’s 
_ _ f STRENGTH 
EXCELS IN J PURITY 
( BRIGHTNESS 
Always gives a bright natural color, never 
turns rancid. Will not color the Buttermilk. 
Used by thousands of the best Creameries and 
Dairies. Do not allow your dealer to convince you 
that some other kind is just as good. Tell him the 
BEST is what you want, and you must have Wells, 
Richardson & Go’s Improved Butter Color. 
Three sizes, 25 c. 50 c. $ 1 . 00 . For sale every where. 
WELLS, RICHARDSON & CO. Burlington, Vt. 
(33 Colors.) DIAMOND DYES 
h~2Sc~ are the Purest, Cheap¬ 
est,Strongest, and most 
, ..-v-sass™® Durable Dyes ever made. 
' One 10c. package will color 
I to 4 pounds of Dress Goods, Garments,Yarns, Rags, 
etc. Unequalled for Feathers, Ribbons. and all Fancy 
Dyeing. Also Diamond Paints, fov Gilding, Bronz¬ 
ing, etc. Any color Dye or Paint, with full instructions 
and sample card mailed for 10 cents. At all Druggists 
WELLS, RICHARDSON & CO., BURLINGTON, VT. 
GLASS MILK JARS 
With “ Lightning” Stoppers, manufactured by 
WHITNEY GLASS WORKS 
227 S. Front Street, 35 Murray Street, 
Philadelphia. New York. 
CHANNEL CAN CREAMERY . 
Makes the most Butter. Raises all the Crean 
without ice. We furnish Churns. Rutter 
Workers and all kinds of Dairy am 
Creamery Hoods. First order at whole 
tale. _ Agents Wanted. Send for circulars. 
WOl. £. LINCOLN OO., 
Warren, Mass., and Ft. Atkinson, Wis. 
SMALL’S FEEDER 
Supplies A Wantnever * ** 
before 8LCCK38FEI,1,Y met by 
Invention. The calf SITES Us 
food SLOWLY, in a natural way, 
thriving as well as when fed on 
its mother. Now used in every 
State andTerritory in theUnion. 
Worth many times its cost. Sat¬ 
isfaction guaranteed or money 
refunded. Try it. 
U, B. Small Sc Co., 21 So. Markets!., Boston,Ma 
EPPS’S 
GRATEFUL-COMFORTING 
COCOA 
Hedge Plants. 
Nothing adds to the beauty and 
value of the premises as do well 
kept hedges. We offer over half 
a million Splendid Hedge Plants, 
Osage Orange, Honey Locust, Ar¬ 
bor Yit-ae,.Norway Spruce, etc. Also 
everything in the Seed, Flower, 
Fruit and Tree line. A valuable 
catalogue containing 136 pages with 
hundreds of illustrations, free. 
The Slorrs & Harrison Co. 
Painesville, Lake Co., Ohio. 
PHI ft ^ vcat * lomoan 'l make more money working for us than 
V 9■VI at anythin}? else in the world. Either sex. Costly outfit 
FKKE. Terms Fit EH. Address, TKUK & Co., Augusta, Maine. 
rn$3.75 S TEA(MC00KER 
waRI -— r It 11 i 
VV ewant anactive and intelligent man 
1 or woman to represent us in each town, 
pgjv— ^ To those who are willing to work we 
T 4 promise large profits, (looker and 
Jj Outfit free. Apply at once for Terms 
WI1.MOT ( ASTI.K Si CO., Itorhi'kter. N. Y. 
\ 
UOME 1 STUDY. Book-keeping, Business 
• 1 IVI CtForms.Penmanshlp,Arithmetic,Short¬ 
hand, etc., thoroughly taught by MAIL. Circulars free. 
BRYANT & STRATTON’S, Buffalo, N. Y. 
AGENTS 
and farmers with no experience make $2.50 an 
hour during spare time. J.V. Kenyon, Glens Falls, 
N. Y., made SIS one day, 876.50 one week. 
So can you. Proofs and catalogue free. 
J. E. Shkpabd & Co., Cincinnati,O. 
WANTED. 
H E L P ses paid. Steady work. New 
$25 a week and expeu- 
,_ ly work. New goods. 
Samples free. J.F.HILL *fcCO., Augusta, Me. 
ANY l’KKSOV CAN PLAY 
out PIANO AND ORGAN Th'o 
*aid of a teacher by using Soper’s 
Instantaneous Ouide to the keys. No previous 
knowledge of music whatever required. Send for 
book of testimonials, free. Andress SOPER 
MUSIC CO., Box 1484, NEW YORK, N. Y. 
