TNI ftilftAL NlW-WRKiR. 
STS 
remarkable specimen seed spike of the Latania 
Borbornica. It was at least four feet in 
length and the seeds were nearly ripe. It was 
an odd sight and attracted attention to the 
fine exhibition of seeds made by this well 
known firm. They also showed a seed-tester 
in operation. It is an original machine, in¬ 
vented by James Farquher, and will germi¬ 
nate seeds in a short time, if they are all 
right. A large variety of wild and cultivated 
flowers were shown in one end of this building. 
The stock sheds were well filled. N. B. Reed 
of Princeton and John B. Sanborn of East 
Concord, N. H.', showed some fine Devons. J. 
A. Bancroft, of Worcester, filled a number of 
stalls with specimens from his herd of Swiss 
cattle. The Jersey men were out in full force, 
but it is evident that more attention is paid to 
the milk than to the butter breeds in this State. 
Some very fine herds of the Polled Angus at¬ 
tracted attention and evidently made quite 
an impression on the local cattlemen. 
A number of remarkably good Holstein- 
Friesians were on exhibition. The Riverside 
Farm of Barre Plains, Mass., showed a large 
herd led by the fine four year-old bull, Fors¬ 
ter (2771). He weighed 2,450 pounds. Hill¬ 
side Stock Farm, of Marlboro, Mass., showed 
a large number of fine animals led by the 
well-known bull Mercedes Prince (No. 2150)„ 
The Lonsdale Company usually excel all other 
exhibitors in the number and merit of Hol- 
steins. They showed this year four bulls, 
including Sir Charles of Aaggie, What Cheer 
and Franklin Prince, also a fine lot of cows 
and young stock. 
The sheep and swine pens were well filled. 
Among the swine there was nothing worthy 
of especial mention, except the Small York¬ 
shires from the Red House Farm, New Lon¬ 
don, Conn. They attracted much attention 
because of their compact bodies and clean, 
healthy appearance. 
Very few novelties were exhibited. The 
Norwood Manufacturing Company had some 
specimens of their “Beddine” in use in the 
cattle stalls. It is a new bedding made of 
peat moss, and is claimed to be very much 
cheaper than straw. j. h. g. 
That old work-at-home humbug, the Reliable 
Manufacturing Company of Philadelphia, 
which, so far as we know, has suspended op¬ 
erations of late, has again beguu to seek vic¬ 
tims by advertising in some country papers 
and by means of circulars through the mails 
Probably the Post-Office authorities will soon 
put a stop to the latter mode of reaching the 
gullible public. One of its circulars now be¬ 
fore us says: “We guarantee to give full em¬ 
ployment to all ladies or young men who re¬ 
ceive this circular, and will do our work neat 
and clean.” The circular appears to contain 
nothing new; it is merely one of the old stock. 
The concern sells electrographs and “ outfrs ” 
for coloring them, and promises to pay 00 
cents for each picture when finished and for¬ 
warded to the “Company." Such concerns, 
however, do not change their practices any 
more than the leopard changes its 
spots, and for years the Eye-Opener 
used to be in frequent receipt of bitter 
complaints from those who had invested 
money with the humbug, and spent a good 
deal of time in learning how to color the 
pictures properly; but who could not induce 
the sharpers to buy them back when painted. 
Nothing is easier than to find excuses for not 
buying what one doesn’t want, especially 
one who has previously laid the ground-work 
for a multitude of such excuses, and when the 
rogue profits by his cunning and mendacity. 
Tne number of these work-at-home humbugs 
has lately been greatly reduced, chiefly by the 
Post-Office authorities who have sternly 
prosecuted them for using the U. S. mail for 
fradulent purposes,and this Department of the 
Rural New-Yorker has been a powerful 
and persistent helper in this good work. 
Concerns Censured.— Under this caption 
the Eye-Opener will, from time to time, give 
the names of concerns he has seen censured in 
other papers, but which have not been inves¬ 
tigated from the Rural Office. Among these 
are the following: The Illustrated Monthly 
Miscellany, alias the Miscellany Publishing 
Company; the Sheffield Knife Company; the 
Tremont Spoon Company and the Bay State 
Publishing Company, all of Boston, Mass.; 
the Sprague M’f’g Co.; Bennett, Holtzman & 
Co. and L. D. Herrick, Chicago; the Mutual 
Aid Association, Dayton, Ohio, and the Mon¬ 
itor Lamp Company alias the Monitor Pub¬ 
lishing Company, of Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Chid. 
“Every Man is presumed to know the Law. 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation arises from Ig¬ 
norance of Law.' 1 ' 
DUTIES OP TAX ASSESSORS. 
