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THE RURAL «EW-Y©RKIR. 
486 
export of butter, which five years ago amount¬ 
ed to about 80,000 to 90,000 barrels, has now 
nearly doubled. This large increase is attri¬ 
buted to the cooperative dairy system, now 
working so successfully. The rearing of farm 
stock has now become one of the chief sources 
cf wealth. _ 
THE RURAL’S LUNCH. 
Du. Hoskins speaks highly of two har¬ 
rows, and he frankly confesses, in “Our County 
Home,” that he is paid to do so—by the har¬ 
rows themselves. They are the Smoothing 
and the Acme. 
Col. Curtis mentions Cleanliness and 
Sweetness as two good friends of the dairyman. 
A late London Garden says that the hybrid 
white Rosa rugosa, named Mad. Georges Bru- 
ant, is semi-double and white in color. The 
expanded flowers are not so pretty as those of 
the parent. It is doubtful if the variety will 
attain very wide popularity. 
The Garden says that the new rose Gloire 
de Margottin is a Hybrid Perpetual, is of a 
brilliant red color, most attractive in its half- 
expanded state. A specimen of this was sent 
to the Rural Grounds by J. A. DeVeer a month 
ago, too late, it is feared, to recover from the 
effects of late transplanting. 
The N. Y. World, on its agricultural page, 
says that in Michigan the Diehl-Mediterra¬ 
nean wheat is highly valued—no smut or rust 
—very plump and hard. Missouri also reports 
favorably as to the above variety. The N. Y. 
Ex. Station reports the Diehl-Mediterranean 
is well adapted to the climate. Martin’s Am¬ 
ber (Landreth) is first-class... 
Benedict, the agricultural editor of the N. 
Y. Weekly World, says that Dr. Lawes, Dr. 
Hexamer, Dr. Stewart, Prof. Goessmann and 
the R. N.-Y are all convinced of the efficacy 
of special commercial fertilizers for the potato. 
The Breeder’s Gazette remarks that it is a 
pleasant reflection for the breeder of improv¬ 
ed cattle that he is engaged in a business that 
cannot be, to any considerable extent, over¬ 
done, and that the growing requirements of 
the country will constantly outrun his efforts. 
“Care, foresight, good management are 
what we need, rather than poor, deformed, 
harmless heads.”. 
Cut the corn for the silo as soon as the ker¬ 
nels begin to glaze. 
It is claimed that the Japan buckwheat is 
entirely distinct from all other varieties. The 
N. Y. World, of June 20, presents a sketch of 
this variety and recommends its trial whether 
for milling or for bees. 
Mr. Olcott says, in the Courant, that the 
old and often foolish way of excessive hilling 
or ridging field crops, baditsorgin and utility 
in wet lands, and is nearly or quite gone out 
of fashion where the soil is dry. That is true; 
but it was not true 10 years ago. 
Plant fodder corn still; use Ne Plus Ultra, 
Moore’s Concord or evergreen for seed. Use 
not over a peck of seed to the acre if you 
would get the greatest nutritive value. 
We are pleased to see the bright, life-like 
face of J. H. Hale, of South Glastonbury, 
Conn., in the Farm Journal for this month. 
It is a first-rate portrait. 
With a pretty large experience in cattle 
growing, pedigree stock, and the grazing and 
feeding of steers for Eastern markets, and 
a very wide observation of the growth 
and business management of these industries. 
Judge Jones says, in the Breeder’s Gazette, 
that he can hardly be mistaken in saying 
that the scheme of concentrating all the 
marketing and slaughtering of live stock in a 
few of the great cities of the country must 
prove seriously detrimental to the general 
welfare. 
J osiah Hoopes says, in the N. Y. Tribune, 
that all specimens of evergreens (without re¬ 
gard to species) should have an annual shear¬ 
ing, and midsummer is preferable for it. By 
this process the most unruly plant may be 
brought into subjection, and each may be in¬ 
duced to form a beautiful conical outline. 
The formal appearance will disappear with 
age, as soon as the shearing is discontinued, 
which may be when the tree becomes too high 
for the work without the aid of a step-ladder. 
An old specimen which had been thus treated 
in its younger years is far superior to one al¬ 
lowed to grow at will. 
We agree with Mr. Hoopes, who in such 
matters is one of our best authorities, as to the 
main point, but we should prefer early spring 
for doing the work of cutting back. 
