4888 
THE BUBAL NEW-YORKER. 
set 
PERSONALS. 
Professor Atwater, the Chemist of the 
Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., has 
received a call to John Hopkins. 
Prof. Brown, of the Ontario Agricultural 
College, Canada, expresses the opinion that a 
great mistake is made in harvesting wool only 
once a year and never clipping the lambs. 
He thinks double clipping advantageous to 
both sheep and wool. His experience is main¬ 
ly with the English breeds. 
One of Kansas City’s richest inhabitants is 
a woman, Mrs. Sarah W. Coates, aged 59, 
whose fortune is estimated at $10,000,000. It 
all came from a successful venture in real es¬ 
tate, a bit of land that cost her husband 
$2,000. It was then a farm, but is now twen¬ 
ty acres in the heart of Kansas City. 
Simon Cameron, who is now nearly ninety 
years of age, spends the summer at his coun¬ 
try home in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. 
He is still tall and erect, and weighs some 150 
pounds. He usually dresses in a gray suit, 
with a long-tailed coat, wearing a Panama 
hat, and invariably carrying a stout hickory 
staff. 
Kate Field is nothing if not original. She 
is coming East to deliver lectures on the vir¬ 
tues of California wines. She will claim that 
the solution of the temperance question in this 
country lies in the substitution of light and 
cheap wines for beer and whisky. The first 
step in this reform is to make the wines 
better. 
The King of the Belgians hates tobacco, 
never wears gloves and goes bareheaded as 
much as possible. He is fond of bathing but 
does not swim. Geography and languages are 
his favorite studies, and he has traveled in 
almost every Asiatic country. He is a hand¬ 
some man, slightly built but muscular, with 
blue eyes and a big brown beard touched with 
gray. 
Chauncev M. Defew is a great favorite 
with reporters on account of the grace with 
which he lends himself to the interviewing 
process. He will talk with a reporter as he is 
hurrying off: to a public dinner, or he will get 
up out of bed and chat with him at the front 
door in his pajamas. There has never been 
known a time when he was so busy' that he 
could not be courteous to a newspaper man. 
Miss Mary Gwendolen Caldwell, who 
gave $300,000 toward founding the Catholic 
University at Washington, comes of a Ken¬ 
tucky family. Her mother was a sister of 
John C. Breckinridge, formerly Vice Presi¬ 
dent of the United States. Both of her par¬ 
ents were Presbyterians until late in life, when 
they embraced the Roman Catholic faiih, and 
Mr. Caldwell, who was a man of great wealth, 
spent a large part of his money in founding 
Roman Catholic institutions. Miss Caldwell, 
who is only twenty-five years of age, was edu¬ 
cated at the Convent of the Sacred Heart, and 
is a devout Catholic. 
The late E. P. Roe’s home at Cornwall-on- 
the-Hudson, as told by Harper’s Bazar, was 
an old-fashioned house, with a wide hall di¬ 
viding it in the middle. On the top floor of 
the house, nestling down under the roof, was 
Mr. Roe’s study, or “ workshop,” as he called 
it, an attractive room filled with easy-chairs, 
lounges and book-shelves. Besides these, there 
were cabinets of stuffed birds that Mr. Roe 
had caught and stuffed with his own hands. 
At the time of his death he was making a 
special study of birds, their songs and habits, 
and if he had lived he would have made a 
valuable and interesting book on the subject. 
EDUCATION OF FARMERS. 
F. K. MORELAND. 
Part hi.—concluded. 
A farmer should know something of geology 
thathe may the better understand something of 
the groundwork of the farm he tills. There 
is no pleasanter study than geology for a 
farmer’s son or daughter. There is no 
branch of learning that affords me half the 
pleasure to be derived from the study of 
geology, except botany. Both of these sciences 
are peculiarly attractive to the farmer’s son 
or daughter who has mastered the first 
principles of these sciences and thus become in 
a measure qualified to appreciate the impor¬ 
tant relations existing between these several 
sciences and agriculture. Field work in these 
branches of learning is convenient and pleasant 
to membersof the farmer’s family. Thestudy 
of botany possesses fully as much of utility as 
of pleasure to the earnest student upon the 
farm. An understanding of botany and of 
the flora of the farm will do much to create a 
keen .interest in rural pursuits. The farmer 
should know something of the nature and 
habits of plants. He should know the compo¬ 
sition of the ash of different plants, cereals 
and vegetables, and thus havesome conception 
of the effect of any particular crop in rotation. 
