657 
or even more; hens five aud one half to seven 
pounds or more- 
The Indian Game cock has a rather long 
head with broadish skull; a neck of medium 
length and slightly arched; a strong, well- 
curved beak; an irregular pea comb, small in 
size and fitting closely to the head; very 
scanty ear-lobes and wattles; a very thick, com¬ 
pact body, very broad at the shoulders and 
tanering toward the tail; a flattish back; a 
very wide breast, prominent and well- 
rounded; short wings carried closely to the 
body ; round and stout thighs; rather long and 
strong shanks; and a tail of medium length 
with a few narrow secondary sickles and tail 
coverts, carried rather low. The general ap¬ 
pearance of the cock is that of a broad, some¬ 
what tall, powerful, active, sprightly and 
vigorous bird; the plumage is short, close^ 
hard and very brilliant; the breast, under¬ 
body and thighs are of a glossy black color 
with a green luster; the neck hackle is green, 
glossy black, each feather having a brown 
crimson shaft; the back and saddle are a 
mixture of rich greenish-black and brown 
crimson, the former greatly predominating; 
the wing-bow is chestnut and the wing-bar 
black with a rich green luster; the tail is 
green glossy black. 
The general characteristics of the hen, with 
the modifications due to sex, are the same 
as those of the cock. Like his, her shanks and 
toes are of a deep yellow or orange color; face 
wattles and ear-lobes red, and the beak either 
horn colored or j ellow striped with horn. She 
differs in plumage, however, the grouud color 
being a chestnut brown, the feathers laced 
with a medium sized V-shaped lacing of 
metallic green glossy black, which looks as if it 
were embossed or raised, and renders the bird 
exquisitely beautiful in appearance. 
The flesh of the Indian Game is abundant 
and distributed just where it is most desired 
—tnisany one can see by handling the fowl— 
and its flavor is pronounced by those who 
have tasted it as excellent. Such men as Mr. 
Tegetmeier, Mr. Comyns and other English 
authorities, have not hesitated to place the 
Indian Game in the very foremost position a s 
a table fowl. Concerning its laying qualities 
there seems to be some controversy, some 
writers averring that it excels all other va" 
rieiies of Games in the number of eggs pro¬ 
duced and that it will lay more eggs than any 
variety except the Leghorns and Hamburgs; 
while others assert that it is a rather poor lay¬ 
er, not to be compared with some 
vai leties of domestic fowls. In this country 
theie has been no opportunity to test the 
breed’s laying qualities, for, so far as 1 know, 
only Mr. H. P. Clarke, of Irvington, Ind., 
aLd Mr. H. IS. Babcock, of Providence, R. 1 , 
own any of these fowls, and their importa¬ 
tions are of so recent a date that these men 
could not testify of their own knowledge upon 
this subject. 1 have, however, seen the eggs 
laid by the variety. I imported some last 
summer which tailed to hatch, and they were 
very large with a slight tint of buff, some 
being quite light, while others weie quite 
deep. They were fine-lookiDg eggs. 
This breed, if it comes into favor in this 
country, will win its popularity on account of 
its beauty aud its excellent table qualities. 
The male birds will probably be used for 
crossing upon the flocks of those who raise 
poultry for market to improve the q.iautity 
and quality of the flesh, while some fancier 
will be found who will cultivate the variety 
for its wonderful beauty. It is not likely that 
any eggs or fowls will be ottered for sale at 
present. I have certainly none for sale. 
H. S. BABCOCK. 
illje UitmjarD. 
NORTHERN GRAPE LINE. 
On looking over this year’s heavy crop of 
grapes, i thought that I would give you some 
results of my experience in growing this fruit 
00 miles northwest of Montreal. I commenced 
eight years ago by planting a few varieties 
each of such as 1 had seen recommended. 1 w as 
then quite ignorant of vine culture, but of the 
350 vines then planted 1 have not lost one. I 
commenced with the trellis system—-posts and 
wires—but at the end of the fifth year 1 aband¬ 
oned it. The main arms of the vines had become 
difficult to lay down in the fall, and had grown 
unsightly; so 1 sawed them off near the roots, 
and adopted the French system of annual re¬ 
newal, preserving, when pruning in the fall, 
two healthy shoots nearest the ground, five or 
six feet long, for next season’s fruiting. These 
are easily held down by a spadeful of earth 
until spring, when 1 tie them up, each forming 
nearly a half circle on either side of the stake. 
