44S 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
JULY 7 
largest sorts, thinking that the greater amount 
of fodder they get per acre the more valuable 
the crop. If they will henceforth drop these 
big sorts and substitute the sweet kinds of a 
more moderate size, they will find the corn 
still more valuable for the support of their 
dairy cows and their yield of milk. 
It is astonishing that this super excellent 
summer fodder—yes, and winter also,—has 
hitherto been so neglected by our farmers; 
and even now it is not cultivated anything 
like as extensively as it ought to be. The con¬ 
sumption of it is almost entirely devoted to 
cattle, whereas it should be extended bounti¬ 
fully to horses, sheep, and swine. These last 
would eat it as greedily as they now do the 
best of clover and hay, if the dwarf sorts 
were grown for them, whether green in sum¬ 
mer or cured for winter. There is one thing 
in favor of it over hay, and that is, that if 
properly shocked it can stand out exposed to 
the worst winter weather with trifling injury 
to its quality. This makes a great saving of 
barn or shed storage. A. b. allen. 
A HANDY TABLE. 
A handy table or stand, like that shown at 
Fig. 243, can be constructed as follows: Take 
three 10-inch boards six or eight feet long; 
fasten two sets of cleats on the under-side 
from 12 to 16 inches from each end; the cleats 
to be two inches apart. The legs should be 
V 
Fig. 243. 
made 2x4, 30 inches long and to them should 
be fastened two four-inch strips, 45 inches 
long, to cross each other. The bed of the 
table is to be set on the legs at the cleats. The 
whole thing may be put together with bolts 
and taken apart and packed in a small bun ¬ 
dle for transportation on excursions. G. r. 
Sauk. Co., Wis. 
DEVICE FOR FASTENING A PAIL. 
A friend sends us a drawing illustrating 
her method of fastening a pail from which a 
calf is to drink. This 
is shown at Fig. 244. 
Three stout sticks are 
driven into the ground 
and the pail is placed 
inside them. Simple 
enough and yet sim¬ 
plicity is a virtue of many successful devices. 
MILK PAIL COVER. 
Another friend sends us a drawing of the 
device he uses to keep the dirt from falling 
into the pail while he is milking. A large 
piece of card-board is cut to the shape shown 
at Fig. 245. This piece is large enough to 
lap one inch over the edge of the pail; the 
Fig. 244. 
dotted line shows where the edge of the pail 
comes. Little ear-holes are cut in the sides 
of the cover to fit around the handles. A piece 
five inches wide and three inches deep is cut 
out in front to milk through. The milker 
puts the cover on the pail and milks into the 
pail through this large opening. 
£U*lumniltuvfll. 
AILANTHUS TREES. 
For certain positions there is no better or 
more attractive shade tree than the ailanthus. 
Its rapid growth and tropical-looking foliage 
render it particularly well adapted for streets. 
It is not a long-lived tree, and should be plant¬ 
ed alternately with other varieties of slower 
growth that will fill the space it occupies after 
it has gone. As a tree for fuel or lumber it 
cannot be recommended. It does not branch 
sufficiently to make its cultivation for the 
former profitable, although there is no better 
wood than it for the open fire-place, as it does 
not snap, and although it is fine-grained, and 
takes a good polish, it warps and springs so 
readily as to unfit it for use as timber. 
I am told that occasionally an ailanthus 
tree is found that bears both flowers and seeds, 
but I have never seen one so far as I know. 
The staminate and pistillate trees are usually 
distinct. The staminate should be abolished 
at once and for ever. The pollen from the 
flowers is offensive and poisonous, and trees of 
this kind should not be permitted to grow, as 
they are entirely unnecessary. Much as I 
admire the beauty of the ailanthus, had I the 
power I would have every staminate tree at 
once destroyed and the propagation of more 
made a misdemeanor. The trees are readily 
—too readily—grown from seed, but never 
should be. They should be propagated by 
root cuttings, taken from pistillate trees. 
