1888 
THE 
cannot 300 pounds to the acre be detected by 
chemical means, but it is also the case with 
500 pounds, with 1,000 pounds, with one ton, 
to the acre. We can see, therefore, how little 
we can expect from a chemical analysis of a 
soil. 
Sheep-raising in Australia. — Consul 
Griffith, writing from Sidney, Australia, on 
August 0th last, sent to the Treasury Depart¬ 
ment a very valuable paper referring to the 
wool production of the Australian colonies. 
It shows the exports of wool during the year 
ending June 30, and, therefore, shows an un¬ 
usual and praiseworthy freshness. With 
about 00,000,000 population the United States 
had, last year, 44,759,314 sheep; with a popu¬ 
lation of about 3,500,000 Australia has 96,462,- 
038 sheep. The totals for each colony are as 
follows: New South Wales, 40,965,152; New 
Zealand, 15,285,501; Queensland, 12,920,158; 
Victoria, 10,623,985; South Australia, 7,254,- 
000; West Australia, 1,909,944; Tasmania, 
1,547,242. The aggregate of 96,462,038 com¬ 
pares with a total of 78,888,710 in 1885, as 
shown by the special report on the wool¬ 
growing of the world that was published by 
our Bureau of Statistics last year. The fol¬ 
lowing are the numbers of sheep in the two 
other great sheep-raising countries at the 
dates of the last official returns, according to 
Bradstreet’s: European Russia in 1882, 47,508,- 
966 and the Argentine Republic in 1885. 75,- 
000,000. Australasia thus has a long lead 
among the wool-producing countries of the 
world. 
The exports of wool from all the Austral¬ 
asian colonies during the year 1887-88 
amounted to 1,283,350 bales, as against 1,185,- 
282 bales in 1886-87, the increase falling little 
short of 100,000 bales. New South Wales is 
credited with about three-fifths of the in¬ 
crease, and Queensland and Victoria with 
most of the rest. There was a small decrease 
in Tasmania and Now Zealand. 
Mr. Griffith reports that in neaily every 
part of Australasia the last clip was of much 
better quality than the one next precod¬ 
ing. 
Of the export trade the past year 1,172.345 
bales went to London and 88,236 bales to the 
continent, and only 23,769 bales came to the 
United States. 
The growth of wool-growing in Queensland 
is attracting particular attention. That col¬ 
ony now ranks ahead of Victoria and well up 
to New Zealand. Notwithstanding former 
doubts and prejudices, sheep husbandry 
promises to become exceedingly important 
and profitable. In Western Australia, in like 
manner, though few sheep are to be found 
there now, the flocks are steadily increasing. 
The interior of the colony, however, appears 
to be permanently unavailable for grazing. 
Special effort is made by the Australian 
wool-growers to develop their own markets. 
Between 30 and 40 per cent, of the product of 
the various colonies is sold at home. At Sid¬ 
ney and Melbourne excellent facilities for the 
business have been established. The growers 
find sales at home more satisfactory in many 
particulars than sales on consignment to Lon¬ 
don. 
Bran and Potatoes Compared.— 100 
pounds of potatoes worth 40 cents contain one 
pound protein and 16.6 pounds of carbohy¬ 
drates. 100 pounds of wheat bran worth 60 
cents, contain 12 6 pounds of protein and 47 
pounds of carbohydrates and fat. 
It is quite evident, says Prof. Henry in 
Hoard’s Dairyman, that the bran is far 
cheaper than the potatoes for feeding pur¬ 
poses at the prices named, and if a farmer 
can get 25 cents per bushel for the potatoes 
he can afford to haul them some distance to 
exchange for bran at such prices. The pota¬ 
toes would require cooking if fed to cows- 
Prof. Henry believes, however, that if one 
should feed potatoes to stock ho will get rath¬ 
er better results than would be indicated by a 
chemical analysis. Animals require variety 
in their food in order to mako the best gains 
and the fanner who feeds nothing but hay 
and bran, or cornstalks and bran all winter 
long, will find that for a time his cows will 
show remarkable results from any new kind 
of palatable food they may receive. 
The actual feeding value of an apple or 
pickle may be very small, but when one’s sys_ 
tern craves either it is probable that at that 
time it is worth much beyond what the chem¬ 
ist would assert. For this reason potatoes 
may have a higher value than that given to 
them, but if one is to feed a large quantity 
he may consider the figures given as about 
correct. 