MUSIC 
1 * ACK ICO Horn* Card*. On* Pack K*cort Card*, On* Pack 
Flirtation Card*. On* Pack Uold-to-tho-Lighi Carda.Th* OracU, 
with which von o*n toll any poraon'a ag*; auj largo ifeklpl* 
d*it fi»su0 (.%> J«, 4U Tor©oljr Ck>*‘ 
. to SB2 pet rod. 
All sizes and widths. J.old by us or any dealer in this line of 
goods. FREIGHT PAID. Information free. 
Write The McMULLEN woven wire FENCE CO. 
No. MAKKET AND ONTAItlO STS., CHICAGO, I' I, 
Besi 
Steel 
Wire 
ly 
WOVEN WIRE FENCING 
Wira Rope Selvage 
If you intend to buy a 
hay car (of which we make 
three (3) styles) a grappling 
Fork or a Sulky Plow. 
Send for prices, etc., to 
Fowler & Farrington, 
Taughannock Falls, N.V. 
J Send ‘20 cents for a package of Flush, 
_ S Silk, Satin, and Velvet for Patch- 
u> F. O. WEiiosinsr, Providence, R .Ly 
lUal (Stetate. 
Jarvis-Conklin 
MORTGAGE TRUST Co., 
KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI. 
Capital Paid-up . SI,000,000 
Surplus ..100.006 
Reserve Liability.1,000,000 
Offers its 6 Per Cent. Debenture Bonds of $500. 
$1,000 and $5,000. running ten years, to Trus¬ 
tees, Guardians, and Individual Investors. 
Secured by First Mortgages on Real Estate worth three 
times the amount of the loan, and held by the Mer¬ 
cantile Trust Company of New York, Trustee. 
Secured also by the entire paid-up capital of *1,000,000. 
It also offers (iUARANTFERS IX PERCENT, 
first mortgages on Kansas City business property and 
improved farms in KANSAS and MISSOURI. 
Call at office or write for full particulars to 
Jarvis-Conklin Mortgage Trust Co., 
New York City, 289 Broadway. 
Providence, R. I., 27 Custom House St. 
Philadelphia, Pa., 144 South 4th St. 
London, England. 95 Gresham St. 
Knmiv Sinntll Good Land, near the sea, cheap, 
launiiy tJUllUI, Fine climate, excellent markets 
Circulars free. E. C. Lindsay Co., Norfolk.Va. 
MARY LAN D FA RM S. Book and Map FREE 
C. E. SHAN A HAN. Attorney, EASTON, MIX 
S00.000TIMBER 
LANDS! 
In Northern Wisconsin, 
Will be sold at $5.00 an acre, 011 long time, to 
Actual Settlers. Rich Boil— healthful climate- 
good drinking water—tine market facilities—steady 
demand lor labor at good wages. Purchase nowand 
have choice of lands. Full information with maps, 
pamphlet, etc., furnished FREE Address 
LAND COMMISSIONER. 
W. c R. R. . Milwaukee. Wis. 
All Wanting’ Farms. 
Good land for Fruit. Grapes. Peaches, Vegetables, 
Poultry, Grain and Tobacco; 30 miles South of Phila¬ 
delphia, on a line with Baltimore. Md. Best of Mar¬ 
kets, Mild Climate. Healthy, no Malaria. Wild Land. 
*25 per acre. Town Lots, 8150. Easy terms. Also Im¬ 
proved Farms. Prosperous business place. Better 
than the cold Northwest. For circulars, etc., address 
C. K. LANDIS, Proprietor, Vineland, N. Y. 
HOME in the High Pine Lands of Florada; 40acres, 
a ( ash Bargain. Fruit crop alone will pay interest on 
investment. Address, with stamp. 
T. WARD, Harvard, Marion Co., Fla. 
FARMS FOR SALE. 
The Equitable Trust Co. offers for sale a large num¬ 
ber of Improved and Unimprove ) Farms In Iowa, 
Missouri, Indiana and Illinois. These farms were 
acquired under mortgage forclosure, a v «d will be -old 
at low valuation, ou easy terms, iu tracts from 40 to 
1,000 acres. Address, staring number of acres, kind of 
land, and what. State wanted. 
G. W. KENDALL., W. Maug’r, 
?1 WASHINGTON ST., CHICAGO, ILL. 
