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OUR PORTRAIT GALLERY. 
JUDGE WILLIAM PARRY. 
I T is with regret that we have to announce 
that our contributor and friend ex-Judge 
William Parry, died at his home in Parry, 
New Jersey, on Tuesday, Feb. 28. The Judge 
was born on Octobers, 1817,near Moorestown, 
N. J. He was the son of John R. and Letitia 
Parry, both natives of Pennsylvania, who re¬ 
moved to New Jersey in 1816 and settled on 
the farm where he was born, lived and died. 
His early education was at the Friends’ 
school in the neighborhood and he subsequent¬ 
ly attended the Academy of Benjamin Hol- 
loWell, also a Friend, at Alexandria, Virginia, 
where he remained till 1837. In the follow- 
lowing year he began the nursery business on 
the homestead farm to which he has ever since 
devoted his attention and which is widely 
Known as the Pomona Nurseries. It is the 
most extensive business of the kind in the 
State, embracing 300 acres in cultivation, 
about 100 of which are devoted to the growth 
of small fruits. From 1850 to 1870 Mi*. Parry 
was a practical engineer, surveyor and con¬ 
veyancer, devoting special attention to the 
construction and improvement of turnpike 
roads. He also materially aided in the exten¬ 
sion of railroad facilities in the State. He 
was elected member of the Legislature in 1854 
and was re-elected the two following years, 
and was Speaker of the House of Assembly 
during the session of 1855. He also held many 
other honorable positions in the State, being 
the International Judge for New Jersey, in the 
Department of Pomology at the Centennial 
Exposition at Philadelphia in 1866; a member 
of the New Jersey State Geological Society, 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Bur¬ 
lington County for 10 years previous to 1884; 
Master in the Court of Chancery, etc. Among 
the valuable fruits he introduced may be men¬ 
tioned Parry’s White Apple, Kieffer’s Hybrid 
and Lawson Pears, Wonderful Peach; Webb’s 
Seedling, Longfellow and Warren Strawber¬ 
ries, Kentucky, Monarch of the West, Brandy¬ 
wine and Philadelphia Raspberries. Among 
the seedlings originated by him are Wilson; 
Jr. Blackberry and Parry, Lida and Bomba 
Strawberries. 
For the past few years he has devoted much 
attention to the breeding of Holstein-Friesians 
and numbered among his herd many prize¬ 
winners and representatives of the best milk 
and butter strains, including members of the 
Aaggie, Netherland and Clotbilde families. 
Judge Parry, on March 23, 1843, married 
Alice, daughter of Charles Stokes, of Rauco- 
cas. He leaves a widow together with four 
sons and one daughter. 
Cato. 
“ Every Man is presumed to know the Law; 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation arises from Ig¬ 
norance of Law.” 
REMOVAL OF FENCES. 
S. T. L., Elmira , N. Y. —A and B own ad¬ 
joining fields, which are separated by a line 
fence. A’s field is open to the road; B’s is en¬ 
tirely closed, being under cultivation. Can A 
remove half the dividing fence permanently, 
thus exposing B’s field to the intrusion of 
cattle, etc. ? If not, what should B do to pre¬ 
vent it? How are line fences usually erected? 
Does each owner put up a separate half, or is 
the whole put up in common and the expenses 
divided? 
Ans.—T he statutes of this State are very 
explicit on the fence question. If the land is 
all open and unfenced, one owner may in¬ 
close his by making the whole of the division 
line. If afterwards the other incloses his, he 
must pay the first man for half of the division 
line. Where the lands of both are inclosed 
and the owners cannot agree to divide the 
line, so that each may build his own fence, 
the fence-viewers (commissioners of high¬ 
ways) in the town are authorized to make the 
division. Then each must build his half, and 
can be compelled to do so by law. In the 
above case, where one field or lot is open and 
the other inclosed, and a division fence is 
already standing, the one whose lot is open (if 
the lands are not one-half or more cleared or 
improved) may remove his half of a division 
fence at any time between November 1st and 
April 1st on these conditions. He must give 
10 days’ notice to the adjoining owner of his 
intention to apply to the fence-viewers of the 
town for permission to make the removal,and 
if at any time within the dates specified, any 
two of such officials “shall determine that 
such fence may with propriety be removed,” 
he may remove it. Any owner who should 
remove such fence without such notice and 
l_ei mission* would render himself liable to an 
action for damages if any injury resulted 
from his violation of the law. 
M. L., Greensburg, N. C. —Can a British 
subject who owns property here, but who 
hasn’t taken out any papers, really hold any 
property in this State? 