W. E. V., Ontario, N. Y. —What laws govern 
the assessment of real estate and personal 
property in New York State? The assessors 
here are guilty of the grossest kind of injustice 
and favoritism. Some of the best and most 
productive farms, with first-class buildings 
and fine orchards, are assessed for less than 
poor and unproductive farms, which if forced 
on the market would not bring two-thirds 
as much as the others. When the tax-payers 
complain, the assessors say they will make the 
valuation what they please, and that the tax¬ 
payers cannot help themsfelves. Instead of 
going on each man’s land to put a valuation 
on it, they, while standing in one man’s yard, 
assesses his neighbor’s property. In what 
book, and in what part of it, can the law re¬ 
lating to the matter be found ?•• 
Ans. —The assessors’ duties are, briefly, to 
set down according to the best information in 
their power, the names of all taxable inhabi¬ 
tants in their town or ward, the quantity 
of land to be taxed to each person, the 
full value of such land, and the full value of 
all taxable personal property owned by .such 
person, after deducting the just debts owing 
by him. All real and personal estate liable to 
taxation shall be estimated and assessed by 
the assessors at its full and true value, as they 
would appraise the same in payment of a debt 
due from a solvent debtor. On the applica¬ 
tion of any person conceiving himself ag¬ 
grieved, it is the duty of the assessors to meet 
to hear and examine all complaints in relation 
to such assessments as may be brought before 
them. They must examine the person object¬ 
ing to the assessment under oath, and hear 
such evidence as may be presented, and then 
fix the value of the property at such a sum as 
they may deem just. They shall then swear 
that they have made the assessments accord¬ 
ing to their best judgment and belief. The 
whole of the law relating to this subject is set 
forth in Chapter XIII. of the Revised Stat¬ 
ute Laws of New York, by Saxton, and the 
“Tax Laws, Assessments, etc., by J. T. 
Davies. 
J. JR. W., Elmira, N. Y. —A owns four or 
five acres of woods between his cleared land, 
and B’s pasture,and C’s land runs between the 
two at right angles to the wood lot, thus: 
A’s cleared land. 
• • • 
'O . 
p • • 
& : A’s wood lot. : 
03 1 • 
o :.: 
B’s pastui e. 
A fences his own land next to the wood lot, 
but pays no attention to the line fence. Now, 
if B’s cattle break through the line fence and, 
passing through the wood lot, do damage 
on. C’s property, who pays for it? 
Ans.—C will have to stand the loss, proba¬ 
bly. Neither A nor B is required to main¬ 
tain a fence on the wood lot which A does not 
care to improve and allows to be “in com¬ 
mon;” but if C had a legally sufficient fence 
and B’s cattle broke through it, then B is 
liable for damages consequent on the trespass, 
as at common law. 
LIEN FOR STALLION'S SERVICE IN N. Y. 
L. S. T., Bath, N. Y. —In the Law Depart¬ 
ment of September 29, the Ohio law relating 
to a lien for a stallion’s get for service fee is 
given; is the law the same in this State? 
Ans. —In this State, in order to perfect the 
lien the owner or keeper of the stallion must 
within six months (not ten) after the service 
of the stallion file a notice of the lien “in the 
same manner and place as chattel mortgages 
are required by the law to be filed.” It must 
specify “against whom the claim is, the 
amount of the same, together with a full de¬ 
scription of the property upon which the lien 
is held. Such lien shall terminate at the end 
of one year from the date of filing the notice 
thereof unless within that time an action 
shall be commenced for the enforcement 
thereof.” 
S. S., Milford, Mass .—A holds a mortgage 
on B’s farm; can he attach personal property 
to pay the interest ? 
Ans.—Y es. 
THE POST-OFFICE CLUB. 
A travelling theatrical company gave an 
entertainment at our school-house last week. 
They didn’t have much of an audience. 
They were poor actors anyway. Our folks 
are so near the city that when they want to 
witness an entertainment they can go and see 
something that is really worth seeing. Our 
theatrical friends had such a small audience 
that they failed to pay expenses, and they 
appeared to have no surplus to fall back upon 
but a lot of debts. Such people must see 
some curious sides of life. One of them spent 
an hour with us at the store one night. Our 
poet bad just read a couple of his best selec- 
tio s, when the actor offered to favor the com¬ 
pany with a little poem of his own. Of course 
we were polite enough to ask him to proceed, 
so he recited the following which we take to 
be original with him. 
- A BABY ACTRESS. 