Those from a quarter to half an inch in diame¬ 
ter, two or three inches long, planted so that 
the upper end will be just below the surface 
of the ground, grow rapidly, and will be true 
pistillates, and he who raises any other 
should be punished. L. A. R. 
Various, 
THE MODEL TOWNSHIP IN INDIANA. 
In my neighborhood there is a remarkable 
township in which the land-workers have 
improved their mode of living to such a 
degree that it is the nearest to a perfect 
mode of human life in every respect. That 
other men in our country may profit by it, I 
will give to the readers of the R. N.-Y. a 
general description of it for imitation. 
THE SCHOOL 
is a model of perfection. The farmers and 
all residents there support it by equal contri¬ 
butions in forming an educational and 
literary society. Religion is strictly excluded, 
and members of all denominations, and no de¬ 
nomination have no quarrel. Catholics, Pro¬ 
testants, etc., teach all the religion they 
want in their proper churches on Saturdays 
and Sundays, when this school of the people 
is closed. There is a large school room, and 
adjoining it a very comfortable library for 
the use of all the children and members, open 
till nine o’clock at night every day in the 
week—Sunday not excepted. Adjoining this 
library is the dwelling of the teacher with 
his family and a lady assistant. They take 
charge of every thing every day of the year. 
These buildings are in a five-acre lot, which 
is cultivated in a scientific gardener’s manner; 
two acres are in orchard, two in vegetable 
garden and one in ornamental and useful 
shrubs , trees and flowers. 
For 10 months in the year school is open; one 
month is the winter vacation and one month 
the summer vacation, both in the coldest and 
hottest seasons. Teaching is done in the school¬ 
room two hours iu the morning and two in the 
evening and two hours in the garden between 
the first and last school lessons. School begins 
at 8 a. M and closes at 10 a. m. , garden work 
and lessons from 10 to 12 a. m. Dinner at school, 
and recreation from 12 to 2 p. M. School 
lessons from 2 until 4 P. M., at which time all 
the children go home. The children bring 
their dinners along, but it is contemplated to 
set in future a common dinner for all in a 
very plain manner. In winter time when no 
garden work can be done, the pupils are in¬ 
structed in manual labor or hand-work, draw¬ 
ing, cutting garments, sewing etc., etc., and 
wood working. 
OUT-DOOR INSTRUCTION. 
The benefit of the crop goes to the teacher’s 
household. In the garden they all, girls and 
boys, learn to propagate plants and trees— 
budding, grafting and under glass propaga¬ 
tion; also to cultivate the finest vegetables 
and keep the fruit trees in a fine condition. 
The orchard is in grass and it is cut repeat¬ 
edly to be kept short and clean, the grass be¬ 
ing fed to the horses and cattle. The dropped 
fruit is carefully raked together and destroyed 
to kill all the insects. Plums of the finest Eu¬ 
ropean kinds grow there and ripen to perfec¬ 
tion. The teachers have been there three 
years. They speak German. English and Ger¬ 
man are the two languages taught. The other 
studies are arithmetic, geometry and natural 
history and sciences, physics, chemistry, ana¬ 
tomy and physiology of plants. 
THE LIBRARY, ETC. 
In the library are kept, as a rule, all the 
newest works and publications in natural 
sciences, and their periodicals in English and 
German. Older works are not kept, for the 
reason that the young and old people want to 
be instructed in the progress of natural scien¬ 
ces and art. The readers of the R. N.-Y. 
have no idea what perfect men issue from this 
school.yes, and perfect women, too, both being 
skillful in all the arts suitable for acquiring a 
livelihood and highly intellectual in scientific 
accomplishments with no shadow of cranki¬ 
ness. Here the teacher is loved and also his 
assistant, a daughter of a farmer. He has a 
permanent occupation and place. There is 
not a continual change of teachers ; they 
have nothing to do with the State or county ; 
every inhabitant is a member of this associa¬ 
tion in this township. They have their own 
trustees and rule themselves. A better school 
I never found in any country—either in Ger¬ 
many, France, England or America. 