Prof. Henry, of Wisconsin, has found that 
a cow can be fed for 17 cents per day in that 
State, while the income from the butter made 
varied from 34 to 50 cents per day. This is 
certainly an extreme instance as regards the 
income, for 99 out of 100 dairymon seldom re¬ 
alize more than 17 cents per day from their 
best cows except for a few weeks at the begin 
uing of tbo season....... . 
Henry Stewart’s cows in Macon Co , N. C., 
cost no more than eight cents a day for their 
feed, making a liberal allowance for cost of 
pasture, and with one pound of butter per 
day worth 25 cents, the profit is 17 cents per 
day. This instance may be repeated a thous¬ 
and times, when that of Prof Henry’s case 
cannot be ten times. But even in such favor¬ 
able cases it will pay to test the cows and dis¬ 
card all those which are not found profitable.. 
The Connecticut Parmer takes very kindly 
to the Brooklyn idea on dogs. If every dog 
owner was compelled to give $1,000 bonds as 
security for the good behavior of his brute, it 
would leave at least as many dogs in the 
State as there is any possible use for, and there 
would be a great many more sheep. 
Cvcnjw!) n*c. 
RURAL SPECIAL REPORTS. 
ABSTRACTS. 
Farm Journal: “If the hogs are not out 
to grass get them out as soon as possible and 
so save grain and hogs. . . . Over-sour 
cream will make poor butter. Ther6isagreat 
waste in churning cream fresh skimmed. . . 
The best of butter can only be made by 
washing out the buttermilk. The butter 
should be in a granulated form to do this. . 
. A New York State swine breeder has 
been telling the people how to fatten pork It an. 
Grass and clover are the foundations. . . . 
The high price of potatoes last year has led to 
the planting of a greatly increased acreage. 
With a favorable season the crop will be im¬ 
mense. And then the editors are growing 
potatoes this year! Mr. Minch of the Mail and 
Expres has a little patch of 60 acres, more or 
less, sure to average 300 bushels per acre, and 
Mr. Carman of th Rural New-Yorker is 
doing his level best to trow 700 bushels per 
acre and secure $50 for charitable purposes. 
. . Well laid cement makes a pig-pen 
floor that defies the sturdiest snout.”- 
Albany (N. Y.)Post: “Sparrows were selling 
in this city yesterday at one dollar per hun¬ 
dred; last week fifty cents a hundred. Spar¬ 
row pie and sparrow on toast are gradually 
becoming a luxury.”-Orchard and Gar¬ 
den: “Where is my wandering boy to-night?” 
May be in somebody else’s strawberry 7 patch, 
to help himself to the fruit which you failed 
to provide for him.”-Florida Dispatch: 
“Statistics show that out of 2,000 convicts in 
our prisons who have been questioned, only 
twelve had pet animals in their childhood.” 
-N. Y. Tribune: “As fair warning 
against indulgence in ill afforded luxury, Josh 
Billings said: ‘It iz but a step forar from 
hoecaik to plum-puddin’, but it iz a mile and 
a halt by the nearest road when we have to go 
back again.’ ”-Hartford (Conn.) Gazette: 
“Taking it altogether, tobacco setting is a 
very discouraging l usioess, especially in a 
dry time. With a hundred dollars’ w rth of 
manure, ten dollars’ worth of plants, and fifty 
barrels of water to the acre, and te cents a 
pound as the income, we don’t wonder that 
men's backs, and hearts ache too. The whole 
business is demoralizing.”-Prof. A. J. 
Cook in the Weekly Press; “It is certainly 
true that the female chick has at the time of 
hatching all the eggs in her ovaries that she 
ever will have, but all are yet immature. This 
is true of all animals, even to the highest. 
The eggs are all present in the ovaries at 
birth, but are immature till near the time 
when they shall break forth from their folli¬ 
cles. Thus till after the ovaries become func¬ 
tionally active all the eggs remain undevelop 
ed, after which time they ripen periodically as 
they are about to pass from the ovaries.”- 
Farming World: “You listless, pale-faced, 
fragile thing of a girl, throw off your mock 
delicacy, put on gloves, if you will, but work 
in the garden till your cheeks will vie in c olor 
with the blush of the rose you cultivate.”- 
Our Country Home: “ A mixed sowing of 
peas and oats, which make an excellent feed¬ 
ing material, may be made any time this 
month, on any piece of land available for the 
purpose, 'i he ground ought to be well-plowed 
and harrowed. Sow about three bushels of 
seed to the acre, half and half, and cover with 
an Acme harrow.”-Havana Journal: “A 
b .shel of corn makes four gallons of whisky. 