The new wood 1 pinch back to about two feet 
in length, and nip or break off all laterals. 
This system I find easy and satisfactory, 
To be more explicit, but at the expense of 
being tedious, I name the varieties which I 
have in cultivation : Adirondac, Agawam, 
Brighton. Concord, Cettage, Delaware, Early 
Victor, Janesville, Hartford Prolific, Lady 
Washington, Lindley, Moore’s Early, Massa- 
soit, Martha, Perkins, Pocklington, Prentiss, 
Salem, Talman, Walter and Worden. The 
situation is a hill-side, with a southern aspect, 
and well protected from north winds; the soil 
a sandy loam; and the only fertilizers used, a 
little bone meal once, and latterly some wood 
ashes. Perkins, Walter and Agaw am mildew¬ 
ed with me from the first, whether pruned 
close or allowed to grow rampant. The first 
to ripen were the Janesville and Talman 
Seedling, followed closely by Cottage and 
Moore's Early; next in succession of black va¬ 
rieties, Hartford Prolific, Early Victor, Ad¬ 
irondac, Worden and Concord. The red 
ripened in the following order: Delaware, 
Salem, Brighton, Lady Washington, Martha 
and Prentiss. This time last year, all varie¬ 
ties were ripe; this year, at the same date, 
only Janesville, Talman aud some of Moore’s 
Early. Concords are now only coloring. 
1 do not think, judging from my personal 
experience, that grape growing can be made 
a success in this latitude, except with the earli¬ 
est varieties, and in favorable situations. 
True, the Chasselas has been grown with suc¬ 
cess at Aylmer, 70 miles northwest of here, 
and last season, Mrs. McKay, of Papineauville, 
21 miles northwest of here, sent me ripe fruit 
of the Chasselas de Fontainebleau aud the Cas- 
selas Meuuier, iipe on the 10th of September 
and grown on vines which her father brought 
from France 50 years ago. 
1 have six Niagaia seedlings from the seeds 
you distributed a lew years ago. None of 
them has yet fruited; tour of the vines have 
small, thin leaves; two have large, leathery, 
dark-green foliage, ana ripen their wood early. 
If these two come to anything I will advise 
you. R. LANIGAN. 
Calumet, Quebec. 
FARM SKETCHES. 
NO. I 
He was fresh from Castle Garden when I 
first saw him. He stood in the store as 
patiently as an ox might have stood while we 
waited for the team from the farm. His 
heavy face was immovable. His little eyes 
barely glanced about to note the strange ob¬ 
jects of the new country into which the wave 
of immigration had drifted him. What an un¬ 
couth object he seemed! Tne little cap with the 
straggling yellow hair stealing from beneath it, 
the queer coat, with the long, dangling skirts, 
the high boots and the bag-like pants; the ser¬ 
vile stoop in the shoulders and the patient 
stupidity. Can America assimilate such 
material as this? 
He was a Russian, so we learned after a few 
weeks. Little by little he dropped his awk¬ 
wardness and showed that his stupidity was not 
all hopeless. Nobody taught him the princi¬ 
ples of Americanism, he absorbed them: free¬ 
dom, hope, courage, manhood came to him 
almost nnpei ceptibly. We are reading the 
articles on Siberia in the Century Magaziue; 
those terrible pen-pictures of tne greatest pre¬ 
sent crime against Liberty. We started read¬ 
ing these articles with the understanding that 
the Nihilists occupied about the place in Rus¬ 
sian politics that the Anarchists occupy here. 
Gradually the conviction has grown upon 
us that if we lived in Russia to-day we would 
have to join the Nihilists or leave the country. 
We tried to learn something of Russian life 
from Hans, but his tongue could not yet 
straighten itself out into our language. He 
could only nod and laugh or shake his head. 
Do we understand the courage needed by 
such as he to leave home and friends and go 
into a strange land where hardly a single 
condition of life seems natural? It is super¬ 
human courage or divine inspiration prompted 
by a whisper from the spirit of Liberty. 
At last a letter came from Russia. A letter 
from a distant home! We wondered as we 
looked at the heavy, straggling lines, what 
news it conveyed. The farther we go from 
home, the happier are we at joyful tidings. 
Distance but adds to the intensity of sad 
news. We can only feel how far we are from 
those we love, and how cold must be the 
words we write on paper. It is the sym¬ 
pathetic voice and the tender hand-clasp that 
reach the heart. 
Hans read his letter at night, at the bam. 