He should understand the process of crossing 
or hybridizing cereals or vegetables. 
This is an interesting pursuit and 
would prove highly attractive to a wide¬ 
awake farmer's boy. And again, veterinary 
science offers a bread field for the farmer 
who would become successful. Many serious 
losses occur upon the farm through ignorance 
of this science. In early times, when the 
stock upon the farm were not of any great 
value, this science was not of such importance 
to the farmer as at the present day, when by 
a little carelessness and ignorance in reference 
to farm stock, the farmer may in a few hours 
lose animals worth several hundred dollars. 
Large stock-breeding establishments may 
afford to keep a veterinary surgeon in con¬ 
stant attendance, to care for the health of the 
herd or stud; farmers cannot do so, and in 
an emergency must rely upon their own skill 
or the tardy attendance of a skilled neighbor 
or the nearest surgeon, and all this at a time 
when minutes are precious. The farmer 
should possess practical and scientific knowl¬ 
edge. The scientific knowledge should be ac¬ 
quired in the laboratory under competent 
instructors, and the practical knowledge is 
best acquired in the field and the stable. The 
farmer should have a practical knowledge of 
the growth and cultivation of many different 
kinds of crops, grain, grass and vegetables. 
He should be familiar with the characteristics 
of all the different plants upon the farm. 
He should have an equally intimate ac¬ 
quaintance with the soil of the farm. The 
animals bred or used upon the farm should be 
well understood; their breeding, development 
and capabilities should all be subjects for care¬ 
ful study. 
The opportunity for acquiring scientific in¬ 
formation is furnished by our agricultural 
schools and colleges. Precisely when the first 
school for the discussson of agricultural know¬ 
ledge was established, matters but little at this 
date. Nearly very country which recognizes 
the importance of agriculture, has established 
by government aid, schools for the benefit of 
the farming class. In nearly every State in 
the Union there are agricultural colleges es¬ 
tablished in part by State aid, in which partial 
or exclusive attention is given to subjects con¬ 
nected with agriculture. These colleges nearly 
all have farms connected with them, upon 
which experiments are made as a part of a 
well digested scheme for agricultural educa¬ 
tion. These farms are used as experiment 
farms. Different varieties of plants are cul¬ 
tivated in different ways and under different 
conditions. Manures are tested and the 
different effects of manures used in different 
ways carefully noted. Different varieties of 
farm stock are kept and fed in different ways 
and the experiments, often valuable, are care- ■ 
fully conducted. Lectures in the class rooms 
from learned professors are supplemented by 
intelligent field work, and thus in agricultural 
education the practical and the scientific go 
hand in hand. In this way the reasoning fa¬ 
cilities of the students are developed to the 
highest extent. 
The education to be gained at an agricul¬ 
tural college is or ought to be the highest re¬ 
alization of education for a farmer’s son. 
The time is coming when the education to be 
acquired at an agricultural college will be 
much more popular than at the present day. 
The time is coming when the farmer who 
can aff ord to do so, will send his son to an ag¬ 
ricultural college, if not for the whole course, 
for at least as long a time as he can afford, 
and do this with as strong a belief in the ad¬ 
vantage to be gained as he would have in 
sending his children to the village academy. 
Farmers may affect to despise “ book farm¬ 
ers,” but the time is in the near future when 
the unfortunate wight who is not a “book 
farmer” will counsel with and rely upon the 
advice and assistance of his neighbor who is, 
and in that way attempt to make up for the 
short-coming in his own education. Those of 
us who have children and desire them to be 
successful in the calling we consider the most 
noble and useful in the world, will do well to 
fit them by a proper educationNor that call¬ 
ing. To farmers who have children to be 
educated, the question of an agricultural edu¬ 
cation is one of vast and growing importance, 
and is deserving, more than any other subject, 
of the most careful and intelligent study. 
Ptscdlancouj* 
J.M.THORBURN&CO., 
15 JOHN STE.EET, 
NEW YORK, 
BffG TO ANNOUNCE THAT THEIR DESCRIPTIVE PRICED 
CATALOGUE OF 
BULBS 
for Autumn planting Is ready for mailing to 
applicants. 
Lily of the Valley Pips, Berinnda Easter Lilies 
and Roman Hyacinths 
For Florists, a Specialty. 
