4888 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
843 
the crop was found full of potato bugs, every 
0 D 6 being alive. The turkeys had not killed 
them before swallowing, and the result was 
that the bugs could not be forced into the 
gizzard. Being alive in the crop they caused 
the death of the turkeys. A potato beetle is a 
hard thing to kill. Some years ago we cut a 
great many beetles in two with scissors. It 
was a surprise the next day to find many of 
the heads and front legs which had been sev¬ 
ered from the bodies, crawling over the 
plot. 
“Cabbage, lettuce, celery, etc., when left 
standing in the seed rows and thinned to a 
proper distance, grow uninterruptedly, and 
furnish the largest aud best plants and veget¬ 
ables. This is my experience and it has led me 
to shun transplanting.”—T. Greiner in the N. 
Y. Tribune. 
Some five years ago, as readers of that time 
may recall, the R. N.-Y. made a careful trial 
of planting cabbage plants (raised in a frame) 
beside those raised from seeds in the hill and 
thinned out to the same distance apart as the 
transplanted. The result was simply that the 
transplanted plants headed more firmly and a 
little earlier.. 
The New York Weekly World says that a 
piece of really good butter, properly salted, 
when cut apart with a bright, sharp knife, 
should show two clean-cut, smooth and 
slightly moist surfaces, without any sign of a 
mashing down of the butter particles, and 
none of them should be found adhering in a 
sticky mass to the knife. When a knife is 
drawn through a piece of butter and comes 
out in such a condition that the blade cannot 
be seen, no expert is needed to determine its 
quailty ...................................... 
Professor Budd says in the Prairie Farmer 
that the Smoke Tree, Purple Fringe—Rhus 
cotinus—as imported from Central Russia is 
perfectly hardy at Ames, Iowa, and even 
more beautiful in foliage and flower than the 
real Venetian Sumach. His bushes are now, 
he says, the “admired of all admirers,” and 
show no traces of winter injury. We would 
ask Prof. Budd what the “real” Venetian Su¬ 
mach is?... 
A bate bulletin issued by the New Jersey 
Agricultural Experiment Station gives the 
price of nitrate of soda purchased of one or 
the other of nine different firms as ranging 
from$48 to'865 per ton; and of sulphate of 
ammonia as ranging from $02 to $75 per ton. 
That is, the cost of nitrogen varies in the fer¬ 
tilizer’s of these different firms per pound from 
14 7 to 20 3 cents. The farmer pays his money 
aud takes his choice. 
According to the Department of Agricul 
ture’s reports, Fultz is the most popular winter 
wheat grown, occupying something like one- 
third of the area sown. 
Waldo F. Brown is almost afraid to touch 
city pork, for he has known many car-loads 
of cholera hogs being shipped from localities 
infected with the disease, and he knows that 
thousands of hogs are fed on still-slop, in 
filthy, crowded pens, and he has been in the 
large rending establishments aud seen how 
“pure leaf lard” (?) is made. Five hundred 
hogs’ heads—ears, eyes, teeth and snouts—are 
thrown into a tank, then so much gut fat, so 
much trimmings, and enough leaf fat to give 
it a name, and the product runs oir “leaf 
lard”. 
Mr. Brown, as he states in the Farmers’ Re¬ 
view, uses in curing hams, shoulders and 
bacon, a brine made with one and a half 
pound of salt and three-fourths of a pound of 
brown sugar to each gallon of water. Before 
applying the brine he rubs the meat, after it 
is thoroughly cold, with fine salt and lets it 
stand a day or two to draw off any blood, 
then takes it up, drains off the bloody brine, 
repacks aud applies the brine—cold—and 
leaves it in not less than five weeks (eight 
will not hurt it), for the sugar will prevent it 
from taking too much salt. 
Prof. E. W. Stewart says that if a cow 
only produces 3,0U0 pounds of milk per an¬ 
num, she is kept at a loss. A good cow well 
led will yield (5,U00 pounds of good milk, and 
the cost of producing this will be only oue- 
eighth more than the 3,000 pounds from the 
poor cow. Without selection of cows, and 
judicious feeding, dairymen cannot receive 
anything worthy of their labor. 
Pres. W. I. Chamberlain tells the Ohio 
Farmer that he planted potato seed (Pearl of 
Savoy) badly sprouted, on one plot; on anoth¬ 
er, seed that was perfectly sound, having been 
kept in a temperature near the freezing poiut 
from the middle of October until planting 
time. From the looks now the sprouted seed 
will not yield half as much per row as that 
from the perfect, hard, unsprouted seed... 
Dr. W. A. Hammond, the distinguished 
New York physician, says in the Weekly 
Press, that he is quite convinced that if every 
limn, woman and child in a large city could 
ptqs July fipd August wit'll DV Other shelter 
than canvas their lives would be infinitely 
more healthy and the duration % them ma¬ 
terially increased. 
