4$88 
opens as follows, named in the order of their 
receipt: 
Rural New-Yorker, $100 in r cash or 
souvenirs as the committee may prefer. 
W. Atlee Burpee (Philadelphia, Pa.), $25 
worth of vegetable and flower seeds selected 
from our 1889 catalogue, in five premiums of 
$5 each. 
Thorburn & Co., (New York)'$25 worth of 
seeds (flower or vegetable) from our catalogue 
for 1889. This may be offered as one or seve¬ 
ral prizes. 
Chadborn & Cold well M’f’g. Co., (New¬ 
burgh, N. Y ) One 14-inch New Model Lawn- 
Mower. 
Paine, Diehl & Co., (Philadelphia Pa. 
One 7.1£-pint Self-pouring Quadruple, Silver- 
plate Tea-pot, listed at $16.50. 
The White Mountain Freezer Co. One 
four-quart White Mouutain Freezer. 
Bartlett & Dow, (Lowell Mass.) One 
Common-Sense Milk-Pail. 
Brainerd & Armstrong Co. (Philadelphia 
Pa.) Six boxes Assorted Colors Embroidery 
Silk, put up one pound in a box. 
Frank Siddall, (Philadelphia Pa.) One 
box of Frank Siddall’s Soap, freight paid. 
Peter Henderson & Co. (New York.) 
$25 collection 'of plants or a $25-collection 
of seeds to be selected from our 1889 cata¬ 
logue. 
R. & J. Farquiiar & Co. (Boston Mass.) 
$5 worth of seeds (including the newest va¬ 
rieties of sweet-peas, asters, stocks, dianthus, 
etc.) to be selected from our 1889 catalogue. 
Woodason Bellows Works, (Philadel¬ 
phia, Pa.). $80 in powder and spraying bel¬ 
lows, viz., two patent double cone bellows, ex¬ 
tra size; two patent double cone bellows, reg¬ 
ular size; three single cone bellows, large size; 
three single cone bellows, regular size ; two 
spraying bellows, regular size. 
D. Landreth & Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. 
—$10 worth of seeds from their 1889 catalogue. 
The following is from an esteemed 
contemporary, the Buffalo Express. “Three 
sorts ot potatoes were planted, and it looks as 
though the whole thing was intended prim¬ 
arily to advertise these sorts, as they are 
seedlings grown by Mr. Carman, and not, the 
ordinary sorts grown for market. Mr. Gree¬ 
ley’s tomatoes used to cost him $1 apiece and 
Mr. Carman’s potatoes cost more than they 
are worth for eating or feeding. Of course 
if he can sell them at high prices on the 
strength of so large a yield ho may make 
money out of the experiment. ” 
The Editor of the R.N.-Y. has worked for 
12 years to produce new potatoes of more 
value than those in cultivation. We can as¬ 
sure our friendly contempora ,- y that the cost 
of this work has been certainly as much as 
any sum of money he is likely to get from his 
seedlings. But the No. 2 was sold more than 
a year ago and the R.N.-Y. no longer has the 
slightest pecuniary interest in it. Again, we 
propose to send a tuber of this new variety to 
every yearly subscriber of the R.N.-Y. 
that applies for it. And we shall pay the 
postage, pay for the potato, pay for the boxes 
in which they are to be mailed and for the 
wrappers and for addressing them. Suppose 
we had 10,000 applications, the postage alone, 
at four cents each, will cost $400. Suppose 
we send these tubers all over the country and 
that it proves to be an inferior potato. How 
much will the R.N.-Y. suffer by the “adver¬ 
tising” it gets in this way 
Go to work, good agricultural editor of 
the Express and raise some seedling potatoes 
of your own. Work at it as we have done. 
Raise at the rate of over 1,000 bushels to the 
acre. We will publish the account gladly 
enough without one intimation that the plot 
was too small or that, in short, the whole little 
business was the outcome of greediness. Yes, 
we hope that the firm that purchased the 
potato will make money out of it; that even 
the firm that furnished the fertilizer for the 
“Contest” plot will be benefited; that the 
Martha Schofield School.will be helped by the 
$50 of forfeit money aud that, finally, the 
farmers of the country will find the potato 
more valuable than any variety they have 
previously raised. 
The Average Farmhouse Cellar, says 
Henry Stewart, is as daugerous to life as a 
powder magazine under the house. It is too 
often a receptacle for potatoes, cabbages, 
turnips, and other vegetables and fruits, and 
as these are put in without care to avoid 
heating aud decay, they soon become a source 
of danger, if not of disease. All the evapora¬ 
tion from these stores rises through the floors 
and mingles with the air of the house, not 
often sufficiently pure for healthful vitality. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
734 
This should not be permitted. An outdoor 
root-house or a cellar under a barn should be 
provided for these provisions, and this is the 
more imperative as it is usual in the same 
cellar to keep milk and butter aud the animal 
food and bread of the household. Meat is 
particularly susceptible to these poisonous 
exhalations, aud so is milk, and they are thus 
introduced to the stomach and into the blood, 
where they become seeds of disease aud 
death. Those most fatal diseases of children, 
scarlet fever aud diphtheria, are mostly due 
to the unwholesome condition of the cellar, 
by which the atmosphere of the rooms above 
is poisoned. 
