the years roll on, with memories which time 
can only render more beautiful as the mists 
of the golden past gather about them. 
And this is what we hope for our children, 
is it not ? 
Essex Co., N. Y. 
--- 
LETTERS TO THE SMITHS. 
To Arthur Smith.— I am pleased to find 
you inquiring with regard to the “study of 
agriculture, ” and in reply would advise that 
you devote a portion of your time, each day, to 
the study of agricultural principles. By these 
I mean principles that are indispensable to 
the perfect growth and maturity of all 
farm products, either vegetable or animal. 
Drainage, natural or otherwise, is a fundamen¬ 
tal principle of agriculture. Study it carefully 
in all its minor details till you become per¬ 
fectly familiar with its influence upon the soil 
and the crop. Irrigation is a necessity in the 
production of farm crops. To what extent it 
should be artificial can be learned by study 
and observation. Tillage is also essential to 
successful farming and furnishes a wide field 
for study to every young farmer. 
Fertilisation of the soil is a matter that will 
require a considerable research to be sufficient¬ 
ly understood to enable the farmer to foretell, 
with any degree of certainty, what and how 
much his field is capable of producing. These 
general remarks will apply to all principles of 
agriculture which do not change like methods 
and systems. 
Then there are principles of breeding and 
feeding domestic animals which must be fully 
understood to insure perfect success. 
“How shall I study these principles?” Well, 
your own farm must serve as college and in¬ 
stitute, and the soil as a professor of practical 
agriculture. From your north lot you may 
learn valuable lessons in drainage. Those low 
places, which are but slight depressions, retain 
water for a long time during the early part 
of the season, to the injury of any succeeding 
farm crop you may attempt to produce. This 
may be in part owing to the hard, unyielding 
nature of the soil, but from properly con¬ 
ducted experiment, and careful ooservation 
you would most likely learn something about 
drainage and increase the producing power 
of the field. Thorough culture, at the same 
time may show the beneficent effects of til¬ 
lage upon the soil. The higher portions of 
that same inclosure furnish abundant oppor¬ 
tunity for the stud} of irrigation. The melt¬ 
ing snow of spring-time comes down from the 
forest on the hill side, and with a small out¬ 
lay might be retained in an almost natural 
reservoir iu the pasture lot in sullicieut quan¬ 
tities for irrigating purposes at suitable iu er- 
vals during the growing season. 
The lot near the barn is a very proper place 
to experiment with manures and fertilizers. 
It may r quire careful observation to dis¬ 
criminate between natural strength and 
artificial fertilization, but there is a di¬ 
viding line somewhere, and it is for 
you to establish. And now, if men 
tell you the study of agriculture is fool¬ 
ishness, that so many have been through a 
regular course of studies at the agricultural 
college, and even then failed of success, pay 
no attention to such talk. 
Begin with a determination to learn some¬ 
thing each month, which will make your 
services more pleasant and profitable. We 
used to say “good farming pays.” But now 
it must be something more than good; an 
improvement on the kind that made farmers 
reasonably prosperous iu our younger days. 
This r< quires careful study, such as has 
never before been demanded in the farmer’s 
business. In my opinion your own farm is 
the best place for this study and research, and 
a well made-up agricultural newspaper, the 
best text-book. old uncle ned. 
LflI0. 
“j Every Man is presumed to know the Law. 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation arises from Ig¬ 
norance of Law." 
OWNERSHIP OF FARM MANURE. 
T. N. I?., Quincy, N.^H. —A leases a farm 
from B for a term of years,at the end of which 
there is a large amount of manure on the 
premises, to whom does it belong—the tenant 
or the land-owner ? 
Ans. —That depends. Whatever manure is 
made by the consumption of the products of 
leased premises, becomes the property of the 
landlord, though lying in heaps, and made 
by the cattle of the tenant from crops which 
belonged to him till consumed, even though he 
be a tenant at will only. The tenant, of 
course, has a qualified possession of the 
manure for the purpose of using it on the 
farm; but a sale of it by him vests the right 
of possession in the landlord. This rule does 
not apply to manure made in livery stables, 
or in buildings unconnected with agricultural 
purposes, or where the manure is made from 
products obtained elsewhere; for the manure 
so made is personal property, and may 
be removed by the tenant at the 
close of his term. In North Carolina, 
however, at any time before leaving 
the premises a tenant may, in the absence of a 
covenant or custom to the contrary, remove 
all the manure made on the farm. With 
regard to the ownership of manure as between 
mortgagor and - mortgagee, the general rule 
that manure made upon a farm in the usual 
course of husbandry is so attached to and con¬ 
nected with the realty, that, in the absence 
of any agreement or stipulation to the con¬ 
trary, it passes as an appurtenance of the same, 
is applicable to the mortgagor in possession. 