POULTRY SUPPLIES 
AND 
U* H2 IVT O X UNT Gr - 
Send two-cent stamp for Catalogue. 
BROCKNER & EVANS, 
28 VESEY ST., NEW YORK CITY. 
THE DANA 
CENTRIFUGAL - GOVERNOR 
WINDMILL 
Is the best working and most powerful Wind 
Engine in the world, because it is the only one 
which unites the most perfect form of wind- 
wheel with the most perfect method of regu 
lation. Geared Mill* a specialty. 
For Descriptive Circulars apply to 
THE DANA WINDMILL CO., 
SAIRHAVSN, MASS., O. 5. A. 
ENTIRELY NEW. 
CLARK’S CUTAWAY HARROW 
Supersedes the plow; beats the world; ground made 
Into a perfect seed bed; has a seeding attachment for 
sowing all kinds of grain. Send for new circular with 
full description. IIIGGANUM M’FG CORPOR¬ 
ATION, Higganuin, Conu,, Sole Manufacturers. 
Warehouses, 189 and 191 Water St., New York, and 
South Market St., Boston, Mass. 
FARM ENGINES 
Upright and Horizontal, 
Stationary, 
Portable and Semi-Portable. 
8 to 16 Horse Power. 
Illustrated Pamphlet Free. Addresa 
AMES LEFFEL & CO. 
SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, 
or 110 Liberty St., New York. 
WELL DRILLING 
Machinery for Wells of any depth, from 20 to 3,000 fee 
for Water, Oil or Gas. Our Mounted Steam Drilling ai 
Portable Horse Power Machines set to work in 20 minute 
Guaranteed to drill faster and with less power than ar 
oth ? r ,\ adapted to drilling Wells in earth ( 
""" 20 to 1,000 feet. Fannersandothersare making i)t 2 
10 per day with our machinery and tools. Splend 
rock_| 
to $40 per duy with our machinery___ 
business for Winter or Summer. We are the oldest hi 
largest Manufacturers in the business. Send 4 cents 
Stamps forillustrated Catalogue H. Address, 
Pierce Well Excavator Co.. New York. 
-r~ THE NEW STEVENS —■ 
Spring tooth harrow 
All STEEL 
ARCHED 
FRAM E. 
'No Wood to Decay I 
I Will not Clog. Frame rigidly riveted! 
together. A superior Clip for holding the Teeth. 
Only One Nut to loosen in adjusting the Teeth. 
Lightest Draft Harrow in the World. Its 
entire construction covered by Letters Patent. 
A. W. STEVENS <fc SON _ Patentees and ManuFrs. 
Bend for Circular. ACJliUKN. N V# 
S TEAM! $ TEAM! 
Wk build Automatic Engines from 2 to 200 H. P 
equal to anything In market. 
1 Larva l ot of 2,3 and 4-H. Engines 
with or without boilers, low for cash. 
B. W. PAl xM] & SONS, 
Box 17. Eltuira, N. Y, 
Only $jL00for this “Little Beauty.” 
Weighs from 
i oz to 4 Its. 
This Steel Bearing Brass-Beam Little Scale with 
Brass Scood is nicely Japanned and is just the thing 
for House,Store or Shop. We will send one only, 
by Express, to any person sending us ISI.OO (not 
i its value), Catalogue of 1 ,000 articles sent free, 
idreas CHICAGO SCALE CO., Chicago, HL 
NIT. HOPE NURSERIES 
1840 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 1888 
We offer for FALL PI.VNTINK the largest, 
most complete and carefully cultivated collections 
in the United States of: 
FRUIT TREES. Standard and Dwarf. 
CRAPES. All the best old and new sorts, in¬ 
cluding the fine new grape “ .Mills.” 
SMALL FRUITS. All the best, embracing the 
new Gooseberry “Industry.” 
ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 
ROSES of every class, the finest in cultivation. 
Catalogues sent to all regular customers, Free. 
To others: No. 1 , Fruits, 10c.; No. 2, Ornamental 
Trees, etc., illustrated, 15c.; No. 3, Strawberries; 
No. 4, Wholesale; No. 5, Roses, free. 
ELLWANCER & BARRY. 
AGAIN! 
J 
One of [the most unique, original and 
delightful of the Weekly Newspapers of 
America, and the 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
both for the rest of the year for only 
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RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
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The R. N.-Y. 
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M roam 
8EERLE8S DYES Sold by Druggists! 