During six months of our Middle States 
climate a tent affords advantages as a dwel¬ 
ling-place unsurpassed by any other that man 
can erect, and even during winter it can be 
rendered as safe and as comfortable as the 
tightest brownstone mansion in the city of 
New York. It needs no windows and no 
special means for ventilation, for a constant 
change of air is going on through the mate¬ 
rial of which it is composed and it may be oc¬ 
cupied day and night. A person entering it 
from the fresh outside atmosphere detects no 
unpleasant odor. advertising 
m ... Colman’s Rural World: “We say put the in- 
1n the Ohio Farmer, T. B. Terry makes the 1 
following remarks : “ For years the Rural 
wish to corroborate the statement of O. S. 
Bliss, that one rooster is sufficient for a flock 
of 50 hens. I will go further, and say that one 
is sufficient for 75 bens if he be a strong, vig¬ 
orous bird. I have demonstrated in our own 
yards that 00 per cent, of the eggs would hatch, 
and the chicks were stronger and livelier in 
every way than when a greater number of 
roosters were kept.”-“ The silk swindle 
was hatched out in that warm nest, the Wash¬ 
ington Bureau of Agriculture ; has been fos¬ 
tered there, aud by the so-called Women’s As¬ 
sociation of Philadelphia (part of whose ap¬ 
propriations was used for pleasure travel) aud 
by the lesser parasites who get free 
from credulous editors.”- 
(WHY MAKING POWDERS ARE REST. 
(From Hall's Journal of Health.) 
New-Yorker trench system of planting has 
given them wonderful results. The best row 
of potatoes in my field is put in that way; but 
still they say they do not know why it pro¬ 
duces such wonderful results, only the fact 
that it does.” The R. N.-Y. thinks it is learn¬ 
ing something of the philosophy of the Trench 
System. We are carefully lifting plants,with 
a spade, at various stages of growth from 
trenches as well as from hills as ordinarily 
cultivated; also from trenches in which the 
seed was placed all the way from 10 inches to 
four inches below the surface. What we ob¬ 
serve in this way with some illustrative pic¬ 
tures will be given to our readers in the Fall, 
after the potato contest is settled. 
“Rose Bugs. —All the time that E. P. Pow¬ 
ell wants for treating fifty rose bushes is half 
an hour. His remedy is two spoonfuls of hel¬ 
lebore in a pail of water with one teaspoonful 
of kerosene, and kept well stirred in applying. 
So he says in the Independent.” 
We find the above in Popular Gardening. 
The Rural New-Yorker has tried hellebore 
thoroughly for rose bugs. It has no more ef¬ 
fect upon them than so much water. Even a 
teaspoonful of free kerosene in water will in¬ 
jure the leaves of roses. Why not use the 
kerosene emulsion, since in the above treat¬ 
ment the kerosene alone is the repelling ingre¬ 
dient?._. 
According to other analyses the average 
price of potash in muriate of potash is four 
cents per pound; in kainit it is 5.1 cents per 
stitutions (experiment stations) for the far¬ 
mers’ benefit in the management of real 
farmers, and not in the hands of wealthy 
gentlemen, who are allowed to pose 
as farmers simply because they owu es¬ 
tates which are cultivated for them, 
while they practice law or politics.”- 
Henry Stewart: “Any person who has seen a 
loved and cherished companion in a kindly 
effort to pet a young calf, turned upon aud 
overthrown and viciously gored by the cow, 
in an unexpected manner and in an unguard¬ 
ed moment, and saved from the cruelest muti¬ 
lation and death by a mere accidental turn¬ 
ing of the sharp horns from a fatal direction, 
would ever afterward consider the disarm¬ 
ing of cattle a wise and necessary precaution. 
And since having passed through this experi¬ 
ence and having also escaped from the infuri¬ 
ated beast by good fortune, after a fierce 
struggle, in which a horrible death was faced 
for a time, the writer has ever since advocated 
the dehorning of all cattle,and his efforts dur¬ 
ing nearly 20 years past in this direction are 
not the least of the circumstances which have 
made the present movement popular.”- 
Epitomist: “Knock the bottom out of every 
wet spot on the larm.”-Mr. Hoard: 
“Good butter increases consumption; poor 
butter discourages consumption. Consump¬ 
tion is the life and soul of the market.”- 
pound. I cod-liver oil, and that if during the cold 
weather, those who have delicate eonstitu- 
Tiie Garden and Forest contradicts the re¬ 
port that the old Endicott pear-tree, planted 
by Gov. John Endicott about 1(530 on his farm 
in Danvers, Mass., is dead. It is alive aud in 
a fairly vigorous condition. Another famous 
pear-tree, known in Salem as the Orange Fear 
and said to be planted in lti40, is still alive and 
flourishing in a garden in that town. The 
Cogswell Fear tree in the town of E?sex is 
more than 250 years old. 
