THE RURAL HEW-YORKER. 
pounds 2 % ounces of butter in a week, 23.66 
pounds of milk making a pound of butter—is 
doubtless still fresh in their minds, as well as 
her great victory at the Dairy Show in New 
York in winning the sweepstakes over all the 
dairy breeds for largest butter yields in 24 
hours. No less remarkable was the record of 
her daughter, Clothilde 2d, as a four-year-old 
—23,602 pounds 10 ounces of milk in a year, 
and, later, when six years old, 24 pounds 1>£ 
ounce of butter in a week, 22.38 pounds of 
milk makmga pound of butter—and of Albino 
2d—18,484 pounds 13 ounces of milk in a year 
as a two-year-old, 25 pounds 14}^ ounces of 
butter in a week, and 106 pounds 14 ounces in 
30 days as a three-year-old, 18.69 pounds of 
milk making a pound of butter. 
These three milk records exceed all others 
yet published for animals of the respective 
ages of these cows. Lady Fay gave 20.412 
pounds 3 ounces of milk in a year, and made 
22 pounds ounce of butter in a week. 
Aaggie Rosa gave 20,225 pounds 3 ounces of 
milk in a year, and made 22 pounds 8^ ounces 
of butter in a week, and 87 pounds in 30 days, 
22.3 pounds of milk making a pound of butter. 
The above butter records were made when 
the cows were fed more for quantity than 
quality of milk. Among the most notable 
butter records made in one herd are the fol¬ 
lowing: 
Name. 
Aegis. 
Nether land Peeress. 
Bonanza Maid. 
Netherlaud Dorinda 
Aegis 2d. 
Aaggie Beauty 2d. ... 
Netherland Baroness 4th. 
Carlotta. 
Mottled Beauty. 
Sir Henry of Aagt ie’s El- 
land . 
Netherland Princess 4th.. 
Aaggie Lee. 
Lady Netherland .. 
Netherland Baroness. 
Mottled Beauty 2d.... 
Netherland Consort.. 
Executrix. 
Penola Fletcher. 
Netherland Queen.... 
Age. 
Butter. 
Days. 
Lbs. Milk 
to make 1 
lb. of But¬ 
ter. 
Lbs. Oz. 
18 
25 
13^ 
7 
15 33 
7 
25 
Vi 
7 
16 42 
5 
25 
sv 
7 
15.85 
8 
24 
914 
7 
16.85 
6 
23 
7*4 
7 
21.51 
6 
90 
5*4 
30 
5 
23 
5-34 
7 
17.50 
4 
22 
13*4 
7 
17.74 
7 
22 
1*4 
7 
18.28 
7 
91 
24| 
30 
5 
21 
13 
7 
18.36 
3 
21 
1034 
7 
17.94 
2 
21 
1034 
7 
13.23 
2 
80 
(i 
30 
4 
21 
5 
7 
14 31 
9 
21 
3 
7 
17 
9 
88 
e 
30 
9 
21 
94 
7 
19.69 
4 
20 
11 
7 
14 70 
6 
20 
4*4 
7 
20.26 
4 
20 
414 
7 
17.88 
8 
20 
7 
14.59 
5 
20 
— 
7 
As great a showing as this is for this de¬ 
servedly popular breed of cattle it is not to be 
compared, in our opinion, with the wonderful 
average records made by a large number of 
animals in the Lakeside Herd. Thirty-seven 
cows and heifeis have made milk records that 
average 17,064 pounds three ounces in a year. 
Twenty-five cows and heifers average 18,034 
pounds nine ounces in a year. Niue cows 
and heifers average 20,231 pounds eight 
ounces in a year. Still more remarkable are 
the butter averages: 
100 cows and heifers average 
52 
40 14 “ “ “ 
81 « “ ‘ “ 
22 “ “ “ “ 
15 .. “ 
lbs. ozs. 
18 in a week 
20 10 8-13 •• 
21 1 7 20 •* 
22 27 31 “ 
23 119-22 “ 
24 1 1-15 “ 
These results have, of course, been obtained 
by systematic and judicious breeding, care 
and feed. Year by year, by careful selection, 
by breeding for what we wished to obtain, 
profiting by previous mistakes, we have 
brought the herd to its present standard. 