Ans.—Q uestions of this kind may be very 
easily answered by consulting a lawyer in the 
next block. It is a trifle difficult to answer 
them here, simply because the laws of the va¬ 
rious States differ, and, worse still, there are 
a number of changes every year, so that it is 
a trifle hard for outside lawyers to keep 
track of them. The last law of North Caro¬ 
lina with regard to this matter is that of 1871, 
which provides that “it shall be lawful for 
aliens, of whatever State or country, to take 
both by purchase and descent or other opera¬ 
tion of law, any lands, tenements or heredit¬ 
aments, and to hold and convey the same as 
fully as citizens of the State can or may do, 
any law or usage to the contrary notwith¬ 
standing. ” 
L. T., Hudson, N. Y. —In this State what 
proportion of his real estate can a person who 
leaves surviving children bequeath to charity? 
Ans.—T he statute says: “No person having 
a husband, wife and child or parents, shall by 
his or her last will and testament, divide, or 
bequeath to any benevolent, charitable, liter • 
ary, scientific, religious or missionary society, 
association or corporation, in trust or other¬ 
wise, more than one-half or part of his or her 
estate, after payment of his or her debts, and 
such devise or bequest shall be valid to the ex¬ 
tent of one-half, and no more. 
A. M. L , Fidler's Station , N. Y. —I under¬ 
stand that in this State if a stallion is pedi¬ 
greed and recorded in the county where he 
stands for service, then his owner has a lien 
for his fee, and can sell the colt to pay the ser¬ 
vice fee. Is this the case? 
Ans.—T he owner of a stallion has a lien 
upon the colt for the payment of the service 
fee; but the lien must be foreclosed within a 
year from the birth of the colt. 
tPmwm’s Work. 
CONDUCTED BY EMILY LOUISE TAPLIN. 
CHAT BY THE WAY. 
W e spoke'recently of the need for a femi¬ 
nine wet weather costume. One of our 
correspondents has kindly sent a dress reform 
pamphlet which describes such a suit, one which 
does away with wet skirts without the hor¬ 
rors of Bloomerism. This “weather protec¬ 
tor” is like a double skirt; the ordinary skirts 
are worn between the lining and the outside. 
It is made of gossamer waterproof, and has a 
flounce on the bottom which conceals any 
puffiness. Wearing this, with rubbers, leg¬ 
gings, and gossamer cloak, a woman might 
feel masculine independence as regards weath¬ 
er. The cloak and hood which goes with this 
skirt is, to tell the truth, painfully ugly, but 
one could buy a prettier style if desired. The 
newest waterproofs are made just like a styl¬ 
ish Raglan; there is sufficient fullness in the 
back to set nicely over the draperies, and there 
are sling sleeves and a pretty pointed hood. 
This is really a becoming garment; quite a 
change from the shapeless wraps which 
were formerly the only rubber cloaks obtain¬ 
able. One of these Raglans in a pretty check 
may be purchased for a trifle under five dol¬ 
lars. Waterproof cheviot cloaks cost about 
twice as much; silk gossamers are double the 
cost of cheviots. 
* * * 
-Julia Ward Howe says that the greatest de¬ 
fects in the modern training of American 
girls are: First, the neglect of religious in¬ 
struction ; second, of hygienic discipline, and 
lastly, of what Socrates calls “the tem¬ 
per of a guardian,” meaning a habit of 
combining foresight with presence of 
mind, strictness with sympathy, the 
power to assume responsibilities with the 
power to bear up under them. She regards 
domestic training—the sort of training that 
encourages love of home and its labors—as the 
first element in perfect womanhood. The poor 
drudge who thinks of nothing but her pots 
and pans is an imperfect woman, but so is one 
who regards household work as beneath her. 
All honor to those who combine the two; 
plain living and high thinking are a difficult 
combination to achieve, but it will do a good 
deal for this work-a-day world. 
It is a little bit early to talk house-cleaning 
yet, for a good many in the Rural’s big fam¬ 
ily are still banked up in towering drifts of 
snow. But there are so many odds and ends 
to be done now in preparation, as described 
by a recent writer in the Rural. It is just 
as well to settle on a general idea of the sum¬ 
mer clothing now. Of course, you cannot 
decide just what you will buy, but you can 
determine on color and general style. Be 
sure that everything will harmonize—we are 
speaking to those, who, like many of us, must 
combine taste with economy. Gloves, hat 
and parasol should be chosen with a thought 
for more than one gown. If you have a 
brown gown, don’t get a gray parasol and a 
hat with red trimming. With brown for the 
deepest tone in the wardrobe, cotton gowns 
could be chosen from brown to buff, while a 
tan-colored parasol would go with them all. 
We think a woman can dress well with the 
least expenditure by confining herself to black 
and gray. Summer gowns of mingled black 
and white are always stylish and becoming, 
and it can be arranged so that one does not give 
the effect of mourning. Black can be made 
over as long as it holds together, while black 
passementerie and cordings can be freshened 
up again and again by the application of 
liquid shoe dressing, as many an economical 
girl knows. If clothing is planned with a 
little thought there is no reason why economy 
should mean dowdiness, and it is every wom¬ 
an’s duty to look as pretty as she can. 
WORKING GIRLS. 