The Michigan Farmer says that there is an. 
other “boom” being manufactured by parties 
who make a business of importing horses. 
This time it is in the Belgian breed. Of course 
it will be shown that this breed is just what 
is needed in the United States to finish up its 
horse stock; that Belgian horses are the oldest 
breed in the world, and have been kept free 
from admixture with other families of the 
horse since the time of the Crusades. 
ABSTRACTS. 
Baking Powders properly compounded 
and containing pure cream of tartar, are more 
convenient than yeast; and bread and pastry 
made with them are just as wholesome, and 
far more palatable. We are in entire sympa¬ 
thy with the manufactures of the Royal Bak¬ 
ing Powder who commenced and are vigor¬ 
ously conducting the war again st the use of 
adulterated Baking Powder. 
Before committing ourselves, however, we 
made tests of a sufficient number of baking 
powder to satisfy ourselves that the substitution 
of alum for cream of tartar in their composi. 
tiou has not been over-estimated, while 
a careful examination of the Royal Baking 
Powder confirms uor belief that Dr. Mott, 
theGoverment Chemist, when he singled out 
and commended powder for its wholesomeDess 
this did it wholly in the interests of the publics 
We do not hesitate to say that the Royal 
Baking powder people deserve the gratitude of 
the community whom they are endeavoring 
to protect. 
North Carolina Farm For Sale ! 
l(Xi3 acres. Lake and river front— 103 acres lake. Un¬ 
excelled for dairy or general agriculture. Terms, de¬ 
scription and lithographic map on aopllcatlon to 
JAMES H. WHITAKER. 
Enfield, IIulitax Co., N. C. 
Hoard’s Dairyman: “It cannot be too widely 
known,” writes a medical man. “that cream, 
separated by machinery from pure new milk, 
before it has cooled, is a full substitute for 
John Gould in the Weekly Pre6a : “ Land 
Left too long unprotected by plant growth no 
doubt becomes in a way dormant, and if we 
add to this loss of fertility through leaching, 
washing and burning, we shall find that land 
that has been left to rest is far less productive 
than soil judiciously worked, proving that the 
old saying in regard to humanity “ that it is 
better to wear out than rust out,” is just as 
applicable to the soil.”-Address of Hon. 
John D. Lyman : “ If you cut down a tree in 
any month of its growth, if you cut it right 
off at the butt and not trim it out any, in a 
few days that tree will be seasoned. If you 
don’t believe it go right home from this meet' 
iug and cut down a tree and in two or three 
weeks if you don’t have seasoned wood then 
my statement maybe doubted.”-Prof. J. 
L. Budd m N. Y. Tribune : “1 make this pos¬ 
itive statement as so few Americans seem to 
realize the immense loss in time, money and 
even life, in public structures and machinery 
that results directly from the almost univer¬ 
sal cutting of timber in winter when the cell 
structure is stored with the elements of decay. 
In some of the countries of Europe—including 
even Russia—the time for cutting timber is 
regulated by law, while here railway specifr 
cations often require trees to be cut at the 
season when they are the most perishable. 
My attention was first directed to the superi¬ 
ority of summer-cut timber by observing the 
extreme durability of poles cut in summer and 
used by the early settlers of the prairies in 
making straw sheds aud stables.”-—Trib¬ 
une correspondent: “Having had twenty 
yeays’ experience in the poultry bqsjuess, J 
-Idem: 
tions which need concentrated nutrition but 
who cannot overcome the nausea associated 
with cod-liver oil, will take this description of 
cream they will find, in most cases, immense 
and lasting benefit. In several hospitals it has 
already quite superseded the nauseous oil.” 
—-- N. Y. Tribune: “Let silk culture 
alone.” R. N.-Y.: “Good advice.”-Ga¬ 
len Wilson in above: “Most farmers take 
pleasure in lending in time of need, provided 
the borrower possesses the reputation of re¬ 
turning borrowed articles promptly and in 
good order; but too frequently this is not the 
case. There are those who never return any¬ 
thing until called upon to do so. This is to be 
lamented, for it injures the reputation of the 
borrower, who is soon left to wonder why it 
is so oiten inconvenient for his neighbors to 
lend him anything. A prompt returner 
of borrowed articles is usually prompt 
in all his transactions and an excellent 
farmer, and vice versa.”-Prof. I. P. 
Roberts : “ Why should the husband¬ 
men keep dairy cattle for the production 
of food for man, when plants of innumerable 
varieties and kinds furnish all the life-sus¬ 
taining elements in much simpler and more 
inexpensive forms?”--Husbandman: “Suc¬ 
cess which is the true test of generalship in 
war is equally applicable in farming.”- 
Idem: “They are the little losses of time frit¬ 
tered away in useless occupations that prevent 
many an industrious man from attaining 
competency that would be sure if his labors 
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UNIVERSITY of the STATE ot'NEW YORK 
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farmer old aud bent long before his time—a 
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