Others with the same material, by the same 
means, can achieve like results. In the first 
place our cows have the best of care. They 
are warmly housed in the winter, kept clean, 
fed and milked regularly, and have plenty of 
exercise. They are let out in the yard each 
day for an hour or two for water and exer¬ 
cise. By means of steam pipes running into 
the tubs where they drink the chill is taken 
from the water. They are fed three times a 
day at just the same times each day. Their 
rations consist, in winter, of from 10 
to 15 pounds, according to age and con¬ 
dition, of grain feed per day, consisting 
of equal parts of bran and ground oats (which 
mixture weighs 24 pounds to the bushel) from 
eight to 12 quarts of corn silage twice each 
day and what clover and Timothy hay they 
will eat. When they are first putin the stables 
in the fall, before the silos are opened, they 
are fed from four to eight quarts of carrots 
per day instead of silage. The grain is 
scattered over the silage at morniDg and 
night feeding and at noon is fed dry. As 
soon as soiling crops are ready to feed in the 
spring before the cows are turned to pasture, 
they are fed green rye or oats, and their grain 
feed is reduced as circumstances suggest. As 
soon as turned out to pasture in the spring 
the grain ration is gradually reduced, until 
in the flush of feed a large proportion of the 
herd have no grain feed at all. The pasture 
consists of clover and Timothy. In the latter 
part of the summer when the feed begins to 
get short, we feed green corn and sometimes, 
when making special tests, second-growth 
clover green. Our aim is to give our cows as 
great a variety as possible of milk-producing 
food that is not injurious, and furnish them 
with a succession of green food during the year. 
The foregoing is a synopsis of the regular 
feed of the herd. In a few special tests we 
have increased the amount, as in the case of 
Clothilde, for instance. She was fed—as was 
published at the time of the test—as high as 
18 pounds of the grain feed mentioned per 
day and what silage she would eat. In other 
respects her feed was regulated in the same 
way as the rest of the herd. When making 
special tests for butter in the winter season, 
the grain ration is changed by the addition of 
corn meal, making it consist of two parts, by 
weight, of bran, one of ground oats and two 
of corn meal. Sometimes we add to this a 
little oil meal, feeding about one pound of the 
latter in a day’s feed. The same quantity is 
fed as of the other mixture mentioned, the 
amount depending, as before, upon circum¬ 
stances and condition. Many of our best 
butter records, however, have been made on 
grass alone in the flush of feed. 
While the treatment, care and feed play an 
important part in making these records, no 
such results coqld have been obtained except 
with animals of certain strains that have been 
bred for a long time especially for the pro¬ 
duction of milk and butter. All are necessary 
for success, but pedigree, based upon actual 
performance of ancestry, is of prime impor¬ 
tance. We started with the best foundation 
we could obtain and have lost no opportunity 
to improve our herd by breeding or introduc¬ 
ing valuable blood. 
As an illustration and proof of the impor¬ 
tance of pedigree, take the Netherland Fami¬ 
ly. Netherland Queen was the first animal of 
this strain that we imported, and when she 
surprised us by making 20 pounds of butter in 
a week, we naturally concluded that here was 
a representative of a family that would be 
very valuable for the foundation of a butter 
strain of Holstein Friesians, which would 
revolutionize the general idea in regard to this 
breed as butter producers. We at once se¬ 
cured all the members of this family we could 
find in Holland. We have since bred this fam¬ 
ily with special reference to butter production 
with the idea of building up a butter family 
unequaled in any breed. We soon found that 
as a family they had remarkable constitu¬ 
tions as well as the power, to a remarkable 
degree, of transmitting their particular qual¬ 
ities to their offspring. No better material 
could have been found from which to build up 
such a family. Let results show what has 
been accomplished. Twenty one Netherland 
cows, including one two-year-old and five 
three-year-olds, have averaged 19 pounds 15 
ounces of butter in a week. Sixteen Nether¬ 
land cows, including One two-year-old and 
one three-year-old, averaged 20 pounds 1 3 16 
ounce of butter in a week, 18.82 pounds of 
milk being the average amount required to 
make a pound of butter. 
At the head of this family stands the bull 
Netherland Prince, four of whose get—two 
two-year-olds and two three-year-olds—have 
averaged 20j^ pounds of butter in a week, 
15.83 pounds of milk being the average 
amount required to make a pound of butter. 