The Draft-Horse Business.— There is 
something peculiar about the draft-horse 
business of this country, remarks the Breeder’s 
Gazette. It is about 35 years since our people 
began to wake up to the fact that our horse 
stock might be greatly improved by the im 
portation of the heavy draft breeds of Great 
Britain and France, and from that time down 
to the present the business of importing and 
breeding draft horses has not experienced a 
check or a reverse. No other branch of busi¬ 
ness in this country, whether pertaining to 
agriculture or any other industry, has been so 
uniformly prosperous. The importers have 
all made money; their customers who have 
bought these imported horses have almost 
universally made money; farmers who have 
bred to these imported stallions have all made 
money by so doing, and still the business goes 
on and grows; and still the demand goes out 
from our large cities, from our lumber camps 
and from our mining districts for more and 
better heavy draft horses. All horses of the 
heavy draft type, that are bred in this coun¬ 
try, find a quick market at good prices as soon 
as they are old enough for use, and there is no 
prospect of an abatement of this demand. 
Surely, breeders of draft horses in this coun¬ 
try have every reason to congratulate them¬ 
selves upon the unexampled prosperity of 
their business in the past and its bright, pros¬ 
pective future. 
PITHS AND REMINDERS. 
The reduction of the labor on the farm, and 
the consequent benefit to the wives, is reason 
enough why the'average farmer should patron¬ 
ize the butter factory, says Col. Curtis in the 
Albany Cultivator. This everlasting talk 
about the percentages of cream, and one man 
doing more than his share, and another doing 
less, is mighty unprofitable. No good comes 
out of it. It can only lead to distrust, dissatis¬ 
faction and discouragement, and some men, 
who are doing better and getting more money 
than they ever got before from their dairy, 
will imagine they are being robbed. 
Mr. Thomas says that if cultivators would 
provide for themselves good fruit-rooms, 
which could be kept uniformly cool by admit¬ 
ting cold air in cool nights and closing dur¬ 
ing warmer days, regulating the temperature 
with the help of thermometers, fine, delicious, 
melting pears would be more commonly seen, 
the winter through, and be of more easy at¬ 
tainment... 
Storrs, Harrison & Co., of Painesville, O. 
say that the planting of dwarf apples has 
been attended with gratifying success. Al¬ 
most all sorts succeed well, they say, when 
worked upon the Paradise stock, producing a 
very small tree shrub. These commence bear¬ 
ing fruit the second year from planting, and 
being as healthy as standard trees and produc¬ 
tive are a great ornament and satisfaction. 
They should be planted from six to eight feet 
apart, and will produce fruit without the de¬ 
lay attending standards. Being trained low, 
they are valuable for the West. Taking up 
but little room they are especially adapted for 
village gardens of small extent, giving the 
owners a constant and sure supply of choice 
fruit, far superior to any which can be bought 
in market. 
Cut the corn before frost and husk and 
house it as soon as possible. 
In the matter of the use of galvanized iron 
water-pipes or reservoirs, Science News takes 
the ground that it is a practice attended with 
danger to health, on account of the action of 
water upon the zinc coating, forming soluble 
and poisonous salts. Certain cases have come 
to its knowledge where sickness and even 
death have undoubtedly occurred from this 
cause. 
A Correspondent of the Weekly Press 
was for many years bothered and could never 
tell whether his apple juice was coming o.ut 
vinegar or hard cider. Two years ago he read 
in an agricultural paper that a pound or two 
of bread-dough .put into a barrel of cider 
would make it the best of vinegar in a short 
time. He found it a complete success, the 
cider to which this was added making very 
strong, clear vinegar. The dough should be 
put into the barrels after it is kneaded enough 
for baking. 
WORD FOR WORD. 
Report N. J. State Board of Agricul¬ 
ture:—Mr. Crane: “As to the question, 
‘should skimmed milk be sold’? I would say 
that, viewed from the stand-point of the New 
Jersey farmers, it should be answered in the 
negative” * * * “ Considering the cheap 
and nearly worthless character of skimmed 
milk, and the ease with which it can be sub¬ 
stituted for the better article, it seems like 
offering a premium for rascality to allow it to 
be sold at all.” * * * Mr. Abbott:— 
“ Skimmed milk should be sold because the 
public have a right to it as to every other 
cheap and wholesome food, and he who takes 
away this privilege, robs the poor man’s purse. 