Competition in Wheat Production — 
From a very valuable work just published, 
the “British Farmer aud His Competitors,’ 
reviewed by Bradstreet’s, it appears that in 
the 10 years ending with 1880, the wheat area 
of the United States rose from a little under 
19,000,000 acres to nearly 38,000,000 acres— 
that is nearly doubled. In Australia in the 
10 years ending with 1884, there was an in¬ 
crease of 2,000,000 acres of wheat. The wheat 
area of the Bombay Presidency is believed to 
have doubled in 12 years, and the wheat area 
of all India is believed to have increased at 
least one-fourth since 1874, when that country 
began to export wheat on anything like an ex¬ 
tensive scale. Chili has also greatly increased 
her wheat acreage. On the other hand, since 
1877 the wheat area of the United Kingdom 
has decreased by 851,216 acres, or nearly 27 
per cent, and the acreage of all cereals has 
decreased in the same period, by 1,064,235 
acres, which area has been absorbed by an 
increase of permanent pasture, cultivated 
grasses and clover. 
The cost of producing an acre of wheat in 
England is $38.54, and average returns, reck¬ 
oning wheat at the uniform price of 30s., are 
$89.02, being 48 cents profit per acre. In 
northern India, in a district traversed by rail¬ 
ways, the cost of producing a quarter of wheat 
on irrigated and manured lands is 36 cents 
per bushel, and the average yield per acre is 
about nine bushels. The cost of growing an 
acre of wheat in Michigan is about $14.11. 
The United States Department of Agriculture 
makes the average cost of growing an acre of 
wheat in the United States $10.50, which is 
$2 40 more than the average value of the crop 
in 1885. The wheat crop of Amerioa in 1885, 
according to these figures, was grown at a loss 
of $85,000,000 to $170,000,000. 
The cost of wheat production per acre in 
the different States is exceedingly variable, 
being $0.72 to $9.30 in Iowa, $4.80 to $9.30 
in Dakota. The deduction from the reports 
of the different countries is that the world for 
the last four years has been growing wheat at 
a loss. The world’s smaller production in 
1888 has caused an advance of about 30 cents 
per bushel on wheat in the United States and 
a somewhat smaller advance in Europe. 
The average production of wheat in Russia 
is three poods, over eight bushels (of 02 pounds) 
per acre in the black-earth region of 
Russia. The losses of the Russian farmers 
have been greater than those of American 
farmers, and the agricultural depression has 
been more intense than in any other country 
of Europe. 
Canadian Apples In England. —The 
apple crop in Nova Scotia and in Ontario, 
Canada, is stated by Bradstreet’s to be un- 
(Continued on Page 734.) 
For Nervousness 
Use llorslord’s Acid Phosphate. 
Dr. W. C. Hanscome, Minneapolis, Minn., 
says: “I used it in a case of acute rheumatism, 
during convalescence; the particular symp¬ 
toms I wished to relieve were sleeplessness aud 
nervousness, aud the results were all I desired.” 
— Adv. 
MAKE HENS LAY 
S HERIDAN’S CONDITION POWDER is absolute¬ 
ly pure aud highly concentrated. It is strictly 
» medicine to be given with food. Nothing on earth 
will make hens lay like it. It cures chicken chol* 
era and all diseases of hens. Illustrated book by 
mail free. Sold everywhere, or sent by mall for 
26 ots. in stamps. 2X-lb. tin cans, $1; by malL 
$1.20. Six cans by express, prepaid, for $&. ' 
LfeJEfoMoa* O#.. T. O. Box 2118. Boston. lUu 
The poultice which draws out a man’s vir¬ 
tues is the sod that novel’s his grave. If you 
don’t want all your virtues known too soon, 
regulate your regulator with Warner’s Log 
Cabin Sarsaparilla. It makes pure blood 
which gives sound health. Largest bottle in 
market—120 doses for $1. Druggists. 
DCEDI ECO nvcc Are Die BEST. 
rCCIILCww II 5 CO Sold by Dkuuuist*. 
WILLIAMS & CLARK CO’S 
PotatoPhosphate 
Is now the Best Potato Fertilizer on the 
market for the money. The sales of this 
Fertilizer during the Spring of 1888 ex¬ 
ceeded those of the former year over 
FIVE HUNDRED PER CENT. 
The Experiment Stations of the New Eng¬ 
land States give it the highest valuations. 
Send for Circular giving descriptions of 
this and all fertilizers we manufacture. 
COTTON EXCHANGE BUILDING, 
KTESW YORK- 
WHITE & SWEET POTATO DIGGERS. 