Nine of his get—three three-year-olds and six 
two-year-olds—have averaged 16 pounds 
ounce in a week. A glance at the records of 
this bull’s ancestry will show where he gets 
qualities so strongly reproduced in his off¬ 
spring. His dam, Lady Netherland, two of 
her daughters, and seven grand-daughters, 
two tw T o years old, three three years old, and 
two four years old, averaged for the ten head 
18 pounds 15 6-10 ounces of nutter in a week 
Netherland Prince’s grand-dam, Gert Ulet 
2d, is grand-dam of two cows with butter re¬ 
cords averaging 20 pounds 15 ounces in a 
week. His great grand-dam, Gert Ulet, is 
grand-dam of two cows with butter records 
averaging 20 pounds 1 ounce in a week. His 
sire, Scbemel, sired three cows which, at an 
average age of 3 1-3 years, averaged 16 pounds 
11 ounces in a week. His grand-sire is sire of 
four cows whose butter records average 20 
pounds 4}4 ounces in a week. Ten cows con 
taining 63 7-10 per cent, of the same blood as 
Netherlaud Prince, including one two-year 
old and four three-year-olds, averaged 20 
pounds 3 6-10 ounces in a week. These facts 
are appreciated by breeders, and to-day there 
are but few prominent herds of Holstein-Frie¬ 
sians in America that are not headed by 
Netherland bulls. Surely pedigree must not 
be overlooked in selecting a foundation herd 
SMITHS, POWELL & LAMB. 
PITHY POULTRY PARAGRAPHS. 
Poultry Marking.— A correspondent of 
the Rural in the issue of January 21 com¬ 
plains that the holes punched in the webs of 
the feet do not last, and he brands this method 
of marking poultry as a humbug. If one 
punches the feet of young, growing stock, 
the punched places will grow up; but for 
practical purposes punching the webs of the 
feet is the way most fanciers mark their birds, 
and it answers the purpose better than any I 
know of. When the webs of chickens that 
are full grown, or nearly so, are punched 
through the places will remain visible long 
enough for all practical purposes; and in 
case of full-grown fowls, they will remain 
much longer. Even when some grow up in 
time, the scar can be seen as long as it is 
necessary, while in some the ‘‘hole lasts as 
long as the foot.” I know many breeders who 
use even the small punch; but some use a 
large one that leaves too decided a mark. Few 
breeders, however, use this. There are metal 
markers, worn on the bird’s legs; «but the 
small punch generally answers if the chicks 
are not marked too young. I have used one 
for years, and it answers my purpose well. 
I have a mark for every bird that I import. 
Houses in Earth.— For many years it was 
believed and many still believe that houses 
built in a hill-side, or sunk below the level of 
the ground are better than those on a level 
with the earth. The advantage claimed for 
them is greater warmth to prevent the 
combs from freezing, and this they will give; 
the disadvantage is that during thaws or 
long-continued rains the moisture will strike 
through the earth of the sides or floor and 
make the house quite damp, which causes 
sickness. Nothing can prevent this entirely 
unless the floors and sides as high as the earth 
comes up, are tightly cemented, and then 
great care must betaken to air the house. I 
have built one house in a hill-side, several 
partly and others on a level with the ground, 
while some were filled in six inches above the 
level,and I have watched the health of fowls in 
them for many years. I have found very de¬ 
cidedly favorable results with houses above 
the level, and shall never build differently 
again ; for in all other cases more or less 
damp will find its way up through the floor. 
Even if boarded the floors of the houses are 
not healthy; but with dry earth above the 
level, when melting snows and drenching rains 
make all other buildings damp, those having 
floors above the level, keep quite dry and the 
fowls in them remain in better condition, 
laying on while those in damp houses get 
mopish. I find many breeders of the same 
opinion. Dryness outweighs warmth for 
comfort and profit. All houses on or below 
the level will get damp ; discard them. 
In severe cold nights the cocks with large 
single combs can be put in an inside small 
coop in the same houses, but if the building is 
built tight, and warm this is seldom neces¬ 
sary. _ H ‘ H " 
A BIG DIFFERENCE IN EGG PRODUCTION. 
putting in the pump and pipes. My advice 
would be to use not less than 1 )4 inch pipe, 
and galvanized rather than the common gas- 
pipe. Pipe V/i inch in diameter would answer, 
but the friction would be greater, and the 
. .. L 
► - 
Last winter from five dozen hens I got an 
average of three dozen eggs per day. This 
winter from six dozen hens we got an average 
of three eggs per day. The feed has been as 
follows: Last winter, mixed feed of potatoes 
and middlings in the morning; wheat at night, 
and all the milk that they wanted during the 
day. The chickens were poor all winter. Feed 
for this winter: Mixed feed of squashes and 
middlings in the morning, corn at night, no 
milk. Chickens very fat this winter. Is it 
the corn that makes that difference? J. u. 
R. N.-Y.—We should say that you had con¬ 
ducted a feeding experiment of considerable 
value. We have never been able to get hens 
to lay well on an exclusive grain ration of 
corn. We are as certain as we can be that 
wheat and milk are good egg-producing foods, 
and that a fat hen is a lazy hen. Next winter 
the Rural hopes to begin a series of experi¬ 
ments with feeding fowls for egg production 
to determine thf most profitable grain ration. 