He has no right when vacating the premises 
to remove or sell such manure; for the title 
thereto is vested in the mortgagee as the owner 
of'the freehold. 
N. Y. LAW AS TO ROADSIDE TREES. 
L. T. M., Horseheads, Steuben Co ., N. Y. 
—1. What rebate, if any, in highway taxes is 
made in this State to those who plant roadside 
trees? 2. How far apart should the trees be 
planted and how far from the fence? 
Ans. —The New York statute on this sub¬ 
ject says: “Any person liable to highway tax 
who shall transplant by the side of the public 
highway any forest shade-trees, or fruit trees 
of suitable size, shall be allowed by the over¬ 
seers of highways, in abatement of highway 
tax, one dollar for every four trees so set out; 
but no row of elms shall be nearer than 70 
feet; no row of maples or other forest trees 
nearer than 50 feet, except locusts, which may 
be set 30 feet apart; fruit trees must be set at 
least 50 feet apart, and no allowance, as before 
mentioned, shall be made unless such trees 
have been set out the year previous to the de¬ 
mand for the abatement of the tax, and unless 
they are well protected from animals at the 
time of such demand. Not more than one- 
fourth of any person’s tax can be so abated.” 
When the road is three rods wide the trees 
should be six feet from the fences. If the road 
be wider the distance from the fences to the 
trees may be one-fifth of the width of the road, 
provided such distance does not exceed 11 feet. 
L. S., Geneva, N. Y. —Some years ago A 
gave a hired man permission to build a house 
on a corner of his land for a dwelling-place. 
Now, A wishes to sell the farm, but the would- 
be buyer refuses to take it unless the house is 
removed; this the owner refuses to do. What 
can A do to force him to move? 
Ans. —If the house had been built without 
A’s permission, it would have become his 
property, and he could remove or sell it as it 
stands; but having given his hired man per¬ 
mission to build, he must now revoke the 
license or permission, and give him notice to 
remove the building. If he fails to do so 
within a reasonable time, the owner of the 
land may remove it. 
L. T., Vogel, Texas. —A has a farm worth 
§3,500 and mortgages it to B for §1,200, to be 
paid in five years, with 10 per cent, annual 
interest. A pays the interest for three years, 
and then sells the farm to C, who assumes the 
mortgage. (J fails to pay tne interest; can B 
claim the money of A, or can he foreclose on 
C’s farm ? 
Ans.—B’ s claim goes with the land; and C 
is the responsible debtor. 
PERSONALS. 
Admiral Porter, in his 77th year, preserves 
his health by eating simple food, rarely 
drinking tea or coffee, smoking in moderation, 
and keeping pleasantly busy. , 
The last member of William Wordsworth’s 
household is dead. This was the widow of his 
son William. She was buried in Grasmere 
churchyard a fortnight ago, next to the grave 
of Dorothy Wordsworth. 
Louis, KiDg of Portugal, is seldom to be 
seen without a cigar, and he converses fluently 
in English, French, Italian, Portuguese, Span¬ 
ish, German and Swedish. He is pleasantand 
tells ever so many anecdotes. 
Senator Voorhees was recently talking to 
a crowd of politicians in Washington. He 
said: “This Prohibition movement is going to 
swamp both parties. The churches of the 
land are behind it, and it cannot be stopped.’ 
Enoch Pratt, who gave Baltimore, Md , a 
free library, has just celebrated his eighty- 
first birth day. Mr. Pratt gave property 
worth §250,000 and his check for §850,000 to 
to the city and agreed to give §50,000 a year 
to the support of the library. 
Lord Dufferin, Viceroy of India, and 
formerly Governor-General of Canada, is now 
dependent upon an amanuensis. The tendons 
of both of his hands have contracted and he 
is unable to use a pen. The tendons have 
been cut, but it will be impossible for' the 
noted diplomat to regain the free use of his 
hands. 