Skimmed milk should be sold because there 
by a valuable and honest 'market is created 
for a by-product in the supplying of cream 
and to a limited extent in the manufacture 
of butter.—Dr. Newton: “I have so 
. often noticed that those complained of for 
violating the milk law are very much im¬ 
pressed with the idea that the standard is too 
high, but I have also noticed that all 
future shipments from these people are 
far above that standard, * * * * 
Mr. Borton: “In the spring of 1887 a warrant 
was served on me as being guilty of watering 
my milk. Knowing I was innocent, I took 
some pains to find how my milk would anal¬ 
yze. My dairy at that time consisted of about 
two thirds Holsteins and other grades, and 
the others were of common stock. I had one 
cow of Guernsey stock. I took a sample of 
her milk and a sample from one of the poorest 
of the herd, and sent it to the experiment 
station to be analyzed, and found there was a 
difference of nearly four per cent. The com¬ 
mon-stock milk showed 10.51, and the Guern¬ 
sey showed 14 40, though both were fed with 
the same kind of feed, in similar quantity and 
under the same conditions throughout. Then 
I took samples of the night’s milk and morn¬ 
ing’s milk and sent them for analysis and we 
found that the morning milk was much better 
than the night milk. The night’s milk 
showed 11.72 per cent., and the morning’s 
milk showed 12.34 per cent. That would 
bring the average about 12 per cent., but the 
inspector in taking samples of milk does not 
look for the average, but takes the lowest he 
can find. The night’s and morning’s milk you 
cannot mix so as to get an average grade, 
without they are of the same temperature. 
In this way you can see how we are at the 
mercy of the inspector, through the variation 
of the milk from different cows at the same 
time from the same feed, or the variation be¬ 
tween night’s and morning’s milk from the 
same cow.”-Mr. Voorhees: “In the town¬ 
ship where I live we generally raise from 
about $1,800 to $2,000 for our roads. I do not 
believe that out of this money there is act¬ 
ually $600 worth of honest work put on the 
roads in a year. I do not mean to say 
our township is any worse than others.”- 
Harpers’ Weekly: “A Tariff Discussion 
(i excitedly ): ‘What that yer says, Lemuel 
Simpkins?’ 
‘I said that the Mills Bill taxes my onder- 
standin’.’ 
‘Get out, yer can’t tell me there’s any tax 
on a man’s onderstandin’, leastwise on yourn— 
it wouldn't be worth collecting ”-N. Y. 
Times: Agricultural depression as a common 
misfortune is unknown in this country, and 
the farmer who complains of it has some good 
cause for complaint in himself or his work or 
management and not in his condition or posi¬ 
tion.”-Western Rural: “With proper 
management the Scandinavian Elevator Com¬ 
pany will bring the entire coterie of grain 
manipulators in Minneapolis down low on 
their knees.”-O. C. Farmer: “The taste 
that prefers a Pocklington when Brighton 
can be had must be crude indeed.”- 
Weekly Press : “Make a poultry silo to draw 
on for green ‘chicken feed’ next winter. Get 
a tight barrel and pack it with cabbage, 
beans, clover, rye, or anything green that 
poultry will relish ‘when the blizzards come 
again’”-“If you are timid yourself, 
don’t expect your horse to be fearless."- 
Garden and Forest: “ Many gardeners sow a 
bed of Danvers onions early in September 
and mulch in winter, to supply onions early 
in spring.”-Puck: “One admirable feat¬ 
ure about a wire fence. The patent-medicine 
man can’t paint a legend upon it in regard to 
his liver cure.”-Field and Farm. “A 
thrifty farmer invigorates a neighborhood. A 
lazy one demoralizes it.”-Popular Sci¬ 
ence News: “The physician’s constant asso¬ 
ciation with scenes of sorrow, suffering, and 
death is wearying and disheartening in the 
highest degree. The physician sees, in the 
sick room, human nature as it really is, de¬ 
void of all mask or concealment; audit is safe 
to say that those cases are few in which the 
true nature is not greatly inferior to 
that usually presented to the world” 
HorsfortPs Acid Phosphate 
For Indigestion, 
Dyspepsia, and diseases Incident thereto. 
— Adv. 
MAKE HENS LAY 
S HERIDAN'S CONDITION POWDER is absolute 
ly pure and highly concentrated. It is strictly 
a medicine to be given with food. Nothing on earth 
will make hens lay like it. It cures chicken chol¬ 
era and all diseases of hens. Illustrated book by 
mail free. Sold everywhere, or sent by mail for 
SS cts, in stamps. 2J<-lb. tin cans, $1; by mall 
81.20, Six cans by express, prepaid, for SO. 
I. a. Mtuoa Os., r. O. Box SI 18, Boston, Maas 
“NASAL VOICES, CATARRH AND 
FALSE TEETH.” 
A prominent English woman says the Amer¬ 
ican women all have high, shrill, nasal voices 
and false teeth. 
Americans don’t like the constant twitting 
they got about this nasal twang, and yet it is 
a fact caused by our dry, stimulating atmos¬ 
phere, and the universal presence of catarrlia 
difficulties. 
But why should so many of our women hav 
false teeth ? 
That is more of a poser to the English. It 
is quite impossible to account for it except on 
the theory of deranged stomach action caused 
by imprudence in eating and by want of regu¬ 
lar exercise. 
Both conditions are unnatural. 