PUMPING WATER LONG DISTANCES. 
T. B. TERRY. 
Fig. 63. 
pump, of course, would not run so easily. 
One and a half inch pipe will draw water 
readily for 100, or even 150 feet. For any 
longer distance a larger pipe would be advis¬ 
able. 
At the lower end of the pipe there should 
be a strainer (one usually comes with pump 
now), d , and at the upper end, cj, one may use 
a T in connecting with pump, e, instead of an 
elbow, fastening up the outer end with a plug. 
I hardly think the owner will need to make 
use of this, at least I have not needed to with 
my pump; but if he does it will be there. 
With the ordinary pump the column of 
water in the pipe stops while the plunger is 
going down, and is started again when it goes 
up. It takes time to start it, more or less, ac¬ 
cording to the length of the pipe. If the water 
does not follow the plunger readily, one can 
fix it by screwing an elbow on the end,</, leav¬ 
ing the outer end turned upwards. Into this 
screw three or four feet of gas pipe, with a 
plug in the upper end. Then you have an air 
chamber, costing but a few cents, into which 
the water can flow while the plunger is on the 
down stroke, and the pump will run quite 
steadily. 
The pump should, of course, be down l elow 
the frost; then at/, just above it,there should 
be a small hole to let the water out of the pipe 
above, when the pump is not in use. If the 
soil is gravelly the waste water will sink 
away from the little well. If it is clayey a 
drain must be put in. If there was no other 
outlet handy, I would put a tile drain right in 
the ditch, by the side of the pipe, and take the 
water back to the well. This could be easily 
done so as to work all right. 
In laying such long pipes to draw water, of 
course success will depend on their being per¬ 
fectly tight; so one should not fill the ditch 
for some days uutil he knows the pipe coup¬ 
lings are all right. Again, it is difficult to 
keep the valve in the pump tight; it leaks and 
lets in some air, and away goes the water out 
of the pipe down into the well. Now, with a 
long pipe it will take all the longer to start 
the pump again if the water runs out. If one 
wants to prevent this bother, he should get a 
foot-valve or a perpendicular Gheck-valve 
when he buys the pipe, and put it just above 
the strainer. The foot valves usually have a 
strainer attached, so no other will be needed. 
This valve will make the water draw a trifle 
harder, but it will seldom let it out of the 
pipe. 
A plank cover is needed on the little well to 
fasten the pump to. I used two wide planks, 
putting one on each side of the pipe and cut¬ 
ting out so they would come together. Then 
the pump was screwed to the planks, which 
holds them together, and by taking out four 
screws we can remove the planks at any time 
and get into the well without taking up the 
pump. Should the ground not be level, or 
nearly so, between the barn and well, one will 
have to do a little differently; but the same 
general plan will serve. 
I am drawing water 120 feet at my barn, 
with fair success, although in two respects I 
failed, from lack of knowledge, to get every 
thing just right. My readers, get the benefit 
of my failures. 
Summit Co., Ohio. 
One of the readers of the Rural has a well 
16 feet deep, about 50 feet from his barn, and 
there are usually not less than six feet of 
water in it. He wants to put a pump in the 
barn and draw water from this well for about 
20 head of stock, and writes to the Rural to 
learn just how to do it. Supposing the 
ground to be level between the well and the 
barn, I would dig a little well in the barn, 
where the water was wanted, about two feet 
in diameter and six feet deep. This may be 
laid up with stones or brick; or second quality 
sewer-pipe will make the nicest job and, if 
they can be got at as low a price as they cost 
here,the cheapest. In the accompanying cut, 
Fig. 63, b shows this well: a is the well where 
the water is, and h the line of the surface of 
the ground. From the little well dig a ditch 
to the] water well, having about two feet fall 
toward the latter. Then you are ready for 
NA UNPATENTED PLANTER. 
The construction of the potato planter at¬ 
tachment to a sulky corn plow (double shovel) 
shown at Figs. 60, 61 and 62, is very simple. 
A third beam is put in as shown (Fig. 61). 
The hind shovels are changed from the outside 
to the inside of the beams; the front ones are 
taken off and one of them is put on the extra 
beam, as shown. To this shovel is attached a 
pipe made of heavy sheet iron front and sides 
and wooden back. The space between the 
seat springs is fitted with a board with a hole 
in it (<x in Fig. 60). From this hole a hose, 
made of an old rubber boot leg pieced out 
with a piece of grain bag, reaches down into 
the pipe, as shown (Fig. 60). A box is fitted 