It sells for $16 at retail. The government 
gets $4 60, the farmer 40 cents, the railroad $1 
the manufacturer $3, the vender $7, and the 
drinker all that is left—delirium tremens.” 
Garden and Forest: “There is nothing more 
beautiful in itself, and nothing which gives 
so marked an impression of size, unity and 
usefulness to a place as a wide sweep of lawn. 
In the major tv of cases it is better worth 
striving f r than anything else; and it should 
be jealously preserved from the presence of 
any accessories except those which may serve 
to enhance its proper character and increase 
its apparent size. It may be surrounded with 
trees and shrubs, a d, if it is of considerable 
size, a few isolate.) specimens may be brought 
forward from such bordering plantations. 
But a lawn must be very large to admit of 
any other decoration.”- 
Alabama. 
Guntersville, Marshall Co , June 25.— 
This is the Tennessee Valley of Northern 
Alabama. The principal field products of the 
section are oats, rye, corn, sorghum cane, 
potatoes, tobacco, cotton, pea nuts, peas, cab¬ 
bages, beans, turnips, grasses and all kinds 
of garden vegetables. The fruits produced 
here are chiefly apples, pears, grapes, peaches, 
plums, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, 
etc. The great forest of valuable timbers in 
this valley has scarcely been touched. Along 
the slopes and ridges trees grow in stately 
grandeur: magnificent specimens of oak, 
hickory, maple, ash, beach, walnut, cherry, 
white ash and sycamore—all in sufficient 
quantities to warran t sueceessful saw-milling. 
The oak, hickory and ash are of the finest 
grain such as wagon makers prefer. The 
mean temperature in summer is 74 and in 
winter 43 degrees. Taking Marshall County 
as an illustration, the white population ac¬ 
cording to the census of 1850, is 13,900, and col¬ 
ored 1,000. In this county, the total area is 
330,000 acres, of which only 70,000 are in cul¬ 
tivation, 260,000 being in primeval forest. 
Of this land a little less than half is valley 
bordering on the Tennessee River and its 
tributaries, and somewhat more than half is 
mixed table-land and rolling plateau, the 
latter being noted for its fruit and healthful¬ 
ness. Marshall County lies in the heart of the 
great. Southern mineral belt, and is one of 
the cluster of counties whose coal and iron 
produced the recent speculative boom. The 
Tennessee River is navigable from its junction 
with the Ohio at Paducah, Ky., to Knoxville, 
East Tennessee, over 509 miles. It is known as 
the cereal belt of the cotton States. The soil 
is of two distinct types: the light gray of the 
table lands so well suited to cotton and fruits; 
and the rich dark and red loams of the valleys 
that produce corn, oats and grasses abun¬ 
dantly without manure. The tall growth of 
oak and hickory along the valleys pro¬ 
claims a strong soil—a soil much resemb¬ 
ling that along the Wabash River in Indiana 
and in the Little Miami and Scioto Valleys of 
the Ohio. The fact that clover is often seen 
four feet high in early April, and that 400 
bushels of potatoes are frequently produced 
on a single acre, is evidence of the land’s vital¬ 
ity. There is a universal desire that thrifty 
farmers should occupy the now idle lands and 
convert into usefulness the rich farms and fine 
timbers which abound in this valley. This 
valley to-day is at that stage of development 
at which the rich lands of Indiana and Illi¬ 
nois were 40 years ago; but our lands yield a 
greater variety of crops, and we enjoy a more 
desirable climate.. Farm lands vary in price 
from $2 to $20 per acre, according to the loca¬ 
tion, improvement and fertility. E. D. 
Kansas. 
Conway, McPherson Co., June 25.—Crop 
prospects have much improved since my report 
of June 1. Wheat in this locality is mostly 
stacked; it averaged five to 15 bushels per acre. 
In other parts of the county where they had 
more rain it will be a good average crop. 
Early-sown oats are fair and are now being 
cut. Medium-sown are very short in straw, 
cannot be bound but will be cut with headers 
or bunched off from binders. Late-sown oats 
since the four hard rains of the past week, 
promise to take on new vigor and may make 
the best crop of all. In some portions of the 
county, oats are a good crop and will make 50 
to 60 bushels per acre. Corn was somewhat 
retarded in growth by dry weather, but kept 
a good color, was clean, and a good stand, 
now it is just booming and promises a mag¬ 
nificent crop. It is genei ally “laid by” and 
the ground is thoroughly soaked. The rains 
assure good pasture and grass. Potatoes were 
damaged before the rains came. Other vege¬ 
tables are generally good. Fruits, except 
grapes and plums, were damaged by frost and 
have fallen badly. J. M. R. 