A. G. 
T he Cincinnati Enquirer has opened its 
columns to working girls, both domestics 
and shop girls, and a brief synopsis of some 
of the letters may be interesting to the read¬ 
ers of the Rural, besides throwing some light 
on the servant-girl question. 
A domestic writes that she does housework 
and receives fair treatment, but that she 
knows of many cases where girls receive very 
inhuman treatment, and have to submit to all 
kinds of indignities; where they are obliged 
to work from 4 a. m. to 11 p. m., and to sleep 
in a room cheerless and devoid of all com¬ 
forts, with not sufficient bed-clothes to keep 
them warm. 
Another domestic says: “I wish to say that 
it is my experience that girls who work in 
families have to work very hard generally, 
and receive very poor pay. It is my opinion 
that if the hours were shortened and wages 
raised, and girls treated a little more humane¬ 
ly, there would be less trouble about hired 
girls. The figures quoted in the article on 
women’s wages are correct.” 
One who makes, or tries to make a living at 
shop work, has this to say of women who toil 
from six o’clock in the morning until 11 
o’clock at night making what is commonly 
called “shop work,” such as coats, vests, 
pants, shirts, etc. 
Take the pants-makers, for instance, and 
let us see how they are paid for their work. 
The price paid per dozen for pants ranges 
from 80 cents to $2.50, or an average of about 
$1.75 per dozen. A good pants-maker can, by 
working hard, make an average of about 
eight to ten pairs a day, and a girl who can 
make $4 a week at this business is considered 
a fast hand. The average wages in this 
branch is about $3.50 per week. Coat-makers 
average about $4 per week, and vest-makers 
about $3 75 per week. Some make as high as 
$5, while others can scarcely make $2 per 
week. IVill some one explain how a woman 
with four or five children can manage to live 
on such starvation wages as these, and oblige 
a wage-worker? 
A dressmaker says: “I make on an average 
$5 per week. Prices are lower now than 
formerly, and seem to be still falling. I have 
to work very late at night and steadily to 
make $6 per week. Dresses worth $10 three 
years ago are only-worth $7.50 now. And 
those worth $5, only $3 or $2.50 now. I posi¬ 
tively know good dressmakers who have made 
children’s Mother Hubbard dresses for five 
cents each, and ladies.’ wrappers at eight and 
one-third cents.” 
It is difficult to see how such abuses are to 
be reformed, but do not the women who 
eagerly “shop for bargains,” for garments at 
reduced prices, make it easier for manufac¬ 
turers to furnish these by reducing the wages 
of the poor working-women? We are all apt 
to excuse our taking advantage of these bar¬ 
gains by saying that it will do no good foj* 
one to abstain. There are many wealthy 
women who indulge this mania without think¬ 
ing how they are draining the very life’s 
blood from some of their unfortunate sisters. 
Is not this, perhaps, an opportunity for the 
women’s reform clubs, and for the legislation 
of women? 
THE SERVANT QUESTION IN NEW 
YORK. 
PALMETTO. 
I N New York many women who can af¬ 
ford to keep only one servant are settling 
this question of how to get their work done 
by doing it themselves. Mrs. Helen Camp¬ 
bell gives us soul-harrowing pictures of the 
lot of servants, owing to the selfishness of 
their mistresses. I do not know in what city 
or among what classes she has studied ser¬ 
vant-girl life, but I can say with Gail Hamil¬ 
ton that I have known families of all condi¬ 
tions and sizes, from the quiet house with one 
maid-of-all-work to the establishment of many 
servants, and I have never known one where 
the mistress was not womanly and consider¬ 
ate of the welfare of her servants, while I 
have known many servants who were basely 
unappreciative. A woman whose health and 
the size of whose family will permit her to do 
her own work, once having tried it, will be 
very loath'to return to the thralldom of a 
servant. I am speaking now of those estab¬ 
lishments where it is possible to keep out one. 
If one can afford to hire servants, paying 
them good round sums, and so apportioning 
their work that the duties of each shall be 
light, I can imagine a sort of comfort that the 
hurried and overworked mistress of one hur¬ 
ried and overworked servant can never know. 
I called the other day on the young wife of 
a well-known New York author, and was sur¬ 
prised to find her in the kitchen with her 
shapely arms bared, and her pretty hands en¬ 
gaged in washing dishes. The suite of apart¬ 
ments was one of the “open sesame” kind, 
where you announce yourself through a speak¬ 
ing-tube, and then, if your company is desir¬ 
able, the power behind the throne, c'est a dire, 
in the kitchen, touches a spring and the door 
hospitably opens. If you are not wanted you 
stay there, or more likely go away. At any 
rate, you don’t go in. This is a great im¬ 
provement on the door-opener from Erin’s 
Isle, who greets you with, “Please, mem, the 
missus says she is not at home.” 
The'cheerful spirit in which my friend was 
performing her menial task of dish-washing 
was infectious, and I was soon engaged in 
helping her to'polish sparkling glass and dain- 
