VOL. XLVII. NO. 2001. 
NEW YORK, JUNE 2, 1888. 
PRICE FIVE CENTS. 
$2.00 PER YEAR. 
^Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1888, by the Rural New-Yorker in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.] 
iiOCIIISrat, 'X. JANUARY;.3, 1850. 
NUMBER. 1. 
MOOItE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
yCISLISHED WEEKLY, 
Office in Bums’ Block, corner of Buffalo and State 
streets, (entrance on State.) Rochester. 
CONDUCTED BY.D. D, T. MOORE. 
[Late Publisher aid Associate Editor Gen. Parmer.) 
Jj. B. LANG WORTHY, Associate Editor.'’ 
Corresponding Editors: 
ELON COMSTOCK, (former Ed. Central N. Y. 
Eamvrr,) of Oneida County. 
T.’ C. PETERS. (Editor of the Wool Grower,) 
of Genesee County. 
Educational Department by L. WETHERELL, 
(O’ For Terms, &e„ Bee last page. J3) 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT 
INTRODUCTORY ADDRESS, 
Fully realizing the responsibility: and 
importance of the position assumed, we send 
forth the initial number of Moore’s Rural 
N rw- Yorker. ’The plan and objects of the 
publication are perhaps sufficiently delinea¬ 
ted in our Prospectus, to which we respect¬ 
fully direct attention, instead of entering upon 
a recapitulation of the same. We should 
prefer to rest solely upon such reference; 
and the appearance and contents of this 
paper—blowing the reader to form an opin¬ 
ion of our enterprise by the V first fruits ” 
thereof, though necessarily gathered in haste; 
and consequently inferior to what we hope 
to present in future numbers. Custom how¬ 
ever enjoins, and the community whom, we 
address may require, a more elaborate state¬ 
ment of our views, and the .cardinal princi¬ 
ples which will guide us in conducting this 
Journal. We shall comply with the supposed 
requisition, succinctly yet as fully a 3 the oc¬ 
casion demands. 
The pages of this Journal are dedicated 
to Progress and Improvement. We use 
the exoression not lightly, but in its fullest 
and broadest acceptation—mentally, morally 
and physically, It does not confine us to 
[narrow limits, but gives ample scope for the 
discussion of all subjects'tending to the me¬ 
lioration of Mankind, and advancement in 
the Arts and Sciences. Our primary object 
is to aid in advancing the Cause 'of Ru¬ 
ral Improvement. Although 1 Agriculture 
and Horticulture are our prominent themes, J 
the departments devoted to Mechanics and 
Science, Education, literature. Ac., are con¬ 
sidered important, and will receive proper 
attention. Under each of these headings we 
hoDe to furnish seasonable and useful, mat- 
toi while.that portion of the paper appro¬ 
priated to General Intelligence will hot be 
[neglected.^ Standing aloof from tire “ plat¬ 
forms” of all parties and sects, we shall fight 
the battles of none. We are not of those 
who hold, or proclaim, that the country will 
be saved or ruined on the temporary success 
or defeat of any political organization. On 
the contrary, w.e believe rtis.always safe and 
necessary to plant corn—f<5r it .will generally 
grow luxuriantly, 'in a proper sori, whatever 
screws may. be loose .in party machinery, 
and be required to sustainlife, wnoever may 
Jtc Governor or Presidenti Our atm is to 
furnish a reliable and unexceptionable Fam- 
jly Pacer, for both Town and Country,_ 
one which shall interest and instruct the 
young, and prove a valuable assistant to 
tlio.se more advanced in years aud.experionce. 