New York. 
Gaines, Orleans Co., June 27. —The prospects 
for farmers in Niagara and Orleans Counties 
are very poor indeed. We had a very cold, 
backward spring without any rain to speak 
of, there having been scarcely a sprinkle in 
April, very little in May and only two light 
showers thus far in June. Winter wheat is 
very poor. Spring seeding nearly all killed. 
Oats and barley are a fair stand, but the straw 
is very short. Many fields of oats are too 
short to be cut with a reaper. Corn has suf¬ 
fered very much from cut-worms, consequently 
there is a very poor stand and it is now too 
late to replant Some pieces are looking very 
well, and some very poor Beans have been 
planted very largely and are generally looking 
well, although the bean weeyils h^ve injured 
many fields a good deal. Our greatest loss is 
our hay crop; many fields won’t yield half a 
ton per acre, and very few will yield as much 
as one. The prospects for apples are good at 
present and also for peaches. . All small fruits 
rearlv a complete failure owing to dry 
weather. 
Medina, Orleans Co., June 28.—A much- 
needed rain has visited Orleans and Niagara 
Counties. Recent rains in Western New 
York have assured us a good fruit crop. Ap¬ 
ples, especially Baldwins, never looked more 
promising in Orleans and Niagara counties 
than at the present time. The wheat crop in 
both counties is very light. Spring crops, 
corn, etc., excepting hay, will be about 
medium. * * * 
North Carolina. 
Mooresville, Iredell Co., June 25.—We 
are having very hot weath >r just now. All 
growing crops need rain, as we have had three 
weeks of dry weather, in which the farmers 
have sunned the roots of nearly all the grass 
in their cotton and corn, and mowed, cured 
and housed their clover hay, so they are all 
ready now for a good soaking rain. The 
wheat crop is not more than two-thirds of an 
average yield, and of inferior quality, owing 
to wet weather in May. Oats are being har¬ 
vested ; the crop is an average one. The cot¬ 
ton plant is very small for this time of year, 
and is at least two weeks later than common. 
The condition of the plant is healthy. Pros¬ 
pect for au average crop good. The condi¬ 
tion of corn is the same as that of cotton. The 
shrill whistle of the thrashing engine rends 
the air, and the next farmer gets ready to 
thrash his wheat. New wheat flour is already 
on the market at $2.50 per 100 pounds. Fruit 
is getting plenty. Peaches and apples are 
ripe, and on the market at 50c. to 75c. per 
bushel. Blackberries are ripening. This coun¬ 
try is the home of the blackberry. It grows 
luxuriantly on the banks of all the streams if 
permitted; also on all fields that are not cul¬ 
tivated, and rarely fails to bear a full crop, 
which the berry picker gets for the picking; 
then he sells them to the wine maker for from 
50c. to 60c. per bushel. The president of the 
Farmers’ Alliance at this place has roasting 
ears. He planted his corn on April 2, and 
had full corn June 18. The seed corn is a hy¬ 
brid of Adams’s Extra Early and common 
field corn. Our gardens are furnishing snap 
beans for dinner. This seems to be a good 
year for honey. Nice comb honey is only 10c. 
per pound. w. H. b. 
Pennsylvania. 
Saltsburg, Indiana Co. Pa., June 24.—It 
has been a very cold and backward spring. 
We had a good deal of rain early in the sea¬ 
son, but for the past three weeks we have had 
no rain and crops have suffered for the want 
of it. To-day we had a little shower and there 
have been very heavy rains on each side of us. 
The thermometer has ranged up in the nine¬ 
ties for the past nine days. Wheat about 
three-quarters of a crop; oats about the same. 
Corn is very small for the time of year. Hay 
half a crop. Potatoes do not look very prom¬ 
ising. Rosebugs are the worst for years, eat¬ 
ing up the small fruits; the apples are cov¬ 
ered with them. Potato-bugs, very bad. 
Plums a full crop. Pears half and apples and 
cherries two-thirds of a crop. Small fruits half 
a crop for want of rain. Harvest will com¬ 
mence here about July 6th w. s. 
For Sunstroke. 
Use Horstord’e Acid Phosphate. 
Dr. A. L. Zurker, Melrose, Minn., says: 
“It produced a gratifying and remarkable 
regenerating effect in a case of sunstroke.”— 
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