Far our, at the edge of the rugged frontbr, 
A scant little mining camp lay at the side 
Of the gaunt Rocky Mountains so wild and so drear, 
Far down In a gulch as If seeking to hide 
From the eyes of the world, and remembering still 
That no one can hide a town placed on a hill. 
There was quite an excitement that night In the 
town. 
For an ill-painted sign straggled over the door 
Of a big, shaky house that the wind had turned 
brown, 
And a great crowd ol miners were gathered before ; 
And they read as they gazed through the fast-fading 
light— 
“ The Criterion Company Acts Here To-night! ” 
The big miners pushed their way into the room, 
Each tossing the price as he passed by the door; 
A few tallow candles fought hard with the gloom, 
A piece of old carpet hung loosely before 
A frail-looking stage which a good man could throw 
To a heap of old boards by a well-driven blow. 
Behind the old carpet the actors were placed— 
The Leading Man’s nose like the sunset just passed, 
The First Walking Gent had but one eye that graced 
His stern countenance—and that one held a cast; 
The First Leading Lady, a sour-vlsaged maid, 
While two boys the rest of the characters played. 
The audience waited in patience awhile, 
When the curtain went up and the play made a 
start; 
The ‘’Walking Gent” made the rough miners all 
smile 
When he courted the maid with his hand on his 
heart: 
But when the fat “ Leading Man ” came on the stage, 
The audience rose In a terrible rage. 
He was such a ridiculous man for the part, 
So awkward and fat—he fell in through the door; 
His voice lost Itself somewhere down near his heart, 
And turned up at last like a petrified snore— 
And a big, burly miner sprang up from Ills seat. 
Though the poor, frightened actor tried hard to re¬ 
treat. 
The audience yelled in a terrible rage— 
The poor actor wondered where he was to land, 
When a little girl ran from one side of the stage, 
And quieted all by a wave of her hand— 
“ You mustn’t hurt him, he’s my papa,” she said. 
With a nod that shook all tne bright curls on her 
head, 
The big miner loosened his hold at the belt, 
• The shouting crowd stopped In a moment their roar ; 
He stepped from the stage—you may judge how he 
felt 
By the words that he spoke as he went out the 
door:— 
“ I reckon we’d better do what we are bid— 
Let’s let up on him, boys, for the sake of the kid.” 
SMALL FICA. 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
Arbor Day. —This beautiful volume of 180 
pages, is sent by the editor and compiler, Ex- 
Gov. Robert W. Furnas of Lincoln, Nebraska. 
It is certainly a unique and valuable publi¬ 
cation. It is issued as a testimonial to Hon. 
J. Sterling Morton of Nebraska City, who is 
called “ the author of Arbor Day. It is now 
generally known, so this book states, that 
what is known as “ Arbor Day ” originated 
in Nebraska. In 1872 Mr. Morton offered a 
resolution which was unanimously adopted by 
the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture, 
calling upon the people to set etpart a day for 
tree planting. The society also offered prizes 
to the agricultural society which should plant 
properly the largest number of trees. In 
1874, Mr. Furnas, then Governor of the State, 
designated the second Wednesday in April as 
“ Arbor Day.” This was the beginning:—now 
the practice has spread all over the world. 
The present volume gives a history of the 
movement, laws regarding the subject, 
various letters from eminent persons and 
much practical information for tree-planters. 
It is a timely and valuable book. 
The Adaptation of Russian and other 
Fruits to the Extreme Northern Por¬ 
tions of the U. S.—Bulletin No. 2 from the 
Division of Pomology, U. S. Department of 
Agriculture. This pamphlet of (50 pages has 
been prepared by T. T. Lyon of Michigan. To 
the reports of such men as Prof. Budd and Dr. 
T. H. Hoskins, Mr. Lyon has added his own 
personal experience and observation, and has 
succeeded in compiling a pamphlet that will 
prove valuable to Northern fruit growers. 
Experiments with Wheat. —Bulletin No. 
15 from the Kentucky Experiment Station. 
Tests with different- varieties of wheats and 
the effects of commercial fertilizers on the 
grain are recorded. 
Fish and Game Laws of New York 
State.— This volume is compiled under the 
direction of the Commissioners of Fisheries 
by Geo. E Kent of New York. It also con¬ 
tains the laws for the preservation of the for¬ 
ests. It is a volume of 185 pages. 
and plants. 
MT. HOPE NURSERIES 
1840 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 1888 
---arge„.. 
most complete and carefully cultivated collections 
in the United States of: 
FRUIT TREES. Standard and Dwarf. 
CRAPES. All the best old and new sorts, in* 
eluding the fine new gTape “ Mills.” 