As an'Agricultural. Journal, the -Rural 
A ew-Yorker, will seek to.bencfit .itsreaders 
tmd promote ^improvement, by discussing all 
matters pertaining to the Practice and Isd- 
no perfect? system of husoandry, -unless 
guided and perfected by skill and cultivated 
intellect—and these cannot be acquired 
without troth practice and study, j Ionia- 1 
culture should not oniy precede but accom¬ 
pany the studyand practice of Agriculture 
and all kindred arts. The Physiciarus not 
an adept in the healing art the moment he 
receives his degree, nor the Divine an accom¬ 
plished orator and theologian on. "being or¬ 
dained. They require reading, reflection, 
and practice -to qualify them, for a proper 
dischargeiof their duties. So is it with the 
Agriculturist? and'Artisan, whose pursuits 
arc equally honorable with what are termec 
the .“learned professions” and all important 
to the sustenance and temporal comfort of 
Mankind. They also must study the theory 
and science of their professions, and apply 
the results in the practical details of the 
same. Those who do mot will /retrograde„ 
while their more shrewd and enteiprising 
neighbors,—men who r believe knowledge 
received from a hook or paper as valuable 
as that obtained in a verbal communication 
.—are advancing, and acquiring both wealth 
and wisdom. Pecuniarily the owners anc 
cultivators of the soil arevthemost.independ- 
entv and far the most numerous class in 
America;—they ought to furnish the great¬ 
est amount of cultivated intellect, andwielc 
the mostopowerftd influence. The Fanners 
of New /York are members of ilia most 
honorable and useful profession on earth, 
and occupy ( the very apex of positions for 
the investigation and study of the Hatura 
and Physical Sciences. And yet what is 
the trutk? Who are our leading men and 
guides, law-makers and rulers ? What is 
the reputation of our Rural Population for 
general intelligence, and a knowledge of 
their profession and kindred affairs, even In 
this age of almost’ miraculous inventions 
and improvements? We fear that a cor¬ 
rect answer to these questions would justly 
reproach, those who honestly consider them¬ 
selves “ not wanting.” 
Rut the clouds thathaye so long obscured! 
the horizon of the husbandman, Are break- 
ingraway—the skies are brightening. The 
spirit which animates our people, indicates 
an earnest desire for progress in all useful 
avocations and sciences. The motto of the 
age. and of all professions Is “Onward and 
upward”—so, likewise, should he that of 
individuals. It is the bounden duty of 
American Fanners, especially, to adopt 
every improvement within their reach 
duty which they owe alike fa themselves 
and their posterity. Tfje responsibility that 
rests upon our Rural Population is one of 
great magnitude,. from which none i can 
sin-ink blamelessly. Its "importance, how¬ 
ever, is realized by thousands of farmers 
throughout the Union, who are lending their 
influence in favor of all judicious efforts for 
the elevation of the mind and the improve' 
ment of the soil. The Cause is advocated 
and sustained 'by the best minds in the land 
— a. host of well imformed and earnest 
laborers. Agricultural Associations are do¬ 
ing much fo introduce improvement in all 
branches of Rural and Mechanical Indus¬ 
try That potent and well directed power, 
the Agricultural Press, is also accomplish? 
ing a great ana glorious work -in dissemina¬ 
ting light and truth timmghout the land, 
and banishing ignorance and prejudice to 
the confines of civilization!, 
To aid in tins good 'work will he our 
earnest and constant endeavor. The Rural 
New-Yorker is not designed, to compete 
with any of the excellent agricultural month¬ 
lies, but to supply a desidoratumin the Rural 
Literature of Hew York. 
b7rtf m T 1IuEbandry - ' rfiere can I Presented to* the Agriculture ^ 
* little real, improvement of the soil, and!Through its pages wo hope to contribute 
QM irute in . tie’right direction,- and thus 
render, appropriate 'and valuable assistance 
In advancing, tile car of Improvements To 
this .end, whatever ability and industry-the 
•writer rmay possess will he 'brought, into 
.requisition, and 1 cheerfullybestawcek Chir 
associates are. all gentlemen; affability'— 
distinguished-for practical and scientific 
knowledge, anil extensive observation., and 
experience.' Mr.. lANawoRTHryrwha wil 
aid. us 'in the ! general 'surremsioil _ of. the? 
paper, is a ready; and! capable writer on all 
matters nonnested with Agiicitita^riHot 
ticiiltuve,’and fkd Mechanic*. Aria'—anc. 
possesses a ’fund., of /information' oil . each 
subject,' He has. writtenmuch and ably on 
Agriculture, and similar topics, during the 
past twenty years. Messrs. Comstock anc. 