PROJECTS FOR THE FUTURE. 
The people in this township contemplate 
to have not only a school of their own in com¬ 
mon without any cranky State superintend¬ 
ence, but they think of having also their 
agricultural machines in common. While their 
steam thrashers, etc., etc., are now standing 
idle the most of the time, they intend to make 
this power useful for themselves all the time. 
They think of building some plain shops for 
running wood-working machines, also some 
sewing machines in order to make not only 
the clothes they use for man and woman, 
but also to work all the wood-work for build¬ 
ing—the surplus they intend to sell. 
This will make the township perfectly inde¬ 
pendent, give their children work in the win¬ 
ter time in their shops, while in summer they 
work in garden and field. 
A happy people, independent of the strikers 
in the cities, having every pleasure, and more 
in nature than man can find in our largest 
cities! In their library, their literary meet¬ 
ings and discussions, in their rural festivities 
and festivals they find every thing that a 
New York or a Chicago could give them; 
for the concert and the theatre are often 
enjoyed owing to the efforts of skillful ama¬ 
teurs. L. F. 
GARDEN, FARM AND STOCK NOTES. 
I had supposed with the Rural, page 402 
current volume, that the period of the blos¬ 
soming of potatoes was, to some extent, a 
measure of the earliness of the variety. But 
I find the Irish Cups and the Scotch Magnum 
Bonums, both imported, are only a day or 
two apart in the development of the blossoms 
from the Early Ohio, “native here and to the 
manner born,” and the Late Rose, from Pem¬ 
bina. Possibly the stimulants of a very fer¬ 
tile soil and an ardent climate may hasten 
the maturity of the foreigners, and I look 
with interest for the result. Ordinarily the 
Early Ohio in this latitude is mature, or near¬ 
ly so, the first week in July, and the Late 
Rose two weeks later; but this year, these 
dates of the ripening of both will be deferred 
a week or ten days. 
The sudden advanae of two cents a pound, 
live weight, in the price of ripe export and 
first class steers, has produced a profound sen¬ 
sation among stockmen in Central Illinois 
and in the corn and cattle counties all through 
the West. Think of it! $25 to $35 a head 
added to the market value of steers within 
two weeks, with the reasonable probability 
that the advance will be sustained, or at least 
something near it. Of course, thin cattle have 
shared only measurably in the boom, but 
there has been advance enough to restore con¬ 
fidence in the future of cattle feeding. 
When one remembers the extent and sever¬ 
ity of the droughts of ’86 and ’87, the short¬ 
ness of the corn, grass and hay crops, that 
kept the price of the first in the feeding coun¬ 
ties at 50 cents and above, hay at $12, and 
pasturage so short that two prices had to be 
paid for it, the advance of ripe No. 1 steers 
to six and one-half and seven cents per pound 
on the hoof, might have been anticipated, and 
if the signs in the agricultural heavens are to 
be interpreted as formerly, we may reason¬ 
ably look for a boom in the price of the cereals 
of a corresponding magnitude. In the past, 
it has been an almost sure thing that a bad 
corn year has followed a severe and protract¬ 
ed drought; and the present (June 15) condi¬ 
tion of the corn crop in the surplus States, 
is indicative of a parcial failure. b. f. j. 
Referring to the first paragraph above, we 
anay say that this season some of our latest 
potatoes bloom before the earliest.—E ds. 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to Insure attention. Before 
asking a question, please see if It Is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few questions at 
one time. Put questions on a separate piece of paper. 
STIFLE LAMENESS; SPRAINED ANKLE; CHRON¬ 
IC COUGH. 
.7. L. B., North Rochester , Mass. —1. About 
18 months ago my mare slipped in her stall 
and lamed herself. I could detect no swelling, 
heat or tenderness, and was at a loss where t 
to locate the trouble. I asked numbers of 
persons and they were about equally divided 
as to its being in her ankle, hock, stifle or hip. 