SMALL, FRUITS. All the best, embracing the 
new Gooseberry ‘‘Industry.” 
ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 
ROSES of every class, the finest in cultivation. 
Catalogues sent to all regular customers, Free. 
To others: No. 1, Fruits, 10c.; No. 2, Ornamental 
Trees, ete., illustrated, 16c.; No. 3, Strawberries; 
No. 4 , Wholesale; No. 6, Roses, free. 
ELLWANCER & BARRY. 
J. M. THGRBURN & CO., 
15 JOHN STREET, 
NEW YOBE, 
BKQ TO ANNOUNCE THAT THEIR DESCRIPTIVE PRICED 
CATALOGUE OF 
BULBS 
for Autumn planting Is ready for mailing to 
applicants. 
Lily of the Valley Pips, Bermuda Easter Lilies 
and Roman Hyacinths 
For Florists, a Specialty. 
DUTCH BULBS.&c. 
MY ANNUAL PRICED CATALOGUE OF 
HYACINTHS, TULIPS, 
NARCISSUS, LILIES, 
And all BULBS, SEEDS, etc., for Fall planting In the 
Garden and in the House, Is now ready. Mailed free 
to all applicants. 
ALFRED HRIDGEMAN, 
37 East 19th Street, New York City, 
HU-BORN RASPBERRY, 
Two years ago the proprietors of Fonthill Nurseries 
of Canada purchased the entire stock of this valuable 
Black Cap. and can now furnish first-class plants at 
reasonable rates: much hardier than Gregg, fully as 
producilve, and of excellent quality. 
See notice In Rural of Sept. IRth. Send for circular 
and price. Address 
STONE «fc WELLINGTON, 
Toronto, Canada. 
New and Rare Plants, Orchids, Sc. 
A Large Collection of Ilot-liouse and Green* 
house Plants, carefully grown, at Low Kaics. 
ORCHIDS, a very extensive stock. East Indian, 
Mexican. Central and South American. Sc Pitcher 
Plants, a large collection ; Roses, Clematis, &c. 
DUTCH BULBS, 
Large Importations from Leading Growers In 
Holland Fruit aid Ornamentul Trees, &c. 
Catalogues on application. 
JOHN SAUL, 
Washington, D. C. 
tfl “J? ft VARIETIES OS* 
47Q fruittrees, 
U I U VINES. PLANTS* ETC 
Apple, Pear, i*each,Clierry, Plum, 
Quince, Strawberry, Raspberry, 
Blackberry, Currants, Grapes, 
Gooseberries, 4c. Send for Catalogue 
J. S. COLLINS, Moorestovrn, N. i. 
600 ACRES. 13 CREENHOUSES- 
TREES a PLANTS 
We offer for the Fall trade a large and fine stock 
of every description of Fit UIT and Ornamental 
TREES, Shrubs, Boses, Vines, SMALL 
FRUITS, Hedge Plants, Fruit Tree Seed¬ 
lings and Forest Tree Seedlings. Priced Cata¬ 
logue Fall of 1888, mailed free. Established 1862. 
BLOOMINGTONPHCENIXNURSERY 
SIDNEY TUTTLE li CO. Proprietors, BLOOJ1INUTON, ILL 
P 
ROFITABLE TO «e ww 
PYLE’S RED WINTER APPLE 
a large, red, showy apple; good keeper, and 
abundant bearer. Price, first-class trees, 75 cents, 
second class 50 cents, each. Write to 
[GEORGIS AC1IEL1S, West Chester, Pa. 
1838. Pomona Nurseries. 1888.. 
Parry, Lida and Bomba Strawberries; 
Marlboro and Golden Queen Raspber¬ 
ries; Wilson,Jr., Eiteaud Mlnnewa-kl 
Blackberries; Niagara, Empire State 
and Moore’s Early Grapes; Lawson, 
and LeConte Pears, Wonderful 
Globe Peach: Scalding and Japan 
Plums ; Delaware. Winter and Keu Ci¬ 
der Apples. All the worthy old and 
promising new varieties. Cata¬ 
logue tree. 
WM. PARRY, PARRY. N. J. 
PEACH! TREES, 
ALL THE LEADING VARIETIES. 
Apple 
Varieties fo. all sections North and South. Special 
collection of winter ke“pers for sections where Not th¬ 
em varieties do not succeed. Pears, t berry and 
Quince Trees, Grape Vines, shade and v»r- 
uamental Trees. For sale Cheap. bO page Cata¬ 
logue free. The RANDOLPH PETERS NURSERY Co., 
Mention Rural New-Yorker. Wilmington, Del. 
AGENTS HERE 