Peters are" likewise’able i writers, and so 
favorably known as to require neither com¬ 
mendation nor rintioduction;, fs Corress 
ponding/Editors they* will add'greatly to 
th'elmterest. and value of outages. .Mi*. 
Wntherell, who takes charge of the Edur 
catioual Department, has long'been 1 con¬ 
nected with'the Rochester Collegiate-Insti¬ 
tute, and is 'a. capable and.instructive 
writers' Ilis department’is an. important, 
one, ancLwe, think will be'rendered inter-' 
esting and:valuable,'. With ’ the .direct diet 
of these" gentlemen,' and an.'efficient corps 
of Contributors and Correspondents,.' wc 
hope to accomplish all the objects contem¬ 
plated ini tho. fittablislimcnt of ihis journal. 
With this, brief exposition we present the 
Rural Hew-Yorker. fot. examination and 
Support. We believe thnlpsuch a work as 
we intend, to furnish, isrequirefl, and will be 
sustained by the. reading and tliinking por¬ 
tions of community;' Indeed, the" substan¬ 
tial encouragement already, received from 
various; sections of the State, proves.itbat 
our'enterprise, is. neither premature’ norvis-' 
ionary. But 8S.we depend almost , entirely 
upon) its.subscription, listnllwho approve 
of *the,.paper, are. eamestlyinvitcd^to lend 
their.influence in,^tsibehalf This appeal, 
is;made.-with^gteatironfi'dence^ia.the zeal 
and generosity. of'those addressed—and 
an assurance that any.assistance.whiclimay. 
be rendereef fo enhance the usefulness of 
our piiblicafion; Cither in contributions to its 
pages or additions.^)' its circulation,’.will be 
particularly acceptable.and most gratefully' 
acknowlcilged! D.'D.' T. MQQRE. 
WHEAT DRILLS.—THE DRILLING SYSTEM"., 
.The introduction of drilling 'in wheat 
originated in England* wbere "the rotation 
of 'crops, and the process ofmaking wheat, 
is entirely, different? froirnwhat it ia in this 
country: ’There they" -depend upon conn- 
posts, antlfhe manure .of sheep fromfeeding 
off the turnip crop, and to keep their Helds 
clean.resorted to drilling andhoe dressing 
in thespring, to keep down Ihe weeds; which 
-they are enabled to do from the . extreme 
cheapness of lab oil 
In Ibis country, /hat process' cannot 'bo. 
tolerated, as mo" good farmer, ever’ raises 
wheat without-grass seeding) and, hoeing 
would be fated to timothy and", clover, and 
ihe exti-a expense puts-ifc-entirelyout office 
questiori. i ' And.yet/rom all the observations 
wohave made; 'and fronrall Ihejttfonnation 
we can derive, 1 .from those', who^bave kept 
their eyes on the operationyand from those 
who have used the-process ofih'illingvwe are 
convinced that'it is coniing'into favor gener¬ 
ally; wherever introduced.. 
These machines are made to plant 'the 
grain.in drills ninemches apart* which' many 
persons are disposed, to think too great a 
distancuj.md^oinfthave suggestetithatitiis 
same need sown athalf fha flisfanug wonlJ 
! RJ-prderable, ua mtilleting imtyh would 
not be so crowded, ..This, may he true; and 
elevation for a 1 farm or suburban cottage 
illliral ifoljlMirf. 
ORIGINAL FLAN OF A FARM HOUSE, 
Pjceis forFarm.Houses are very generally 
given .with an almost plain exterior, and in 
ihe descriptions it is stated that > persons 
building, can ornament to their ^own taste. 
Wo mow present: the above highly orna¬ 
mented plan, deeming it. much easier to cur- 
’" [2 ~>etcrij)iion.' —T, Parlor, S, 
Sitting and Dining Room} B, 
Bed Rooms; K, Kitchen; C, 
Closet oY Pantry"; W, Wash 
Room; WJI, Wcod Houser, 
small s, Stoves.] . 