I continued to bathe her with liniment, but as 
I would lose faith in one locality I frequently 
changed to another, so that she received no 
permanent benefit. Last fall I consulted a 
veterinary surgeon, and he said it was “at the 
stifle,” and blistered her. I took her shoes off, 
withheld grain, and she stood in the stable 
until spring. She was better, yet not well, 
and the surgeon told me to put her to work 
and perhaps it would harden up. I have done 
all my farm work with her, and as soon as I 
put her to work the lameness was as bad as 
ever; but it has never been very bad. Last 
week l drove her to the village, 10 miles away, 
with no ill effects except a little soreness next 
day. Two days ago 1 drove her to the city, 13 
miles away. On the last half of the return 
trip she was loth to trot. When I stopped at 
home her flank and thigh were all of a tremble, 
and after putting her in the stable she held 
that leg out and up from the floor, and seemed 
to suffer considerable pair; she would not eat, 
and pawed all the first half of the night. This 
was worse than I ever saw her, and was the 
first time I could decide to my own satisfac¬ 
tion where the trouble was. She flinched on 
pressure at the stifle; there were also heat and 
swelling. I cannot decide whether it was due 
to the driving, or because she had stepped on 
an uueven place. Is there any hope of a cure 
at this late day? 2. Another horse sprained 
his ankle in going up hill with a load of logs. 
He has done no work smce. He has stood in 
the stable or been out to grass for two months, 
His ankle is hot and swollen hard. At first he 
would bear his weight on that leg only when 
positively obliged to. He is now somewhat 
better, yet very lame. 3. Another horse has 
a hacking cough which I fear may run into 
heaves; can I do anything for her? 
Ans.— 1. Put on a high-heeled shoe and fasten 
a cold-water bandage over the joint until the 
heat and tenderness are reduced. Then blis¬ 
ter quite severely, and repeat in six weeks or 
as soon as the effects of one blister have passed 
off. Several blisters and a long period of rest 
will probably be necessary. A more decided 
effect might be produced by firing in points, 
but you should employ a competent veterina¬ 
ry surgeon to do the firing. The stifle is one 
of the worst places for joint disease; and a case 
of such long standing cannot always be cured, 
but relief can be expected if properly treated 
so that the animal may yet be very useful if 
used with care. Long drives or severe haul¬ 
ing should be avoided for some time after 
recovery. 2. Keep constantly applied a wet 
bandage until the heat and swelling are re¬ 
duced. Then bathe once a week with an ac¬ 
tive liniment, as equal parts of aqua ammo¬ 
nia and linseed oil, and one-fourth part oil of 
turpentine. If the surface becomes blistered, 
withhold the liniment until healed. 3. See 
treatment for chronic cough in back numbers 
of the Rural: May 2(5, 1888 and Oct. 29, 1887. 
SYMPTOMS OF GLANDERS AND FARCY. 
77. B. S., Paulina, Oregon .—What are the 
characteristic symptoms of glanders, and how 
long will a horse live after the appearance of 
the first symptoms. 
Ans. —Glanders and farcy are different 
forms of what is substantially the same dis¬ 
ease. Each has an acute and chronic form. 
The symptoms of acute glanders are languor, 
dry, staring coat, red, weeping eyes, impaired 
appetite, accelerated pulse and breathing, 
yellowish-red or purple streaks or patches in 
the nose, watery nasal discharge, with some¬ 
times painful dropsical swellings of the knees 
or joints. Soon the nasal discharge becomes 
yellow and sticky, causing the hairs and 
skin of the nostrils to adhere together, and 
upon the mucous membrane appear yellow 
elevations with red spots, passing into ero¬ 
sions and deep ulcers of irregular form and 
varied color, and with little or no tendency to 
heal. The lymphatic glands behind the lower 
jaw where the pulse is felt, become enlarged 