Catarrhal troubles everywhere prevail and 
end in cough and consumption, which are 
promoted by mal-nutrition, induced by de¬ 
ranged stomach action. The condition is a 
modern one, one unknown to our ancestors 
who prevented the catarrh, cold, cough and 
consumption by abundant and regular use of 
what is now known as Warner’s Log Cabin 
cough and consumption remedy and Log Cabin 
sarsaparilla, two old-fashioned standard reme¬ 
dies handed down from our ancestors, and 
now exclusively put forth under the strongest 
guarantees of purity and efficacy by the world- 
famed makers of Warner’s safe cure. These 
two remedies plentifully used as the fall and 
winter seasons advance, together with an oc¬ 
casional use of Warner’s Log Cabin rose cream, 
to strengthen and protect the nasal membranes, 
give a positive assurance of freedom, both 
from catarrh and those dreadful, and if 
neglected, inevitable consequences, pneumo¬ 
nia, lung troubles and consumption, which so 
generally and fatally prevail among our peo¬ 
ple. 
Comrade Eli Fisher, of Salem, Henry Co., 
Iowa, served four years in the late war and 
contracted a disease called consumption by 
the doctors. He had frequont hemorrhages. 
After using Warner’s Log Cabin cough and 
consumption remedy, he says, under date of 
Jan, 19th, 1888 : “ I do not bleed at the lungs 
any more, my cough does not bother me, and 
1 do not have any more smothering spells.” 
Warner’s Log Cabin rose cream cured his 
wife of catarrh and she is “sound and well.” 
Of course we do not like to have our women 
called nose talkers and false teeth owners, but 
these conditions can be readily overcome in 
the manner indicated. 
DOUBLE 
Breech-Loader 
$6-7 5. 
RIFLE SS2.25 
PISTOLS 75o 
All Kinds cheaper thau 
elsewhere. Before yo* 
buy send stamp foi 
Catalogue. Addres. 
POWELL & CLEMENT. 
1 HO Main Street, 
Cincinnati. Ohio. 
UNIVERSITY of the STATE of NEW YORK 
AMERICAN 
VETERINARY COLLEGE 
1S9 & 141 West 54th Street, Hew York City. L. 
Chartered under General Laws of the State of New 
York, 1875, and by special act of the Legislature In 18SH. 
The regular Course of Lectures commenced In Oc¬ 
tober. Circular and Information can ho had on ap¬ 
plication to DR. A. MALTA Iff), V.S., 
Dean of the Faculty. 
CIIXCAlOO 
VETERINARY COLLEGE. 
INCORPORATED 1883. 
Facilities for Teaching and Clinical Ad¬ 
vantages Unsurpassed. Session of 1888-tt 
commences October 1st. #3fFor Catalogue and 
further Information, address the Secretary. 
JOSEPH HIGIIKS. M. R. O. V. 8.. 
85JW 1 and SARD State Street, Ohio intro. 
THE NEW 
IMPROVED 
UNI VIE RS'ALl 
HATCHER. 
It Is the best and most 
reliable heat regulator 
and the only moisture 
regulator In the world. 
Batteries, clocks, and 
all complications a- 
voidcd. if N 1 V E R- 
S*L HATCHER 
CO., Elmira, N Y. 
OXFORD DOWN SHEEPI SXf® 
“ Ellenborough ” Flock makes another importa¬ 
tion necessary this season. Selections of yearling 
Rams and Ewes have been made by Mr. John Tread¬ 
well, the acknowledged leading breeder, and best 
Judge In England. Oxfords are the largest of the 
black faced breeds (rams weigh 4‘45 lbs,), are heaviest 
shearers, and will outlive “tree wool.” At the last 
Smlthfleld, London, Eat Stock Show, Oxfords uon 
champion prize for best mutton sheep at the show , 
and were considered the best, class at the last great 
“Royal.” Address F. C. GOLDSHOROUGH, 
Easton, Talbot Co., Maryland. 
SHEEP AN1> LAMBS. 
Cotswold, South-down, Oxford-down, Bhropshlres, 
and Merinos, bred from our very choicest stock Write 
at once for our special prices for the fall; also Ruugli- 
eoated Collie Puppies. 
W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., Philadelphia, Pa 
RRIIF MFli for Poultry (Jrnniilated llone anil 
UUI1E. in LI L Crushed Oyster Shells. Send for Price 
List. YORK « HEMIC A U WORKS, York, l>a. 
J - '***/. jji i -i i j.V «» j i. UjL'iTI . ~ ■ . 
R«M!f 
and PREVENT CHOLERA. GAP« ROUP 
TRIAL PACKAGE r«nun II Atl r < 
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■» a. VM!'.M $4 twmiWfWiSW-woftv ■ 