How it ihauged him. The old servile stoop 
came back, His eyes were red with crying, is 
there anything more pitiful thau a strong man 
in.lears? He weni,about his v>orkin a listless, 
weary way. He shunned us, crawling away 
like a hunted animal. It was as though the 
hand of Slavery had reached out to touch 
him, to remind him that he never could escape 
from it. He dropped all his Americanism—he 
was only the Russian peasant again. 
We got the story at last. He must go back 
to serve five years in the Russian army. If 
he did not report at a certain date, his father’s 
farm would be confiscated bv the govern¬ 
ment. Thus it is that Russia governs her peo¬ 
ple. And did he go back—you ask? He is 
safe and happy here. He knows the fate that 
awaits him, the army discipline, the lash— 
possibly Siberia. Why not stay 
in this land of freedom, where in 
spite of all the mouthings of demagogues, a 
man can come nearer true manhood than he 
can on any other spot on this earth ? But how 
about the old father and mother ? Ah ! Those 
Russians know how to make men do their bid¬ 
ding 1 Put yourself in his place. Would you 
have gone back after a taste of life in Ameri¬ 
ca? He went, smothering tie feelings his 
few months in America had taught him—such 
feelings would bring the Russian soldier only 
lashes—he turned his back upon liberty and 
went back to slavery. Would r/ow do it ? Would 
you do it, I ask again, that your parents 
might keep their home ? 
There are many things in this America of 
ours that are not right. Our system of gov¬ 
ernment is far from perfect. We are fend of 
pointing them out and bewailing them, and 
yet at such an incident as this, who will not 
say with a full htart: “Thank God for the 
blessed privilege of being known as an Ameri¬ 
can citizen?” h. w. c. 
THE POST-OFFICE CLUB. 
and 
NIT. HOPE NURSERIES 
1840 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 1888 
We offer for FALL PLANTING the largest, 
moat complete and carefully cultivated collections 
in the United 8tatea of: 
FRUIT TREES. Standard and Dwarf. 
CRAPES. All the best old and new sorts, in¬ 
cluding the fine new grape “ Mills.” 
SMALL FRUITS. All the best, embracing: the 
new Gooseberry “Industry.” 
^^A^lNTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 
ROSES of every class, the finest in cultivation. 
Catalogues sent to all regular customers, Free. 
To others: No. 1, Fruits, 10c.; No. 2, Ornamental 
Trees, etc., illustrated, 16c.; No. 3, Strawberries; 
No. 4, Wholesale; No. 6, Roses, free. 
ELLWANCER &. BARRY. 
Trees and Tree-Planting. 
BY GEN. JAMES S. BRISBIN, U.’S. A. 
With Portrait. 12mo, Cloth, $1 50. 
There is scarcely a farmer or villager in America 
who would not put money into his pociet by rending 
this book and acting according to its suggestions.— 
N. Y. Herald. 
The author is an authority on the subject und< r con 
sideration, and the volume is replete with valuable and 
interesting information —Observer, N. Y. 
Ought to be read by ei crybody with ground enough 
to plant a tree.— Philadelphia Times. 
Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New YorK. 
The above work is for sale by all booksellers, or will 
be sent by Harper & Brothers, tostpaid, to any part 
of the United States or Canada,on receipt of the pi ice. 
Harper’s Catalogue sent on receipt of Ten Cents in 
stamps for postage. 
HILP0RN RASPBERRY, 
Two years ago the proprietors of Fonthill Nurseries 
of Canada purchased the entire stock of this valuable 
Black Cap, and can now furnish flist-class plnnis at 
reasonable rates; much hardier than Gregg, fully as 
productive, and of excellent quality. 
See notice In Rural of Sept. 15th. Send for circular 
and price. Address 
STONE & WELLINGTON, 
Toronto, Canada. 
While our club was in session the other 
night we got an illustration of the way agri- 
cultuie is sliding into special lines. The 
butcher has a shop close to the store. He 
frequently goes through the store to reach his 
shop. While we were holding our meeting he 
and his man passed by us with several car¬ 
casses of Chicago dressed beef. This beef had 
come up from New York by express. It was 
neatly packed in sacking and is, as all of us 
well know, of first-rate quality. This incident 
made us think that but a few years ago this 
butcher killed almost all his own beeves,many 
of which were raised in the township. Now 
he hardly ever kills anything but calves. The 
cheap corn and grass of the West are too much 
for us. We have found it necessary to raise 
smaller cattle in order to keep our end up. 