The PLANK, JR., Diggers for 1888 have now been proven thoroughly successful in hundreds of fields and 
we have therefore at last obtained our own consent to recommend them to the general public. We guarantee 
them to give satisfaction, except under very unfavorable conditions ; and we assure you that In actual 
operation they will prove superior to any other machine now made. 
S. I.. A LI, KN «fc CO., Patentees and Sole Manufacturers, 
No. 1‘27 Catharine St., Philadelphia. 
BARN FLOOR 
Horse Power 
? * <. 
2 . • 
This j)Ower is easily folded when not in 
X’” ” ^ >* 'IV.II HGl 1 II fc 
use. Just the thing every farmer -- 
c'i 1 L 0 i tl r aH ?i°£ r ‘i t0 she A 1 jiT- an _ ythin J? on ” or tvv<> horses can do. Agents wanted m 3 3- 
bend for Circular and Prices. .SMITH A WOOBAKU, Kalamazoo, Midi. • 
lO Cts. $2.50 
A GARDENING SUP¬ 
PLEMENT TO TEE R U- 
RAL NE W- YORKER. 
The largest, handsomest, most valuable 
gardening magazine is the American Garden 
of New York. Its writers are practical, suc¬ 
cessful gardeners fruit-growers, florists, in¬ 
vestigators, and amateurs, whose experience 
covers all states and countries ; thus it is 
adapted to the ueeds of all sections and con¬ 
ditions. It is not connected with any nursery 
or seedsman’s interest, as are many of the 
so-called horticultural journals. It is firmly 
established, covering 42 years of age, dating 
back to the old Horticulturist of Downing 
and the Gardener's Monthly of Meehan. It 
is finely illustrated. It is valuable to the 
fruit-grower, market gardener, florist, farmer, 
country gentiemau, amateur, to the profes¬ 
sional man aud merchant with small place or 
house lot in country, town or village, to every 
man and woman who loves growing things. 
“CROWN JEWEL” POTATOES. 
Our own crop has yielded this season with 
ordinary cultivation 
Over 400 Bushels to the Acre, 
Also, see “Rural New-Yorker’s notice of them 
in their issue of March 10, 1888. Try them in 
the “ Coutest.” 1 lb. by mail prepaid, 50c.; 3 
lbs., $1.25 ; by express, Peck, $1.00 ; Bushel, 
$3 00; Barrel, $7.00. 
JOHNSON & STOKES, 
217 & 210 Market St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
THE HITCHCOCK 
POTATO DIGGER AND SHOVEL PLOW 
COMBINED. 
EITHER A 
SHOVEL 
PLOW 
OR A 
POTATO 
DIGGER, 
■ BY CHANGING 
ONE BOLT. 
Belcher rf: Taylor Agricultural Tool Co., 
Box 75. Chicopee Falls, Mass, 
DOUBLE 
Breech-Loader 
$6.75 . 
RIFLES S2.25 
PISTOLS 75o 
All Kinds cheaper thau 
elsewhere. Before yo„ 
buy send stamp foi 
Catalogue. Addre*. 
POWELL* CLEMENT. 
1 HO Main Street, 
Cincinnati. Ohio- 
You come the nearest my Weal of a Hortlcultura 
Monthly for popular circulation of any of the makers 
of such literature.—C hAs. W. Garfield, Sec' y Michi 
i/an Horticultural Society. 
Indispensable to the fruit-growers, horticulturists) 
gardeners and florists (both practical and amateur 
of this country.— Cyrus T. Fox, State Fouiologist of 
Pennsylvania. 
For introduction where unknown the maga¬ 
zine will be sent two months for lO 
OXFORD DOWN 8HEEPI 
“ Ellen borough ” Flock makes another importa¬ 
tion necessary this season. Selections of yearling 
Rams aud Ewes have been made by Mr. John Tread¬ 
well, the acknowledged leading breeder, and best 
judge In England. Oxfords are the largest of the 
black faced breeds (rams weigh 425 lbs,), are heaviest 
shearers, and will outlive “free wool.” At the last 
Smtthtleld, London, Fat Stock Show, Oxfords won 
champion priee for best mutton sheep at the show , 
and were considered the best class at the la*t great 
“Royal.” Address F. C. GOLDSBOROUGH, 
Easton, Talbot Co., Maryland. 
Cts. Subscription price, $1.00 a year; 
to be raised on Jan. 1st to $2.00. 
Previous to that date subscriptions received 
at present low rate ($1.00 a year), for one 
year or several years. Two months now for 
10 cts., for introduction. 
I-*?" With Rural New-Yorker, $2.50, if 
sent before Jan. 1st. Address 
E. H. LIBBY, Publisher, 751 Broadway, N. Y. 
KOUOH-COATE1 > COLLIES. 
Pups sired by our best stud dogs, full pedigreed, 
and entitled to registry. Prices Low. Personal 
inspection requested. 
W. ATLEE BUltPEE «fc CIO.. 
Philadelphia. Pa. 