The parlor and sitting 
room arc each 14 by 18 
feck inside measure; the 
bed rpoms "attached are 
each 10 feet square ; the 
kitchen,; II feed square) 
the pantry G by, 8; wash 
room 6 feet square : the 
wood house about 14 by - 
1G; flic hall 6 feet wide; 
the stairs 3 or .Sj^n-S de¬ 
sired; The room in the 
second stray, over the sit- 
ting room, couTdbfi divid¬ 
ed by a partition running 
through its center, length¬ 
wise of the house/, mak¬ 
ing two large sized bed 
rooms;,. The other grooms over "the (parlor 
might iremiuii the same, or be divided to 
suit convenience; The stairs could be pla¬ 
ced so as to ascend from the ball, or through 
a door in the kitchen; placed between the. 
kitchen hall*door and the kitchen sitting 
room door. 
In the sifting room; a recess for a'bed 
might be placed under the stairs. We Halter 
ourselves that w.e have hit upon the planthat 
tail the ornaments to suit one’s fancy or 
.abilities, than it is for the generality of peo¬ 
ple, unused to drawing, to imagine and add, 
as in reality they would themselves desire! 
But it is to the plan of the interior that wo 
invite particular attention, believing that ."it 
offers all of the conveniences for anT ordi¬ 
nary family—and if we consult the good 
housewife, she will concur in our opinion that 
there, is nothing superficial. 
GROUND PLAN. 
all lovers of convenience mill knowhow la 
appreciate,inhaving the passage to the cellar 
descend tiom the pantry; also in havtoglhd 
well and cistern pumps in the wash room, 
The cost will vary from SCOO to $800, 
according to style of finish, cost of materials; 
&c.« and is therefore within the. means of . a! 
least two "thirds of. the Farmers of Western 
Haw York X II. Wyckoeu 
Xodij A1'YY‘1S49, 
could be easily iricd/ ( by^ passing back on 
:he breadthsowni/and carefully splitting the 
KQWSj juid Is an experiment! wosth. testing. 
Among the advantages claimed; and which 
seem." to h.e admitted by .those who have. 
- riedidrilling, 3s that it; saves fully one-third 
.of the seed— one bushel producing a greater 
return than abusliel and a half sawn broad 
cast—as every kcrneliafairly covered and. at 
the right depth; ;.' How the saving ,of fifty 
bushels of seed to every 100 acres of wheat 
is an important item, and as every man A 
jwomait and child consume on an average, 
a barrel of flour annually, the saving of seed 
will nearly bread the whole wheat growing 
community.' In. drilling, the seed being 
dropped, deeply,- end at a, uniform deptii, 
it stands the) winter.’Rafter; and is not ns 
{likely to ha. thrown ouS "by spring jrosis, 
ns tliose plants wtezsjbolc and roots are on 
the surface, or very near-it, are thus affected. 
Jt is also claimed, that? drilled, wheat is 
not as liable to rust—baying a freer circular 
fion of air—and even docs not produce as 
much chess,; the roots not being as mucli 
exposed to frosts; on the principle thatwheaij 
floes turn to cliess—amuchmooted poihfij 
which we shall leave the rival factions i to 
settle. 
There are in tins' region some fou r or five 
machines for' tins purpose, which originated 
her.e> (and all apparently perform wtell; and 
yet there is .a best one, but which, can only 
be determined by-use and comparison.— 
Simplicity of action anu durability of mate¬ 
rials is the "great desideratum to be acheiv- 
ed, by all inventors of farming implements, 
The , Weather.—«W e -have had. htr 
sleighing in this section, since a week before 
•Christmas..., Snow about 8' inches deep—' 
temperature, steady-y Thermometer from 
/rearing ,1a'I below,—Business brisk, "in 
batii city and country^ 
Fac-simile (reduced) of the First Page of the First Number oi Moore’s Rural New-Yorker, issued in 1850. 