Chief- Justice Fuller is the smallest man on 
the Supreme Court Bench. He is five feet six 
inches in bight and weighs 125 pounds. 
Justice Gray is a giant compared to Fuller, 
being six feet five inches in bight and weigh¬ 
ing nearly 300 pounds. Justice Harlan is also 
a large man, being two inches over six feet in 
hight and weighing 250 pounds. 
The new Governor General of Canada and 
Lady Stanley have seven children, only one 
of whom is a girl. The ages of the four sons, 
who generally go about with their parents on 
their vice-regal journeys, range from 17 to 21. 
The eldest son, Edward, is in England, and is 
the future Lord Stanley, as the Governor- 
General will succeed his childless brother as 
Earl of Derby. Miss Lister, a niece of Lady 
Stanley, is staying with her aunt at present. 
It is said that Alexander Dumas lives strict¬ 
ly by measures and weight. He rises at half¬ 
past six in summer and seven in winter. His 
first breakfast invariably consists of a glasg 
of milk. The second, which he takes at noon, 
is a very plain meal. Dinner occurs exactly 
at seven o’clock, and by 10 he is in bed. He 
walks three miles every day, and never works 
after four in the afternoon, and he is a strong 
and thoroughly healthy man. 
.Some of the Hon. L. P, Morton’s imported 
Guernsey stock are on exhibition at the 
Buff alo International Fair, and among breed¬ 
ers of fine cattle attract much attention. 
Mr. Morton showed in eight classes and car¬ 
ried off eight prizes. These are: For the 
best aged herd (bull and four cows or heifers), 
first prize of §200; first prizes for cows three 
years or over, two-year-old heifer and bull 
calf; and second prizes for bull over three 
years old, bull over one-year old, two year old 
heifer and one-year-old heifer; making a total 
of four first and four second-class prizes, 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
A 100 - Ton Silo.— Silver & Deming 
Manufacturing Co. of Salem,Ohio, have issued 
a circular or tract giving all the plans, bill of 
material, etc. etc , needed for building a large 
silo. As we understand it, these plans have 
been prepared by a practical farmer. 
Michigan Experiment Station.— Bulletin 
No. 38 comes from the Farm Department, 
and deals with the experiments with different 
varieties of wheat conducted by Prof. John¬ 
son, and also with a series of experiments with 
plaster, ashes and salt as a top dressing for 
meadows and pastures. As a result of the 
wheat experiments, Prof. Johnson advises 
farmers to “try new varieties of wheat spar¬ 
ingly, until convinced by repeated tests that 
they are adapted to your soil and latitude.” 
Indiana Agricultural Reports, Volume 
29, is sent by Alex. Heron, Indianapolis, Ind. 
This is an excellent volume. There are some 
curious mistakes of the proof-reader notice, 
able. For example, on page 434 we read: “It 
requires about one in four of what we call 
Bumoid to the Nutrogenoid, we call lean, to 
form the best results” (! !). 
THE POST-OFFICE CLUB. 
Our poet bad his innings again the other 
night. He read the following poem which ho 
said he wrote last Saturday when it rained so 
hard that he could not work out-doors : 
the old white hoss. 
I seen a man a-drlvln’ up the hill 
Behind an ole white hoss—knee-sprung an’ lame. 
The man wuz fat enough to kill—the hoss 
Wuz thin an’ weak an’ spavlned-up, but game, 
Like sum ole thoroughbred what won’t give up, 
Ner let them great big buneht s on his legs 
Throw nary limp into his speretness. 
He never asks no quarters-never bogs. 
The ole white hoss pulled hard to mount the hill. 
He done his best, but,half way up the road 
He hit his stiff ole huff agin a stone, 
An’ stumbled down an’ like to tipped the load. 
An’ then the big fat feller catclied the whip 
An’ give the poor ole hoss a cut that stung; 
He Jerked the lines an’ sawed the bit ser hard 
He ’most cut off the poor ole feller's tongue. 
An’ thinks says I, that’s Jest the way the world 
Treats these old fellers that hev done their part, 
An’ done it well, until their strength goes out. 
It’s powerful strange the world ain’t gut no heart. 