Now and then some of our people will 
fatten up some dry cow and butcher her, 
but as a rule we keep dairy cows and keep 
them just as long as their teeth hold out. 
Where these old cows go to when their teeth 
wear down to the gums is a problem nobody 
seems able to solve. Many of the old farmers 
see a very black side to this new state of af¬ 
fairs. Their idea of farming comes from the 
old school, which taught that true economy 
required that the farmer should make it his 
first aim to produce as many of his necessaries 
as possible at home. Thus the farmer of old 
times seldom bought meat or coarse clothing 
or dozens of other things that he now goes to 
the store for. We are drifting into a new sys¬ 
tem of farming—a system of specialties—the 
principles of which Uncle Jacob explained as 
the butcher carried his Chicago dressed beef 
into the shop: “You dake von off dese big 
families dot vas strong-handed in mit der 
house uud out of it. Ven all dem boys und 
girls starts out mit vork, off von does von yob 
und anoder does anoder yob und anoder does 
somedink else, der conseguence vas dot dey 
vas all vork togedder und accomplish 
somedink. Dis coundry vas shust like 
a big family. It vas not 60,000,000 
beeble all vorkiug mit demselfs, but 
effery man vas interested mit somebody 
else. Now den der idea vas dot off certain 
beeble vas make a beesness off making clothes 
dey vas make them clothes sheaper dan dem 
beeble dot vas not make it a beesness. It vas 
der same vay mit shoes und hats, und all 
dese Oder tings. Dividing dese tings up mit 
special broducts vas sheapen dem. Dem 
fellers out Vest on dem big ranches vas raise 
cattle shust so much sheaper dan we can. 
Den dem fellers in dem corn States dey vas 
find dat dej can fat dem cattle sheaper dan 
dem fellers dot raises dem mit der first blace. 
Den der railroads find dot dey can ship der 
beef off dose cattle all ofer der country 
sheaper dan der butcher can pick up der 
cattle und kill dem. Now den, dese tings vas 
true, uud dere vas no Jaw to brevent dem. 
Vas it pay dot New Shersey farmer to try und 
raise beef ven dem fellers vas sell it for less 
dan it costs him? Dot vas not beesness 
farming. He vas better occept der situation 
und shust raise somedink dot dem fellers vas 
not able to raise, Dot vas btesness farming.” 
small PICA, 
Newand Rare Plants,Orchids,k 
A Larne Collection of Hot-liouse and Green¬ 
house Plants, carefully grown at Low Ra es. 
ORCHIDS, u very extensive stock Hast Indian, 
Mexican, Central and South American, ftc Pitcher 
Plants, a large collection ; Roses, Clematis, &e. 
DUTCH BULBS, 
Large Importations from Leading Growers In 
Holland Fruit ai d Ornamental Trees, »fcc. 
Catalogues on application. 
JOHN SAUL, 
Washington, D. C. 
600 ACRES. 13 CREENHOUSES- 
TREES ■ PLANTS 
We offer for the Fall trade a large and fine stock 
of every description of Fit UIT and Ornamental 
TREES, Shrubs, Ttoses, Vines, SMALL 
FRUITS, Hedge Plants, Fruit Tree Seed¬ 
lings and Forest Tree Seedlings. Priced Cata¬ 
logue Fall of 1883, mailed free. Established 1862. 
BLOOMINGTON(PHCENIX) NURSERY 
SIDJiEt TUTTLE & CO. Proprietor*, BLOOJUNUTOX, ILL. 
P 
ROFITABLE T ° ifl ,: r w 
PYLE’S RED WINTER APPLE 
a large, red, showy apple; good keeper, and 
abundant bearer. Price, first-class trees, 75 cents* 
second class 50 cents, each. Write to 
GEOllGE ACHELLS, West Chester* l’a. 
Burt, Hampden, 
Logan. Baverland,, Warfield, Jessie & Itasca Straw¬ 
berry Plants H e per doz ; *2 per 11X), postpaid. On 
good ground these will bear next June. 
PUTNEY tfc WOOD WAh O Brentwood, N. Y. 
THE WEEKLY 
Courier-Journal 
—AND THE— 
R. N.-Y. 
TRIAL TRIP. 
A SAKTRIP. 
Both Three Months for Only 
The character of the Courier-Journal 
under the editorial management of Henry 
Watterson is thoroughly known. 
Under this Unusual Offer all fcub- 
sci iptions must be sent to the 
COURIER-JOURNAL, 
Louisville, Ky. 