It’s powerful strange that patient, honest work. 
Done years before don’t never hev no show. 
When ole folks'fails and drops behind the rest 
The world don’t give ’em nothin’ but a blow. 
“Veil, veil,” said Uncle Jacob, “dere vas 
some truth in dot, surely. You take dese 
young fellers dot vas growing up mit man¬ 
hood. Life vas all ahead off dem. It vas im- 
bossible for dem to realize what der older men 
haf done. Conseguently they was get imba- 
dient somedimes ven der older men vas not 
quite so spry. Veil, veil, dere vas many sad 
und hopeless tings about olt age. Und yet, 
der right kind off olt age vas von off der 
bleasantest parts off life. What vas dot boet 
say ? 
‘Grow olt along mit me, 
Der best vas yet to pe.’ 
Dot olt man dot haf done his best and dot haf 
der memory off goot deeds done,mit his heart, 
vas haf somedink dot vas take all der sting 
off dese cuts off der vorld right away.” 
SMALL PICA. 
ENTIRELY NEW. 
^ ”. »i 
CLARK’S CUTAWAY HARROW 
Supersedes the plow; beats the world; ground made 
Into a perfect seed bed; has a seeding attachment for 
sowing all kinds of grain. Send for new circular with 
full description. I1IGGAN UM. M’FR CORPOR¬ 
ATION, lligganuin, Conn,, Sole Manufacturers. 
Warehouses, 189 and 191 Water St., New York, and 
South Market St., Boston, Mass. 
THE SYRACUSE NURSERIES, 
OLD AND RELIABLE, 
ARE STILL OFFERING THE MOST COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF YOUNG, SMOOTH, THRIFTY STOCK IN 
AMERICA. 
BUDDED APPLES, STANDARD PEARS, DWARF PFARS (High uml L<>w Headed), 
PLUMS, (HFKHIES, PEACHES, OU1NCFS, RUSSIAN APRICOTS, 
GOOSEBERRIES. CURRANTS nml a lull line oi 
ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, etc. Also Extra Sized STANDARD PEAKS of the Finest Quality. 
Special Inducements to Buyers in large quantities. Trnde List out August 1st. 
SMITHS, POU£LL & LAMB, Syracuse, IV. Y. 
I T is a conceded fact that there is no better place in the U. S. for 
Nurserymen to sort up, Dealers to Pack, or Planters to order, 
than at the Painesville Nurseries, the aim of THE STORRS HARRI.’ 
"■ SON CO. being to carry a full line of Fruit and Orna¬ 
mental Trees, Bulbs, Shrubs and Roses. Have a re- ‘ 
markably fine stock of Standard, High Top Dwarf and 
Dwarf Pear; Plum, Peach, Cherry, Apple, Quince, 
Russian and other Apricots. Grape Vines, both old 
and new. Currants, Gooseberries, Blackberries, 
Raspberries, Strawberries, etc. In fact a full line of 
Fruits and Ornamentals, both large and small. Prices 
Reduced to suit the times. Correspondence solicited. _ 
Price List Free. 34 th YEAR. 700 ACRES. 24 GREENHOUSES 
Address THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., PAINESVILLE, LAKE CO., OHIO, 
85fi,SSQ'GRAPE 7 VINES 
TOO VARIETIES. Headquarter* of the MOV ER. The Earliest and Bent, Reliable Red Grape now first of¬ 
fered under seal. Also Small Fruits, Trees, Etc. 
Vines mailed for 15 cento. Descriptive Price List free. 
Three Sample 
LEWIS R0ESCH, Fredonia, N. Y. 
10,000 AGENTS WANTED to supply FIFTY 
THE LIFE OF 
BEN.HARRISON 
MILLION PEOPLE with 
By the author of 
BEN HUR. 
Sen. Lets Wallace, the eminent Author, Statesman, Diplomat, and Lite-long friend of Gen. Harrison, is writing 
the only authorittd Biography. "No man living more comp etent"— Ex-Got. Porter, of Ind. JUllions have 
read Ben Hpy and want BeiyHarrl^ou by same author. Selling immensely. By mail 82.00. Gi 
Money Making book yet. Outfits 
__ „ . _Greatest 
«*•* HUBBARD BROS., Philadelphia or Chicago. 
